Browsing by Author "Maitner, Angela T."
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- Familiarity can increase stereotypingPublication . Smith, Elliot R.; Miller, Daniel A.; Maitner, Angela T.; Crump, Sara A.; Garcia-Marques, Teresa; Mackie, Diane M.Two experiments show that repeated exposure to information about a target person reduces individuation and thereby increases stereotyping of the target person based on social group memberships. The eVect is not due to familiarity-induced liking (the mere exposure eVect), nor is it mediated by increased accessibility of the target’s social category, nor by increases in perceived social judgeability. The results are most consistent with the use of feelings of familiarity as a regulator of processing mode, such that familiar objects receive less systematic or analytic processing. In everyday life, frequent exposure to another person ordinarily produces not only familiarity but also liking, individuated knowledge, and friendship, factors that may eVectively limit stereotyping. But when previous exposure is unconfounded from these other factors, its eVect can be to increase stereotyping.
- Moderation of the familiarity-stereotyping effect: The role of stereotype fitPublication . Garcia-Marques, Teresa; Mackie, Diane M.; Maitner, Angela T.; Claypool, Heather M.Research has shown that familiarity induced by prior exposure can decrease analytic processing and increase reliance on heuristic processing, including the use of stereotypes (the familiarity-stereotyping effect). We hypothesize that the familiarity-stereotyping effect will occur only when a stereotype provides information that fits with the judgmental context. When a stereotype and other encountered information are inconsistent with one another, heuristic processing will be disrupted and the familiarity-stereotyping effect will be eliminated. To test this hypothesis, we replicated two experiments from Garcia-Marques and Mackie (2007), manipulating the level of familiarity of information and the stereotypic fit of a suspect’s occupation to a crime context. Prior exposure to both categorical information (Study 1) and criminal evidence (Study 2) increased stereotyping and decreased analytic consideration of the evidence, but only when the suspect’s occupation was stereotypically consistent with the crime.