Repositório do ISPA
Repositório Institucional do Ispa-Instituto Universitário
Entradas recentes
Examining life in detention: A process of survey translation and adaptation through an ecological and collaborative approach
Publication . Esposito, Francesca; Di Napoli, Immacolata; Ornelas, José; Briozzo, Erica; Arcidiacono, Caterina; Esposito, Francesca; Ornelas, José
This paper illustrates the process we engaged in to translateand adapt a survey to examine life in an immigration deten-tion center in Italy from the perspective of the migrantsdetained therein. The process consisted of: the forward trans-lation of the original measure performed by four independenttranslators; a blind backward translation to identify misinter-pretations or incorrect cross-cultural and contextual adapta-tions; a synthesis of all translations to obtain a semifinalversion; the creation of an Expert Committee composed ofscholars, practitioners, and migrants with experience of deten-tion to assess equivalence and content validity; and, finally,pretesting with a group of 15 detained persons. Through thismulti-step process we obtained a measure capable of grasp-ing the context-specific meanings, needs and experiences thatcharacterize life in detention. The challenges and benefits of acollaborative and ecological approach to measurement trans-lation and adaption are discussed in the final section.
What goes on in digital behaviour change interventions for weight loss maintenance targeting physical activity: A scoping review
Publication . Encantado, Jorge; Palmeira, António L; Silva, Carolina; Sniehotta, Falko F; Stubbs, R James; Gouveia, Maria João; Teixeira, Pedro J; Heitmann, Berit L; Marques, Marta M; Conde Encantado Paulo, Jorge Eduardo
To identify the core components of digital behaviour change interventions for weight loss maintenance targeting physical activity, in terms of: (i) behaviour change techniques, (ii) mechanisms of action, (iii) modes of delivery, (iv) dose and (v) tailoring/personalization. In addition, the links between these components were investigated.
Methods
A literature search was performed in five electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, CINHAL, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Two reviewers independently screened the identified articles and extracted data related with the study characteristics and behaviour change techniques, mechanism of action, mode of delivery, dose, and tailoring, using standardized classifications whenever available (e.g. behaviour change techniques taxonomy).
Seventeen articles reporting 11 original studies were selected. Two studies were protocols, 9 studies presented results for weight change and all but one showed no significant differences between the intervention and control groups. Eight studies (73%) provided adequate information on behaviour change techniques. Five studies (45%) provided partial information about how the behaviour change techniques were linked to mechanisms of action, and only one study (0.9%) described these links for all the techniques. Around half of the studies reported the modes through which behaviour change techniques were delivered. Descriptions of dose were present in most studies, but with minimal information. The use of tailoring or personalization approaches was mentioned in eight studies (73%), but descriptions of what was tailored and how were minimal.
Conclusions: The compilation of information regarding intervention components was difficult due to the lack of information and systematization in reporting across papers. This is particularly true for the reporting of the links between behaviour change techniques and the other core intervention components. This information is crucial to help us understand in the context of behaviour change interventions what works or does not work, how it works and why.
Adapting as I go: An analysis of the relationship between academic expectations, self-efficacy, and adaptation to higher education
Publication . Campos, Mafalda; Peixoto, Francisco; Bártolo-Ribeiro, Rui; Almeida, Leandro S.; Peixoto, Francisco; Almeida, Leandro
Transition to higher education is increasingly becoming a common stage in young adulthood, which highlights the importance of studying what could contribute for a better adaptation to higher education. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between academic expectations, self-efficacy, and adaptation to higher education during the first two years of college (i.e., the first two years of a higher education degree). Portuguese college students participated in a longitudinal data collection resorting to the Academic Expectations Questionnaire (T1 and T3), the Self-Efficacy in Higher Education Scale (T2 and T3), and the Questionnaire for Higher Education Adaptation (T2 and T3). Structural equation modeling analysis was conducted to test a model correlating academic expectations, self-efficacy, and adaptation, as well as a mediation model where a full mediation of self-efficacy was observed between the relationship between academic expectations and higher education expectations. This study delivers a unique longitudinal view on the experience of the first two years of college, showing a significant role of expectations and self-efficacy in order to achieve a better adaptation process. Results are useful for institutions to adapt the way they present themselves and manage students’ expectations.
