APPsyCI - Artigos em revistas científicas internacionais
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- What makes parents of young children stressed? A systematic review of quantitative studiesPublication . d’Orsi, Dora; Garraio, Carolina; Santos, Rita; Matias, Marisa; Verissimo, Manuela; Diniz, EvaThe arrival of a baby and the early years of a child’s life represent a critical period for parents, often marked by increased parental stress that can impact both their well-being and the child’s development. Although parental stress has been widely studied, no systematic review has yet focused specifically on early childhood. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review synthesizing evidence on factors examined as antecedents of parental stress during the first three years postpartum. Following PRISMA guidelines, we included 108 quantitative studies published in the past 12 years that investigated variables statistically modeled as predictors of parental stress. Key determinants of parental stress were identified at three levels: (1) at the personal level, internalizing symptoms, adverse childhood experiences, and perinatal negative experiences were related to higher stress; (2) at the relational level, marital satisfaction and coparenting quality were associated with lower stress; and (3) at the contextual level, social support from friends and family served as a protective factor of parental stress, while children’s developmental problems served as risk factors. Despite the increasing number of longitudinal studies and the growing inclusion of fathers in research, few studies have focused on participants from social minority groups or from non-Western contexts. These findings may contribute to the development of effective strategies to support families during the early years of parenthood.
- Guilt in bereavement: The role of experiential avoidance and ruminationPublication . Alves, Maria Inês; Neto, David DiasGuilt is a common emotional response to bereavement and has been associated with prolonged grief symptoms. Experiential avoidance and rumination are associated with the persistence of grief related symptoms, yet their role in explaining how guilt contributes to grief severity remains unclear. This study examined whether experiential avoidance and rumination mediate the association between guilt and prolonged grief symptoms in bereaved adults. A community sample of 690 Portuguese adults who experienced an expected or unexpected loss completed measures of guilt, experiential avoidance, rumination, and grief. Mediation analyses revealed significant indirect effects of experiential avoidance and rumination (injustice, meaning, and relationship) on the association between guilt and prolonged grief symptoms, alongside a significant direct effect of guilt. These findings suggest that guilt may exacerbate grief through avoidance and repetitive negative thinking processes, identifying potential mechanisms that may serve as targets for prevention and intervention efforts.
- Cohesion, adaptability, and gender across the marital cyclePublication . Abreu-Afonso, José de; Leal, Isabel; Proença, VeraThis paper evaluates cohesion and adaptability over the course of marital relationships. The couple version of the FACES-III scale by D. H. Olson, J. Portner, and Y. Lavee (1985) was used, adapted and validated for the Portuguese population by Abreu-Afonso and Leal (2016). The sample consisted of 185 couples at different stages of the marital cycle. The results revealed gender similarities in the perception of cohesion and adaptability. However, women expressed a greater desire for adaptability. At the formation stage of the couple, women showed higher ideal cohesion compared with women in other stages of the life cycle, whereas women in old age exhibited the opposite pattern. Across the marital cycle, when comparing cohabitation with marriage, men in cohabiting relationships demonstrated higher cohesion and adaptability, and women also displayed higher cohesion.
- "Burnout and work-family conflict in portuguese teachers"Publication . Moreira, Ana; Esfola, Margarida; Pozuelo, Beatriz; Pinto, Catarina; Carvalho, Sofia; Esteves, JoanaThis paper aims to understand the relationship between work-family conflict and burnout in teachers. Studying and understanding this problem, which is worsening in society with negative repercussions, is extremely important. To go beyond empirical evidence, we created a questionnaire for teachers to get a more personal perspective. In this way, we obtained a total of 65 participants, all of them teachers in Portugal. Descriptive statistics were carried out on the questions asked, and it can be concluded that Portuguese teachers have high levels of burnout, which causes them excessive physical and mental tiredness, insomnia, and fatigue. The leading causes are the ex
- Ethical leadership and employee well-being: The moderating effect of interaction with the managerPublication . Palma-Moreira, AnaThe main objective of this research was to study the impact of ethical leadership on employee well-being and whether this relationship is moderated by interaction with the manager. The study sample consisted of 131 participants working in Portuguese organizations. The hypotheses were tested using SPSS and Macro Process. The results indicate that ethical leadership is positively and significantly associated with well-being and that interaction with the manager moderates this relationship. For participants with a high level of interaction with their manager, when compared to participants with a low level of interaction with their manager, ethical leadership is relevant to boosting their well-being. Interaction with the manager plays a crucial moderating role and can strengthen or weaken the relationship between ethical leadership and employee well-being. Therefore, for ethical leadership to reach its full potential, it is essential to ensure that interactions between leaders and employees are high quality and frequent.
