PSOC - Artigos em revistas internacionais
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- AdaptaĆ§Ć£o da āthe resilience scaleā para a populaĆ§Ć£o adulta portuguesaPublication . Deep, Claudia Ng; Leal, IsabelEste artigo descreve a adaptaĆ§Ć£o da āThe Resilience Scaleā para portugueses adultos. Procedeu-se Ć retraduĆ§Ć£o e validaĆ§Ć£o psicomĆ©trica. Fez-se prĆ©-teste e reteste. Obteve-se equivalĆŖncia linguĆstica/conceptual e validaĆ§Ć£o psicomĆ©trica com alpha de Cronbach 0,868 para 23 itens, sugerindo consistĆŖncia interna. A anĆ”lise fatorial agrupou 23 variĆ”veis em 4 fatores: I ā PerseveranƧa; II ā Sentido de vida; III ā Serenidade; IV ā AutossuficiĆŖncia e autoconfianƧa, com valores alpha de Cronbach satisfatĆ³rios para cada fator. Verificou-se sensibilidade dos itens atravĆ©s do coeficiente de assimetria e achatamento e comprovou-se a estabilidade temporal. A escala revela boas caracterĆsticas psicomĆ©tricas aferindo nĆveis de resiliĆŖncia nesta populaĆ§Ć£o.
- Adaptive transnational identity and the selling of soccer: The new england revolution and lusophone migrant populationsPublication . Moniz, MiguelThe essay provides an overview of adaptive transnational identity processes related to soccer among Lusophone migrant communities in New England. Particular attention is paid to how the New England Revolution soccer team (in the US first division) markets the club to Lusophone migrants and as a result participates in the transnational social field, important for migrant economic and social integration in local contexts. The essay provides insight into adaptive transnational migration processes by examining an institution that may not discursively linked to the migrant group, but that nonetheless participates in the construction and maintenance of the adaptive transnational social category.
- Athletes Perception of Coachesā Leadership Style and Tendency to Cooperate among Competitive Teams [PercepciĆ³n de los deportistas sobre el estilo de liderazgo de los entrenadores y la tendencia a cooperar en equipos competitivos]Publication . Lameiras, JoĆ£o; Martins, Bruno; Almeida, Pedro Henrique Garcia Lopes de; GarcĆa-Mas, Alexandre; Garcia-Mas, AlexandreThe purpose of the present study was to discover the relationships between athletesā perceived coach behaviors during training and competition, and cooperation via Bayesian network (BN). Professional male atheletes from several team sports (N = 158) completed the Portuguese version of the Leadership Scale for Sport and the QuestionĆ”rio de CooperaĆ§Ć£o Desportiva to assess cooperation. Relationships were identified between perceived coach behaviors in training and competition environments and with athletes tendency to cooperate. Overall, the findings support that in sports, coaching behaviours congruent with the athletesā individual needs and adapted to the situational demands may promote prosocial behaviour.
- Attitudes of police recruits towards offenders: the Impact of the police training on attitudinal changePublication . Cunha, Olga; Carvalho, Filipa; Castro Rodrigues, Andreia de; Cruz, Ana Rita; GonƧalves, Rui AbrunhosaThe traditional prevailing perspectives on attitudes assume that attitudes, once formed, are relatively stable over time. However, research has revealed that attitudes may be influenced by different factors that may change them. The present pre-posttest study aims to understand if the police recruitsā attitudes towards offenders change after police training and analyse the impact of sociodemographic and personality variables on recruitsā attitudes towards offenders. The Attitude Scale towards Offenders (ATO) and the NEO-FFI Personality Inventory were used in a sample of 74 recruits of a Portuguese Police Force at the beginning and the end of the police training program. Results revealed that, at the end of the training, recruits hold more negative attitudes towards offenders. Those who had previous professional experience in the army hold more positive attitudes, but only at the beginning of the training. Only attitudes towards offenders at the beginning of the police training program predict recruitsā attitudes towards offenders at the end of the training. These results emphasize the importance of initial and continuous training of recruits and police officers.
- Back to basics: Socially facilitated situated cognitionPublication . Fonseca, Ricardo Jorge Rodrigues Moita da; Garcia-Marques, TeresaA widely ignored finding in social facilitation suggests that the mere presence of others increases the āspreading outā of oneās thoughts (Allport, 1920). Here, we revisit this finding and expand upon it using a situated cognition perspective. Experiment 1 approached the spreading-out-of-thought effect using the same free-association task as Allport. Results replicated and extended previous findings. Compared to an alone condition, co-action and mere presence activated more associations, being that these associations are more context-related and more distant in the target word associative network. Assuming that this spreading-out-of-thought effect arises from an increased salience of context-related processing, we tested this hypothesis using the Framed-Line Test paradigm in Experiment 2. Results showed that, as expected, co-action increased accuracy of estimation judgments that required incorporation of contextual information in processing. These results support and extend Allportās view that presence of others broadens our thoughts. We discuss this idea, suggesting that social contexts may prompt cognition to be more situated.
- Beneficios percibidos de las lesiones deportivas: Estudio cualitativo en futbolistas profesionales y semiprofesionalesPublication . Almeida, Pedro Henrique Garcia Lopes de; Luciano, Rui; Lameiras, JoĆ£oThe aim o f the study was to identify and analyze the perceived benefits associated with sports injury in 16 professional and semi-professional players who were injured during sports practice. For data collection semi-structured interviews were conducted, content analyses being performed through the QSR Nvivo 2.0 software. 31 participants reported perceived benefits throughout the injury process, with social support and sports education referrals. The findings point to the importance of including positive aspects for a clearer and more complete understanding of the overall impact of sports injuries.
