Browsing by Author "Costa, Pedro Alexandre"
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- 1st international conference on LGBT psychology and related fieldsPublication . Pereira, Henrique Marques; Costa, Pedro AlexandreDuring the last decades there has been an increase in the theoretical and empirical body of knowledge in LGBT Psychologyandrelatedfields. However, thisnew bodyof knowledgeis still somewhatdispersedandnot widespread, which makes the process of affirming LGBT topics very difficult in the current international scientific scenario.
- Adaptação das versões completa e breve da Escala de Relação Coparental (ERC) em uma amostra comunitária de pais e mães portuguesesPublication . Leal, Isabel Maria Pereira; Tasker, Fiona; Garcia, Inês Queiroz; Costa, Pedro AlexandreA Escala de Relação Coparental (ERC) é uma das medidas mais utilizadas para avaliar a relação de coparentalidade. Pretendeu-se avaliar as propriedades psicométricas das versões completa e breve da ERC numa amostra comunitária de 779 pais e mães portugueses, com idades entre os 23 e os 65 anos (M = 42.73; DP = 5.27). As análises fatoriais confirmatórias forneceram evidências de um bom ajustamento dos dados, fiabilidade interna e validade convergente, ainda que em ambas as versões tenha sido eliminada a dimensão Divisão de tarefas parentais. Quando à validade discriminante, duas das sete dimensões – Acordo nas práticas parentais e Suporte coparental – não evidenciaram validade discriminante. A validade concorrente também foi testada e confirmada através das correlações entre das dimensões da ERC e as dimensões da RDAS (ajustamento diádico) e do SDQ (ajustamento infantil).
- Adaptação dos inventários de sexismo moderno para Portugal : O Inventário de Sexismo Ambivalente e o Inventário de Ambivalência em Relação aos HomensPublication . Costa, Pedro Alexandre; Oliveira, Raquel Lara Velez; Pereira, Henrique Marques; Leal, Isabel PereiraA relação entre homens e mulheres é única e composta por desigualdade e preconceito dirigido aos membros do sexo oposto. Enquanto a forma hostil de sexismo foi já muito estudada, o sexismo moderno é caracterizado pela simultaneidade de formas hostis e benevolentes de preconceito, e por isso conceitualizado como Sexismo Ambivalente. O objetivo deste estudo foi adaptar o Inventário de Sexismo Ambivalente (ASI) e o Inventário de Ambivalência em relação aos Homens (AMI) para a população Portuguesa, e avaliar as suas propriedades psicométricas. Ambos os inventários foram administrados a 258 estudantes universitários (31% homens e 69% mulheres), com uma média de idade de 27 anos. As análises fatoriais confirmatórias revelaram evidência da multidimensionalidade de ambos os inventários, validade fatorial, convergente e discriminante, e fiabilidade interna. Os homens revelaram níveis mais elevados de hostilidade e de benevolência dirigido às mulheres, as mulheres revelaram maiores níveis de hostilidade dirigida aos homens. A hostilidade em relação aos homens aumentou com a idade, enquanto a benevolência diminuiu. O preconceito hostil e benevolente foi maior em pessoas com menos anos de escolaridade. Religiosidade correlacionou significativamente com os índices de sexismo benevolente. Foi assim demonstrada a validade e confiabilidade da adaptação dos Inventários de Sexismo Moderno em Portugal.
- Adaptação e desenvolvimento de um inventário de comportamentos parentaisPublication . Costa, Pedro Alexandre; Pereira, Henrique Marques; Leal, Isabel PereiraObjetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi desenvolver uma versão Portuguesa de um Inventário de Comportamentos Parentais. Este inventário pretende avaliar a frequência de diferentes práticas e comportamentos parentais, classificados em duas dimensões de Parentalidade Positiva e Parentalidade Opressiva. Método: Os participantes (253 mães e 92 pais) responderam um questionário online em que constava este inventário, uma escala de ansiedade depressão e stress, e um questionário sobre problemas de saúde e de saúde mental no agregado. Resultados: A análise fatorial confirmatória do inventário revelou evidência de um modelo sólido de nove dimensões de comportamentos, assim como de um modelo de segunda ordem consistindo nas dimensões positiva e opressiva de parentalidade. Foram encontradas associações positivas entre a adoção de comportamentos educativos opressivos ou ineficazes com problemas de saúde e de saúde mental, e negativas entre a existência de problemáticas e comportamentos parentais de reforço positivo e autonomia. Foi também observado que os pais, em comparação com as mães, tendem a usar mais disciplina e disciplina inconsistente quando têm filhos de ambos os sexos. Conclusão: Tendo em conta a falta de instrumentos de práticas parentais em Portugal, este pode ser um importante inventário para avaliar a relação entre os comportamentos parentais e os problemas de comportamento infantil. ------ ABSTRACT ------ Aim: The purpose of the present study was to develop a Portuguese version of a Parenting Behaviour Inventory. This inventory aims to evaluate the frequency of different parenting practices and behaviours, classified into two dimensions of Positive Parenting and Oppressive Parenting. Method: Participants (253 mothers and 92 fathers) responded to an online questionnaire which consisted of this inventory, a scale of depression stress and anxiety, and a questionnaire of health and mental health related problems in the household. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis of the inventory revealed evidence of a solid model of nine behavioural dimensions, as well as of a second-order model consisting of a positive and an oppressive parenting dimension. Significant positive associations were found between the adoption of ineffective or oppressive childrearing behaviours with health and mental health problems; and negative associations between these problems and positive childrearing behaviours. It was also found that fathers tended to use more disciplinary and inconsistent disciplinary behaviours when they had children of both genders. Conclusion: Considering the lack of instruments to evaluate parenting practices in Portugal, this can be an important measure to assess the relationship between parenting behaviours and child behaviour problems.