- Daily uncertainty may overshadow the role of perceived manager effectiveness on daily performance via experienced daily positive affect: A multilevel studyPublication . Junça‐Silva, Ana; Caetano, AntónioObjectives: In this study, we expand on the existing work on daily performance by focusing on (1) within‐person fluctuation in perceived manager effectiveness in relation to daily positive affective experiences and daily performance and (2) between‐person fluctuations in uncertainty as a relevant boundary condition of these relationships. Methods: Multilevel data from 101 managers (1,010 measurement occasions) were used to test the hypotheses. Results: The results showed that fluctuations in the perception of a manager's effectiveness related positively to daily positive affective experiences, and this relationship was moderated by the team member's uncertainty levels in such a way that perceived uncertainty buffered the positive effect of leadership effectiveness on positive affective experiences. Further, the findings evidenced a positive association between daily positive affective experiences and daily performance. Finally, results showed a significant indirect effect from perceived manager's effectiveness to daily fluctuations in performance via daily fluctuations in positive affective experiences. Conclusions: Perceived manager's effectiveness made employees feel more positive affective experiences, which contributed to their daily performance. However, uncertainty overshadows the influence of a manager's effectiveness on their workers' positive affective experiences. We discuss implications for theory and practice.
- Toxic leadership and turnover Intentions: The role of Burnout SyndromePublication . Palma-Moreira, Ana; Nunes, AbiúdThis study aimed to test the effect of toxic leadership on exit intentions and whether burnout syndrome mediates this relationship. This study's sample consists of 309 participants who work in organizations based in Portugal and Angola. The results indicate that toxic leadership positively and significantly affects burnout syndrome and exit intentions. As for burnout, only the disengagement dimension positively and significantly affects turnover intentions. Disengagement partially mediates the relationship between toxic leadership and exit intentions for participants working in Portugal and a total mediation effect for participants working in Angola. Organizations should be concerned about the leadership style adopted by their leaders, because if there is a toxic leader, this will lead to burnout syndrome in their subordinates and cause them to leave the organization, since turnover intentions are the best predictor of voluntary departure from the organization.
- Understanding the support dynamics for LGBTI + youth in Spain during and after the COVID‐19 pandemicPublication . Platero, Lucas; Gallardo‐Nieto, Elena; Blanco‐Fuente, Irene; López‐Sáez, Miguel ÁngelThis qualitative study explores the experiences of LGBTI+ youth in Spain during the COVID‐19 pandemic, focusing on family, social, educational and healthcare support mechanisms. The findings, based on five focus groups, highlight the pivotal role of family support during the pandemic, increased isolation and a reliance on online connections, the challenge of transitioning to online school platforms and insufficient understanding amongst healthcare professionals. The study examines adult and institutional support structures in relation to the complexities of LGBTI+ youth experiences beyond heteronormative and cisgender paradigms. It advocates applying a child‐centric approach to policies and services tailored to LGBTI+ youth needs.
- Parental emotional support, family functioning and children's quality of lifePublication . Gaspar, Tania; Cerqueira, Ana; Guedes, Fábio Botelho; Matos, Margarida Gaspar deThe healthy development of children and young people is strongly associated with the relationship that they establish with parents and the functioning of their family as a whole, with a special focus on the affective relationship between parents and children. One aspect that has more influence on the well-being and quality of life of children is the affective relationship and family dynamics, so, to deepen knowledge in this area, our study aims to understand and characterize the role of parents’ emotional support in their children’s quality of life. It is also intended to understand this relationship by taking into account the family functioning style. The sample included 1757 parents of children aged 6 to 16 years, 77.3% female (n = 1359) and 22.7% male (n = 398), aged between 20 and 80 years (M = 41.61 and SD = 5.71). We used a sociodemographic questionnaire and other instruments in order to measure parental styles, family functioning style, and parents’ perception of the children’s quality of life. Results show that parenting styles, namely, emotional support, and family functioning are influenced by parents’ gender and age. Parental emotional support is better explained by the positive association with control attempt, family cohesion and commitment, and parent’s perception of quality of life, and negative associated to gender (male), rejection and coping strategies. Implications for research, prevention, and psychological intervention in relation to parental skills and family functioning are presented in order to promote children quality of life and health development.
- Applying an adapted theory of planned behavior to visiting art exhibitionsPublication . Duarte, António M.; Konstantinidi, Niki P.; Rocha, Teresa A.The objective was to test the applicability of an adapted form of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to the behavior of visiting art exhibitions. A sample responded to a questionnaire on intention and behavior to visit art exhibitions, and on attitudes, subjective social norms, perceived behavioral control and motives related to such behavior. After an exploratory principal components analysis and a reliability analysis, a path analysis was used to test the previewed model. Responses to an additional open question on motives were subjected to thematic analysis. Results partially confirmed the application of TPB to visiting art exhibitions, with subjective social norms, perceived behavioral control and motives with an indirect significant effect on behavior mediated by intention. Subjective social norm had also a significant effect on behavior, while a gap was found between the latter and intention. Furthermore, a variety of motives for visiting art exhibitions were identified. Results help to understand and suggest ways to reduce the mentioned gap and increase the behavior of visiting art exhibitions, considering its potential for personal development and quality of life