- CohesiĆ³n y cooperaciĆ³n en equipos deportivosPublication . Olmedilla, Aurelio; Ortega, Enrique; Almeida, Pedro Henrique Garcia Lopes de; Lameiras, JoĆ£o; Villalonga, TomĆ”s; Sousa, CristinaLa cohesiĆ³n y la cooperaciĆ³n son dos mecanismos psicolĆ³gicos del equipo diferentes teĆ³ricamente, y relativamente independientes. En este trabajo se pretende estudiar, en una muestra de 945 jugadores de fĆŗtbol de competiciĆ³n, con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 18 aƱos (media: 14.7 y dt: 1.8) los niveles de cohesiĆ³n y de cooperaciĆ³n, y su relaciĆ³n entre sĆ, asĆ como con otras variables. Los resultados indican que los factores de la cohesiĆ³n deportiva se comportan casi como un factor Ćŗnico, al contrario de lo que ocurre con la cooperaciĆ³n, y que existe rela-ciĆ³n entre cooperaciĆ³n incondicionada y cohesiĆ³n. Se ha hallado diferencia significativa entre los jugadores titulares y suplentes, respecto de la coope-raciĆ³n condicionada y de la cohesiĆ³n global, pero no aparecen cambios con la posiciĆ³n de juego ni con los aƱos de prĆ”ctica. Finalmente, la co-hesiĆ³n puede ser determinada en parte por la cooperaciĆ³n, mientras que el factor de la cohesiĆ³n de la aceptaciĆ³n de roles se demuestra relevante para ambos constructos. ------ ABSTRACT ------ Cohesion and cooperation are two psychological mechanisms of teams that are theoretically different and relatively independent. The intent of this study was to assess the levels of cohesion and cooperation and the relationships between them, as well as other variables, in a sample of 945 competitive football players between the ages of 12 and 18 years (M = 14.7, SD = 1.8). The results indicate that the factors of athletic cohesion behave almost as one single factor, which is the opposite of what happens with cooperation, and that there is a relationship between uncon-ditional cooperation and cohesion. There is a significant difference be-tween starting and bench players with regard to the conditional coopera-tion and overall cohesion, but there are no differences with regard to player's position nor with the years of practice. Finally, cohesion may be determined in part by cooperation, while the factor of cohesion of the acceptance of roles has been demonstrated to be relevant for both con-structs.
- Corporate social responsibility: Mapping its social meaningPublication . Duarte, Ana PatrĆcia; Mouro, Carla; Neves, JosĆ© GonƧalves dasPurpose ā The purpose of this paper is to address the social meaning of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and improve understanding of this concept. Design/methodology/approach ā A free association task was completed by a sample of 275 individuals, mostly employees from different industries, who were given āsocially responsible corporationā as the stimulus. Findings ā The results elicit three distinct views of a socially responsible corporation. Some individuals consider a socially responsible corporation to be one that undertakes its business operations in an efficient and ethical manner. Others see it as an organisation that takes an active role in contributing to the well being of society and behaves in an ecologically friendly way and acts in the field of social solidarity. For yet another set of participants a socially responsible corporation is one that adopts human resources practices that demonstrate respect and concern for the well being of employees and their families. Research limitations/implications ā The social meaning of CSR includes ideas that to some extent mirror the conceptualisation introduced by previous theoretical models. However, this paper suggests that the translation of the theoretical models into instruments addressing stakeholdersā perceptions of CSR requires closer scrutiny and validation through contextual (e.g. national) adaptations. Originality/value ā The paper contributes by providing additional knowledge on the social meaning of CSR in a European country, Portugal, and not only on Anglo-Saxon countries, therefore, introducing specific situational challenges.
- Editorial: Interactions between education, practice of physical activity and psychological well-beingPublication . Muntaner-Mas, AdriĆ ; Palou, Pere; Almeida, Pedro Henrique Garcia Lopes de; Garcia Mas, Alexandre
- Facing ostracism: Micro-coding facial expressions in the Cyberball social exclusion paradigmPublication . Mulder, Riaan; Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian; Veenstra, Johan; Tiemeier, Henning; Van IJzendoorn, MarinusBackground Social exclusion is often measured with the Cyberball paradigm, a computerized ball-tossing game. Most Cyberball studies, however, used self-report questionnaires, leaving the data vulnerable to reporter bias, and associations with individual characteristics have been inconsistent. Methods In this large-scale observational study, we video-recorded 4,813 10-year-old children during Cyberball and developed a real-time micro-coding method measuring facial expressions of anger, sadness and contempt, in a multiethnic population-based sample. We estimated associations between facial expressions and self-reported negative feelings, explored associations of child characteristics such as sex and parental national origin with observed and selfreported feelings during social exclusion, and tested associations of observed and self-reported feelings during social exclusion with behavior problems at age 14. Results Facial expressions of sadness and anger were associated with self-reported negative feelings during the game, but not with such feelings after the game. Further, girls reported to have had less negative feelings during the game than boys, but no such sex-differences were found in total observed emotions. Likewise, children with parents of Moroccan origin reported less negative feelings during the game than Dutch children, but their facial expressions did not indicate that they were differently affected. Last, observed emotions related negatively to later internalizing problems, whereas self-report on negative feelings during the game related positively to later internalizing and externalizing problems. Conclusions We show that facial expressions are associated with self-reported negative feelings during social exclusion, discuss that reporter-bias might be minimized using facial expressions, and find divergent associations of observed facial expressions and self-reported negative feelings with later internalizing problems.