PCOM - Artigos em revistas internacionais
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- A cultura na investigação sociocultural: Um comentárioPublication . Ferreira, Lígia Eunice Almeida ÉvoraInexistente
- Portugal, país de inmigración. La reciente consolidación de los brasileñosPublication . Verdugo Matés, Rosa Maria; Ferreira, Lígia Eunice Almeida ÉvoraResumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar el reciente fenómeno de la intensificación de la inmigración en Portugal. Comenzaremos este análisis con un rápido recorrido por la evolución de los flujos migratorios de entrada y salida en Portugal desde los años 60 hasta la actualidad. A continuación nos centraremos en la trayectoria de la comunidad brasileña, ya que en el año 2004 ésta ha pasado a ocupar el primer puesto dentro del conjunto de extranjeros que reside en el territorio portugués. Examinaremos la evolución de este grupo desde los años 80 hasta la actualidad, tratando de buscar los factores que explican su consolidación. Para finalizar aportaremos datos que nos permitan conocer las principales características de los brasileños que hoy en día viven en Portugal. ------ ABSTRACT ------ Summary: Portugal, a country of immigrants. The recent consolidation of the Brazilians. The article studies the recent intensification of immigration into Portugal. It begins with a summary of migratory currents into and out of Portugal from the fifties to the present. It then focuses on the development of the Brazilian community, which in 2004 has come to occupy first place among the immigrant groups in the country. It examines the evolution of this group since the eighties, in an attempt to discover the factors explaining its consolidation. Finally, data will be adduced which describe the principal characteristics of the Brazilian community in modern-day Portugal.
- Community psychology and social change: A story from the field of mental health in PortugalPublication . Ornelas, José; Moniz, Maria João Vargas; Duarte, TeresaA contextual and ecological intervention approach for people experiencing mental illness was developed with a primary focus on the mobilization of natural resources, the expansion of social networks and supports, and to systematically promote opportunities for activity within the community. The mutual help movement provided a major contribution to enhance and strengthen the social role of those experiencing mental illness. This social change process was inspired by empowerment theory and the goal of recovery through social and community participation. Therefore we present a community-based intervention, based on the principles and values of Community Psychology, a program implemented during the last twenty years in the field of mental health that contributed to changes in the mental health system in Portugal. A community-based support system has been organized to provide social supports in terms of housing, education and employment by enhancing the use of natural contexts, such as schools and businesses, and the diverse social resources available to the general public.
- Contributi della psicologia di comunità per lo sviluppo dei servizi su base comunitaria per le persone con malattie mentaliPublication . Ornelas, José; Moniz, Maria João Vargas; Sacchetto, Beatrice; Esposito, FrancescaInexistente
- Properties of the portuguese version of the empowerment scale with mental health organization usersPublication . Monteiro, Maria Fátima Jorge; Ornelas, JoséBackground: This study examines the reliability and validity of the Portuguese version of the Empowerment Scale (ES) to be used in the community/psychosocial mental health field. Authors also reviewed the properties of the development and cross-cultural adaptation of the ES. Because mental health services are required to encourage empowerment and recovery-oriented interventions, adequate empowerment-oriented outcome measures are needed to evaluate services and study interventions across countries. Methods: The current research was part of a larger research project with 213 participants. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to observe the ES’s construct-related validity, and a reliability analysis for internal consistency. The ES concurrent validity with the recovery and psychiatric symptoms measures was also assessed using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: The CFA supported the five-factor configuration for the refined model of measure as satisfactory. The Portuguese version of the ES presented an overall satisfactory reliability (α = .79) and was positively correlated with personal recovery (r = .71) and inversely with psychiatric symptoms (r = −.22). Conclusions: The overall scale was considered reliable and valid to be used by Portuguese researchers and practitioners to evaluate empowering interventions in mental health services. Furthermore, in the effort to increase ES construct-related validity, this article suggests further improvements to enhance the empowerment measure.
- What transformation? A qualitative study of empowering settings and community mental health organizationsPublication . Monteiro, Maria Fátima Jorge; Aguiar, Rita; Sacchetto, Beatrice; Moniz, Maria João Vargas; Ornelas, JoséThis article is based on empowering settings research and has a two-fold objective: to propose an adaptation of the empowering community settings framework to community mental health organizations practice to foster recovery and community integration; and to discuss how the adapted framework is a relevant tool to challenge community mental health transformation at multiple levels of analysis. The current study was anchored in a larger qualitative research project. It used a case study approach, with 8 in-depth interviews with diverse participants from one community mental health organization. The adapted model proved useful to guide transformational practice in community mental health programs and for evaluation of organizational empowerment and multilevel community-oriented interventions. Suggestions and implications for future research are also presented.