- A adesão ao duplo padrão sexual em jovens adultos em função do género e da orientação sexualPublication . Almeida, Ricardo; Carvalheira, Ana; Costa, Pedro Alexandre
- An item-level analysis of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist and the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and Its associations with challenge to core beliefs and ruminationPublication . Ramos, Catarina; Leal, Isabel Maria Pereira; Costa, Pedro Alexandre; Tapadinhas, Ana Rosa; Tedeschi, Richard G.Background: Previous studies have found that rumination and challenge to core beliefs may have a predictive effect on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Posttraumatic Growth (PTG) among different samples. In addition, there is some evidence that these variables have different effects on PTSD and PTG, although the latter construct has been the target of a larger body of research and theoretical models. The main objective of the current study is to examine the effect of challenge to core beliefs, intrusive rumination, and deliberate rumination on PTSD and PTG, through an item-level analyses. Methods: The sample was composed of 205 Portuguese women who had been given a breast cancer diagnosis (M = 54.32, SD = 10.05), and who completed the following self-administered questionnaires: the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-C); the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI); the Core Beliefs Inventory; and the Event Related Rumination Inventory. Two multivariate multiple regression analyses, using each item of the PCL-C and the PTGI as dependent variables, were conducted. Results: The results demonstrated that challenges to core beliefs predict 17 of the 21 PTGI items and 12 of the 17 PCL-C items. All but one item of the PCL-C are predicted by intrusive rumination, while the variance of only 4 items of the PTGI are explained by deliberate rumination. Conclusion: These findings indicate that women with breast cancer who tend to display higher levels of intrusive rumination are more likely to report PTSD symptoms, and that an examination of one's core beliefs is predictor of both positive and negative outcomes. In spite of the proven effect of challenge to core beliefs on both variables, this study suggests that this effect has only a minor influence on PTSD, in addition to confirming its major impact on PTG.
- Andropause representations: A mixed-methods study with portuguese womenPublication . Pimenta, Filipa; Meireles Ramos, Maria; Silva, Carolina; Costa, Pedro Alexandre; Queiroz-Garcia, Inês; Maroco, J. P.; Leal, I.Uma vez que os fatores psicossociais têm algum impacto sobre a andropausa, e esse fenómeno pode afetar as relações conjugais (e as mulheres tendem a procurar informação sobre saúde), torna-se importante estudar as representações da andropausa empregando o Modelo de Senso Comum – um modelo usado para entender as representações de menopausa. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as representações de mulheres portuguesas sobre a andropausa, a adequação do modelo de senso comum para explicar essas representações e explorar as diferenças entre participantes com diferentes características (e.g., nível de escolaridade), em relação às representações da andropausa. Trinta mulheres foram entrevistas e posteriormente as entrevistas foram analisadas através da análise de conteúdo qualitativa dirigida. Uma análise de correspondência múltipla explorou a associação entre as categorias emergentes. Os testes U de Mann-Whitney foram realizados para testar as diferenças em relação à frequência das categorias emergentes. A Identidade indefinida foi a característica mais citada em relação à Identidade, enquanto que a Função Sexual foi a Consequência Negativa mais mencionada; poucas Consequências Positivas foram mencionadas, sendo a Ausência de consequências positivas e a Falta de informação as mais frequentes. Foram encontrados dois modelos bidimensionais – um para a Identidade da Andropausa: (1) Mudanças relacionadas com o envelhecimento e (2) Mudanças sexuais/Falta de informação; a outra para Consequências Negativas: (1) Sintomas/Problemas de saúde e (2) Depressão/Falta de informação. Não foram encontradas diferenças na frequência das representações da andropausa entre mulheres com características diferentes (e.g., com um relacionamento romântico vs. sem um relacionamento romântico). A adequação do Modelo de Senso Comum para explicar as representações da andropausa dessas mulheres não diferiu entre os participantes com características distintas. Esta investigação pode ajudar os profissionais de saúde a desenvolverem intervenções mais compreensivas (com base neste modelo teórico), a fim de ajudar os casais a compreender e lidar melhor com a andropausa.
- Are the children alright? A systematic review of psychological adjustment of children conceived by assisted reproductive technologiesPublication . Carneiro, Francis Anne Teplitzky; Leong, Valéria; Nóbrega, Sara; Salinas-Quiroz, Fernando; Costa, Pedro Alexandre; Leal, IsabelThe present systematic review aims to assess the psychological adjustment of children born through assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) and to screen for clinical problems when compared with normative data from the standardized indexes of mental health. Following PRISMA guidelines, the search was conducted from inception through September 2021 using APA PsycInfo, APA PsycArticles, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection, Academic Search Complete, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Scielo, and RCAAP. Search terms related to ART and children’s psychological adjustment were combined to Boolean operators to identify relevant published studies in English, French, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish. Peer-reviewed studies focused on the psychological adjustment of ART children aged between the 3 and 11 years were included. From a total of 337 results, 45 papers were eligible to be included in this review. Data extraction was performed independently by two authors and revised and confrmed by other two authors. All children scored below the clinical range for psychiatric symptoms when compared with normative data for the Strengths and Difculties Questionnaire (SDQ) or the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA), regardless of type of ART and diferent family confgurations. