Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2025-02"
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- Fatores psicológicos e familiares nos comportamentos autolesivos dos adolescentes: Da compreensão à intervenção em contexto escolarPublication . Candeias, Maria de Jesus Canelas; Pereira, Maria GouveiaOs comportamentos autolesivos são um grave problema de saúde pública, especialmente entre adolescentes e jovens adultos, necessitando de intervenções preventivas eficazes. Estes comportamentos são influenciados por variáveis sociodemográficas, individuais e relacionais, sendo fundamental compreender melhor o papel dessas variáveis na promoção deste comportamento e desenvolver programas preventivos, particularmente em contextos escolares. Esta tese analisou como é que variáveis sociodemográficas (sexo e idade), individuais (perturbação de personalidade borderline, impulsividade e ideação suicida) e relacionais (funcionamento familiar) contribuem para os comportamentos autolesivos, bem como explora os mecanismos que ligam o funcionamento familiar a estes comportamentos. Para além disso, foi desenvolvido e avaliado um programa de intervenção escolar para adolescentes, professores e auxiliares educativos, com o objetivo de reduzir a prevalência de comportamentos autolesivos. O primeiro estudo validou a versão original da escala Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children para adolescentes, resultando na versão BPFSC-12, composta por 12 itens organizados em quatro fatores de primeira ordem (Instabilidade Afetiva, Problemas de Identidade, Relacionamentos Negativos e Autoagressão) e um fator de segunda ordem, "Características de Personalidade Borderline". Esta versão revelou-se uma medida válida e fiável para a deteção precoce de perturbação de personalidade borderline em adolescentes. O segundo estudo explorou, a contribuição de variáveis sociodemográficas, relacionais e individuais para os comportamentos autolesivos. Observou-se que o género e a idade são preditores significativos, com as raparigas apresentando maior risco. No entanto, fatores intrapessoais, como a perturbação de personalidade borderline e a ideação suicida, mostraram um impacto mais forte na predisposição para estes comportamentos do que o funcionamento familiar. O terceiro estudo investigou se a perturbação de personalidade borderline e a ideação suicida atuam como mediadores entre o funcionamento familiar e os comportamentos autolesivos. Verificou-se que ambos desempenham papéis mediadores significativos, com a ideação suicida como mediador total e a perturbação de personalidade borderline como mediador parcial. A mediação em série indicou que a relação entre o funcionamento familiar e os comportamentos autolesivos é totalmente mediada pela perturbação da personalidade borderline e pela ideação suicida. No âmbito das intervenções, o programa “Healthy Minds” foi desenvolvido para prevenir comportamentos autolesivos em adolescentes em contexto escolar. O programa mostrou-se eficaz na redução das taxas destes comportamentos, na correção de crenças erradas, e na promoção da procura de ajuda profissional, embora sem impacto significativo no reconhecimento de sinais de alerta e na ideação suicida. Adicionalmente, foi implementado um programa de formação para professores e auxiliares educativos, capacitando-os para identificar e intervir em casos de comportamentos autolesivos. A intervenção mostrou-se eficaz na redução de falsas crenças, no aumento da capacidade de reconhecer sinais de alerta e na promoção de atitudes mais adaptativas em relação a estes comportamentos. Em conclusão, esta tese contribui para a compreensão dos comportamentos autolesivos, destacando a importância de considerar tanto variáveis intrapessoais (como a perturbação de personalidade borderline e a ideação suicida) quanto relacionais (como o funcionamento familiar). Reforça a necessidade de estratégias preventivas contínuas e integradas para reduzir a prevalência destes comportamentos e promover o bem-estar dos adolescentes, sublinhando a importância de programas eficazes em contexto escolar.
- Coping and positive body image in young women with breast cancer: The buffering role of social supportPublication . Almeida, Márcia; Griff, Maria Inês; Pais Brandão, Tânia RaquelBackground/Objectives: Considering the unique body image challenges faced by young women with breast cancer, this study aims to deepen our understanding of how coping strategies and perceived social support contribute to fostering positive body image in this population. This is an important issue as body image is capable of influencing women’s self-esteem and psychological adaptation to breast cancer. Methods: A sample of 157 young women with breast cancer (M age = 41.43; SD = 6.05; Min 26 years, Max 50 years), 43% of whom had undergone breast reconstruction, completed an online survey. The survey included measures of coping strategies, positive body image, and perceived social support. Results: No significant differences in coping strategies, perceived social support, or positive body image were observed based on reconstruction status. Moderation analyses revealed that both avoidant and problem-focused coping were significantly associated with positive body image at moderate and high levels of perceived social support, but not at low levels of perceived social support. Perceived social support moderated the relationship between coping strategies and positive body image in women with breast cancer. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of social support in enhancing the effectiveness of both avoidant and problem-focused coping strategies in promoting positive body image. Future interventions should prioritize strengthening social support networks to optimize psychological outcomes in this population.
