EDI-Ispa - Artigos
Permanent URI for this collection
Browse
Recent Submissions
- Factorial structure, measurement invariance and reliability of the Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC) in a sample of Portuguese parentsPublication . Fernandes, Marília; Morais, Inês; Santos, Carolina; Guedes, Maryse; Ribeiro, Olívia; Fernandes, Carla; Pires, Eva; Santos, Ana Filipa; Santos, Antonio J.; Veríssimo, ManuelaAbstract: Emotion regulation is important for socioemotional and mental health development, with lifelong implications. The Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC; Shields & Cicchetti, 1997) is a widely used tool to assess emotional regulation and dysregulation in children. Despite wide use and translate into several languages, inconsistent findings have been found in its factorial structure across studies. This study addresses this gap by examining the factorial structure, reliability, and measurement invariance of the ERC in a Portuguese sample. A sample of 789 parents (mostly mothers, 90.9%) with children between 3 to 12 years old (49.3% preschoolers and 50.7% School-age) completed the scale. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) revealed that the original two-factor model (Emotion Regulation and Lability/Negativity) reached an acceptable fit, however three items had to be removed, and two item residuals correlated. Full invariance was achieved regarding boys and girls. While, regarding age, only configural invariance was achieved, meaning that, different loadings should be expected between preschool and school-age children. Considering the final model the Cronbach’s alphas (α) was .66 for Emotion Regulation and .80 for Lability/Negativity. These findings provide some support for the use of the Portuguese parents’ version of the ERC with preschool and school-age children.
- Posttraumatic stress disorder, childhood trauma and health behaviors in victims of intimate partner violencePublication . Da Costa Gomes, Solange; Costa, Eleonora Cunha VeigaAbstract: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is considered a serious public health problem and a significant risk factor for women’s health. In Portugal, studies focusing on the investigation of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), childhood trauma, and health behaviors in victims of IPV are scarce. This research aimed to analyse the effects of childhood victimization and of IPV on PTSD symptoms and health behaviors in a sample of Portuguese women, including victims and non-victims of IPV (n=117). The participants’ ages ranged from 19 to 74 years (M=37.76; SD=14.85). Differences between women with and without IPV in childhood trauma, PTSD symptoms, and health behaviors were also examined. Results indicated that women who are victims of IPV experience higher levels of childhood abuse and PTSD symptoms and engage in fewer health behaviors compared to non-victimized women. Childhood physical and emotional abuse along with psychological aggression in adulthood are the strongest predictors of PTSD symptoms. Childhood sexual abuse and sexual coercion in adulthood contribute to a lower engagement in health behaviors. This study underscores the impact of IPV on mental health and highlights the need to design effective interventions that prevent future revictimization and promote healthy behaviors among victims.
- The role of digital addiction and self-efficacy on academic procrastination : a Turkish pre-service teachers’ casePublication . Börekci, Caner; Uyangor, NihatAbstract: The study examined the relationships between digital addictions, academic self-efficacy, and academic procrastination among pre-service teachers. The sample included 549 pre-service teachers who participated voluntarily, with 412 females and 137 males enrolled in various disciplines. Two models were constructed to investigate these relationships. The initial model showed negative relations between addiction to digital media or tools, academic self-efficacy, and the ability to complete academic tasks on time. Conversely, higher levels of academic self-efficacy decreased academic procrastination. Academic self-efficacy was also found to partially mediate the relationship between digital addiction and academic procrastination. The second model confirmed that addiction to digital media or tools negatively related to pre-service teachers’ ability to complete academic tasks on time. Similar to the first model, higher levels of academic self-efficacy were associated with lower levels of academic procrastination. As a result of the study, strategies based on literature were proposed to help pre-service teachers reduce digital addiction and enhance academic self-efficacy. It is believed that implementing these strategies will help students complete their academic tasks on time and improve their academic performance.