Guia de intervenção e prevenção em situações de acumulação de animais
Publication . Vargas Moniz, Maria João; António, Raquel; Barros, Rita; Amarante, Nuno; Ispa - Instituto Universitário e ICNF - Instituto de Conservação da Natureza
A acumulação de animais constitui-se como um problema de saúde pública e bem-estar animal
que consiste em manter um elevado número de animais sem que lhes sejam garantidas
condições mínimas de cuidado e salubridade, tornando-se numa situação insustentável tanto
para os animais, quanto para as pessoas que os acumulam e para a comunidade circundante
(e.g., questões sanitárias ou de ruído).
Constata-se que a tendência global prevalente de intervenção nesta área se foca quase, em
exclusivo, na opção reiterada pela remoção dos animais. Esta abordagem adota uma lógica
tendencialmente punitiva, que tende a resultar numa reincidência de quase 100%. A resposta
face às situações de acumulação tem-se pautado por intervenções avulsas, pouco coordenadas,
em resposta a situações mediatizadas e sem o envolvimento ativo da pessoa acumuladora como
agente de mudança e prevenção de novas situações de acumulação.
As boas práticas internacionais indicam a necessidade de uma estratégia abrangente, com a
capacidade de intervir em situações de crise e simultaneamente de delinear intervenções de
natureza preventiva. Torna-se assim relevante estruturar intervenções numa perspetiva a longo
prazo para as situações de acumulação já identificadas.
A construção de parcerias de intervenção especializadas na acumulação de animais requer um
planeamento entre os organismos públicos, privados, não governamentais e movimentos
cívicos, tanto para intervir com as pessoas acumuladoras, quanto para a promoção do bem-estar
animal. Esta rede de parceiros deve estar articulada a nível local, regional e nacional.
A literatura indica de forma consistente que a pessoa acumuladora deve ser um elemento
central na construção da solução, e as estratégias delineadas devem ter em consideração as
características individuais, os recursos de suporte local e o acompanhamento orientado para a
prevenção da reincidência. Partindo desta premissa, torna-se crucial a elaboração de um plano
de intervenção e compromisso em conjunto com a pessoa acumuladora.
A partir da consulta de boas práticas internacionais e das necessidades expressas pela equipa
do ICNF a partir da sua experiência de intervenção direta, propomos um Modelo Lógico de
Intervenção/Prevenção, assente em quatro fases: Deteção, Planeamento, Intervenção e
Prevenção, que se informam e relacionam entre si e que expressam uma lógica de intervenção
que se baseia no equilíbrio entre o bem-estar dos animais e o bem-estar das pessoas.
Validation of the portuguese version of the langer mindfulness Scale and its Relations to Quality of Work Life and Work-Related outcomes
Publication . Junça-Silva, Ana; Caetano, António; Junça-Silva, Ana; Caetano, António; Sises SRL
Mindfulness is an active mindset characterized by novel distinction-drawing and has been related to happiness and well-being. This study aims to validate the Portuguese version of the Langer Mindfulness scale (LMS14), to explore its psychometric and structural properties, and to analyze the role of mindfulness on the relation between work characteristics and performance. We conducted three studies; the first (N = 141) tested the scale’s factorial structure and its psychometric properties. In the second we used two samples (N = 330) and tested the factorial structure of the scale, its reliability and validity.
In the third (N = 154) we analyzed the moderating role of mindfulness in the relationship between autonomy and feedback with performance. Results showed three factors — novelty seeking, novelty producing, and engagement — and convergent, discriminant, and criterion validity as the scale correlates with well-being, affect, creativity, and work engagement. Results demonstrated that mindfulness moderates the link between autonomy and feedback with performance.