- Religion and emotion regulation: A systematic review of quantitative studiesPublication . Pais Brandão, Tânia RaquelAbstract The association between religion/spirituality and emotion regulation has been the subject of growing interest in the last years since studies have suggested that emotion regulation is likely to be shaped by religion/spirituality. The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the quantitative empirical studies toward understanding the relationship between religion/spirituality and emotion regulation. Database searches were conducted in different databases from inception to March 2022 using relevant search terms. Quantitative studies exploring the role of religion/spirituality on emotion regulation were included in this review. Of 887 abstracts identified only 15 studies were deemed eligible for inclusion. Studies were organized in terms of associations between religion/spirituality and emotion regulation according to religious affiliation, associations between religion/spirituality and emotion regulation regardless of religious affiliation, and emotion regulation as a mediator between religion/spirituality and several psychological-related outcomes. Overall, the findings revealed small to moderate associations between religion and emotion regulation, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.13 to 0.50 for cognitive reappraisal, 0.08 to − 0.72 for expressive suppression, and − 0.09 to 0.56 for other emotion regulation dimensions. Furthermore, most studies highlighted emotion regulation as a key mechanism linking religion/spirituality to psychological outcomes across diverse contexts. Differences in emotion regulation strategies have been examined in a few religious affiliations and most of the studies explored the link between religion/spirituality and emotion regulation regardless of religious affiliation.
- Exploring links between green HRM, greenwashing, and sustainability: The role of individual and professional TraitsPublication . Cesário, Francisco; Sabino, Ana; Palma-Moreira, Ana; Pinto-Coelho, MafaldaThis study aims to investigate the influence of Green Human Resources Management practices and greenwashing on the three pillars of sustainability—social, environmental, and economic. The moderating role of age and gender as individual characteristics and managerial position and sector as professional characteristics is also analyzed. A convenience sample of 232 respondents was used. Path analysis was employed to assess hypothesized relationships in the proposed model. Results suggest that different Green Human Resources Management practices influence social, environmental, and economic dimensions and individual and professional characteristics play a pivotal role in this relationship. Specifically, it is important to highlight the importance of green performance management and rewards and the non-significant influence of green training. Greenwashing seems to be a determinant of social and economic sustainability. The results emphasize that, for organizations to boost their employees’ perception of the three pillars of organizational sustainability, they must be aware of the specificities of their workforce and act accordingly. This work is relevant because it emphasizes the unique role of each GHRM practice as an antecedent of sustainability. It also contributes to the understanding that specific individual and professional characteristics affect the employees’ perception of sustainability.
- Effectiveness of empower-grief for relatives of palliative care patients: Protocol for an exploratory randomized controlled trial.Publication . Neto, David Dias; Coelho, Alexandra; Albuquerque, Sara; Silva, Ana Nunes da; PsychOpenBackground: Grief reactions of relatives of palliative care patients are seldom addressed. Most interventions focus on Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) and not on its prevention. This is particularly relevant in palliative care, in which death is the result of a difficult period of a terminal illness, making caregivers particularly vulnerable to psychological distress. The purpose of the present exploratory trial is to test the efficacy of a selective intervention (Empower-Grief) for the initial problematic grief reactions and to study potential predictors of adherence and efficacy. Method: This is an exploratory Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) studying Empower-Grief compared with Treatment as Usual (TAU). Participants will be relatives or caregivers of palliative and oncological patients with initial indicators of risk of developing PGD and will be randomly allocated to Empower-Grief and TAU. Participants will be assessed prior, at the end and six months after the intervention. The primary outcome considered will be symptoms of PGD. The assessment includes measures of anxiety and depression, coping, attachment, psychological flexibility, posttraumatic growth, social support and therapeutic alliance. Results: The trial is ongoing. Forty-four participants will be invited to participate. Conclusion: This study addresses the need for the development of empirically grounded and feasible interventions aimed at dealing with initial problematic reactions in grief, exploring potential predictors and possible venues for personalizing intervention and understanding the mechanism through which these interventions operate.