- Valence word processing in preference vs. lexical decision tasks : insights from muscle blocking proceduresPublication . Oliveira, Gonçalo Aires; Domingos, Ana; Garcia-Marques, TeresaAbstract: Processing is oriented by goals that determine the details of the stimuli to be attended. Previous studies claim that the determination of word valence (neutral, positive, or negative) is prioritized at early processing stages. This effect of immediate processing of affective information is supported by behavioral and psychophysiological evidence. Here we address this primacy of affect hypothesis in word processing by performing different blocking procedures on the facial muscles relevant for processing the affective dimension of the stimuli on preference (Experiment 1) and lexical decision tasks (Experiment 2). The results show that not only evaluative judgments were disturbed by blocking procedures, but that the same result occurred when the affective information was irrelevant to the task. Evidence shows similar interference from blocking facial muscle activity on affective word processing in both experiments, with procedures that immobilize the zygomatic muscle having a greater impact on the processing of positive words. We discuss the informative role of demonstrating these effects as occurring regardless of the processing goal, highlighting different patterns associated with the various blocking procedures.
- The ethical principles of the Portuguese psychologists : an evaluation after eleven yearsPublication . Ricou, Miguel; Marina, Sílvia; Sá, EduardoAbstract: Several changes were implemented in the psychology profession after the Order of Portuguese Psychologists was created. A set of ethical principles to guide psychological practice was established. Eleven years after the several changes have been initiated in the professional practice in Portugal, this study analyzes whether there are changes in the valuation of the fundamental ethical principles of Portuguese psychologists. To this end, data from 2009 and 2020 was compared. On a grading scale from 1 to 5, Portuguese psychologists allotted the importance to each general principle. We found Competence and Responsibility decreased after 11 years, and Integrity and Beneficence and Non-Maleficence increased from 2009 to 2020. We also found that Psychologists with more experience valued more the Respect for people’s rights and dignity, Integrity, and Beneficence and nonmaleficence than those with lesser years of experience. Order of Portuguese Psychologists and the existence of an ethics code seems to have improved the professional identity.
- Effects of intimate partner violence and child abuse on HIV risk behaviorsPublication . Barros, Ana; Martins, Fernando; Monteiro, Sílvia; Costa, Eleonora C. V.Abstract: The impact of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) and childhood trauma on 141 Portuguese women’s HIV risk behaviors (61 victims and 80 non-victims of IPV) was examined as well as differences between victims and non-victims in terms of childhood trauma, condom use, and history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). A cross-sectional study design was used with retrospective self-report. Women who reported IPV also reported more instances of child physical, emotional, and sexual abuse, as well as more STIs than those who reported no history of abuse. IPV, including psychological aggression and physical assault without injury, significantly contributed to the presence/history of STIs, while younger age contributed to condom use. This study demonstrates the impact of IPV on HIV risk behaviors and highlights the need for effective intervention programs to prevent sexual risk behaviors and promote sexual health among victimized women.
- Perceived attachment to fathers and mothers and shame in early adolescencePublication . Gerulaitis, Sandra; Azevedo, Jussane; Fernandes, M.; Veríssimo, Manuela; Guedes, MaryseAbstract: Shame results from a set of complex ideas about the self and, when intense and prolonged, may interfere in adolescents’ socioemotional adjustment. Research with young adults found that parent-child attachment was associated with shame. Due to the limited number of studies during adolescence, this study aimed to examine the role of the perceptions of safe haven and secure base in the relationship with the mother and the father in self-reported shame in a sample of adolescents aged 10 to 15 years. A total of 312 adolescents (45% boys) aged, on average, 12 years, recruited from a school of the Metropolitan Lisbon, participated in the study. Participants answered the Portuguese version of the Security Scale Questionnaire (SSQ) and the External and Internal Shame Scale for Adolescents(EVEI-A) to assess perceptions of safe haven and secure base in the relationships with parents and total, internal, and external shame. Higher scores of secure base and safe haven in the relationships with the father and with the mother were associated with self-reports of lower levels of overall, internal, and external shame. The strength of the associations between the scores of safe haven and internal shame tended to be higher for the relationship with the mother than for the relationship with the father. These findings are consistent with research conducted with young adults and highlight the importance of assessing the role of both fathers and mothers as a safe haven and secure base.