- Recovery assessment scale : Testing validity with portuguese community-based mental health organization usersPublication . Monteiro, Maria Fátima Jorge; Ornelas, JoséThe aim of the present study was to develop the Portuguese version of the Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS-P), and to assess the validity of the findings using the revised test, with 213 users from 5 nonprofit community-based mental health organizations. Participants in the assessment completed a self-reported survey investigating their sense of personal recovery, personal empowerment, capabilities achievement, psychiatric symptoms’ frequency, and demographic data. Evidence from exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses using the 24-item version of the test, validated a 4-factor structure for the RAS-P model based on the dimensions of Personal Goals and Hope, Managing Help Needs, Supportive Interpersonal Relationships, and Life Beyond Symptoms, consistent with components of the recovery process. Convergent and discriminant validity was also achieved using bivariate correlation coefficients among the 4 subscales’ scores, between the overall scale and the subscales, and in relation to external variables. Findings allowed for the interpretation that the RAS-P is measuring a particular psychological construct, which is different from symptoms of the mental illness. A hypothesized significant association with personal empowerment and with capabilities achievement was demonstrated. Positive association was also found between participants’ use of recovery-oriented services such as independent housing or supported employment programs. The RAS-P scores also revealed excellent internal consistency for the overall scale ( .90), and good consistency for the subscales ( .75), which attest to its precision in measurement. In conclusion, the study proved the RAS-P a reliable and useful tool in the context of the community mental health practice.
- Migration-related detention centers : The challenges of an ecological perspective with a focus on justicePublication . Esposito, Francesca; Ornelas, José; Arcidiacono, CaterinaBackground: In recent years, border control and migration-related detention have become increasingly widespread practices affecting the lives of undocumented migrants, their families, and communities at large. In spite of the concern within academia, few studies have directly witnessed the life and experiences of people confined to migration-related detention centers. In the medical and psychological fields, a considerable body of research has demonstrated the pathogenic nature of detention in terms of mental health, showing an association between length of detention and severity of distress. Nevertheless, it was limited to the assessment of individuals’ clinical consequences, mainly focusing on asylum seekers. There currently exists a need to adopt an ecological perspective from which to study detained migrants’ experiences as context-dependent, and influenced by power inequalities. This paper addresses this gap. Discussion: Drawing upon advances in community psychology, we illustrate an ecological framework for the study of migration-related detention contexts, and their effects on the lives of detained migrants and all people exposed to them. Making use of existing literature, Kelly’s four principles (interdependence, cycling of resources, adaptation, succession) are analyzed at multiple ecological levels (personal, interpersonal, organizational, communal), highlighting implications for future research in this field. A focus on justice, as a key-dimension of analysis, is also discussed. Wellbeing is acknowledged as a multilevel, dynamic, and value-dependent phenomenon. Summary: In presenting this alternative framework, the potential for studying migration-related detention through an ecological lens is highlighted, pointing the way for future fields of study. We argue that ecological multilevel analyses, conceptualized in terms of interdependent systems and with a focus on justice, can enhance the comprehension of the dynamics at play in migration-related detention centers, providing an effective tool to address the multi-level challenges of doing research within them. Furthermore, they can contribute to the development of policies and practices concerned with health, equality, and human rights of all people exposed to migration-related detention. Consistent with these assumptions, empirical studies adopting such a framework are strongly encouraged. These studies should use mixed and multi-method culturally situated designs, based on the development of collaborative and empowering relationships with participants. Ethnographic approaches are recommended.
- Defining psychological empowerment construct: analysis of three empowerment scalesPublication . Miguel, Marta Cristina Trindade; Ornelas, José; Maroco, JoãoThis study aimed to contribute to the validation of psychological empowerment, which is a combination of sense of control (intrapersonal component), critical awareness of the sociopolitical environment (interactional component), and community involvement (behavioral component). Three scales of empowerment used to evaluate the 3 components were translated into Portuguese, adapted for the Portuguese population, and applied in person, by phone and by e-mail. Participants were enrolled in or had completed a program of recognition of prior learning. We tested reflective and formative measurement models and the results suggested that a reflective model fits the data better than a formative one. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed psychological empowerment as a hierarchical third-order factor. Second-order factors correspond to the intrapersonal, interactional, and behavioral empowerment components, reflected in first-order factors: leadership competence, policy control, source of power, nature of power, instruments of power, and participation behaviors.
- The Capabilities Questionnaire for the Community Mental Health context (CQ-CMH) : A measure inspired by the capabilities approach and constructed through consumer–researcher collaborationPublication . Sacchetto, Beatrice; Aguiar, Rita; Monteiro, Maria Fátima Jorge; Neves, Maria João; Cruz, Maria Adelaide; Coimbra, José António; Ornelas, JoséThe involvement of people with psychiatric disabilities in research and service evaluation has traditionally been rare, especially in the construction of outcome measures. This study documents a collaborative process with consumers from 2 Portuguese community mental health services in the construction of the Capabilities Questionnaire for the Community Mental Health context (CQ-CMH). The measure is inspired by Nussbaum's capabilities approach and aims to measure consumers' capabilities when supported by the community mental health services.