- Respect and sympathy in Portuguese preschoolers and middle-school childrenPublication . Costa Martins, Mariana; Cardoso, Evlyne Martins; Pires, E.; Fernandes, M.; Fernandes, C.; Malti, Tina; Veríssimo, ManuelaAbstract: Recent research has revealed theorical and empirical links between respect and socioemotional outcomes such as moral emotions and prosociality, as well as negative associations with aggression. The ability to sympathize, feel concern, and be aware of other’s states has also been hypothesized to influence how children conceptualize respect and evaluate behaviors as worthy of respect. The development of respect derives from the ability to recognize others as individuals with unique needs, feelings, and desires. Similarly, like respect, sympathy has also been associated with more altruistic and kinder interactions. The present study aims to explore the link between these two socioemotional constructs – respect and sympathy – while considering possible cultural nuances. Fifty-three children answered the Respect Interview which delved into their conceptualizations, evaluations, and reasonings behind respect (the concept, expressions, and examples of feeling respect from others), and the Sympathy Scale. Parents also reported on their children’s sympathy and sociodemographic data. A positive effect between sympathy and respect was only partially confirmed. Sympathy revealed a positive effect on prosocial conceptualizations of respect (χ2=3.85, p<.05;b=.90). In contrast, children who used authority themes to define expressions of respect, were less sympathetic [t(51)=-1.86, p<.05]. Sociodemographic differences were considered and discussed when analysing both variables. Our results are in line with previous literature and contribute to knowledge in this field by replicating the study in a different culture and age range.
- Self-esteem and life satisfaction among Brazilian adolescents victimized and bulliesPublication . Nunes, Sandra Adriana Neves; Paulina De Oliveira, Ana Júlia; Palma, TomásAbstract: Bullying is characterized by repeated physical or psychological intimidation, leading to harassment and abuse that can impact the well-being of both victims and perpetrators. This study investigated differences in self-esteem and life satisfaction among students who had been victims or bullies compared to those who had never experienced bullying, either as victims or aggressors. The study involved 194 adolescents, with an average age of 17.46 years (SD=1,26), from the Federal Institute of Science and Technology of Bahia, Brazil. Four scales were used: the Bullying Victimization Scale, Bullying Behavior Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Global Life Satisfaction Scale. Results indicate that victims of verbal and relational bullying had lower life satisfaction than non-victims. Victims of relational bullying also had lower self-esteem compared to those who had never been victimized. Victims of verbal bullying showed a trend towards lower self-esteem compared to non-victims. Finally, relational bullies had lower life satisfaction than non-bullies. We concluded that bullying adversely affects the subjective well-being of both victims and perpetrators, underscoring the importance of addressing bullying behaviors among adolescents.
- The impact of COVID-19 on the well-being and satisfaction of military students : the role of COVID-19 infection, prophylactic isolation and containment measuresPublication . Pereira, Adelino António Gonçalves; Belindro, Carlos Alberto VenturaAbstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically altered daily life worldwide and its possible psychological consequences rapidly became a cause for concern. This study intends to analyze if COVID-19 related variables (i.e., infection, prophylactic isolation and satisfaction with the containment measures) have a significant effect on psychological well-being, life satisfaction, organizational commitment and satisfaction with military training of military students. A sample of 395 students was collected during May 2021. Participants answered four scales assessing psychological well-being, satisfaction with life, organizational commitment and satisfaction with military training. The results indicate that students who contracted COVID-19 revealed higher values of environmental mastery. Furthermore, students who agreed with the restrictions imposed by the military organization revealed higher satisfaction with life, environmental mastery, self-acceptance, affective and normative commitment, but also higher satisfaction with their military training. No significant effects were found in the scores of the other variables analyzed. These results show that the satisfaction with the virus containment measures had a significant effect on different psychological dimensions and also on the students’ relationship with the military organization.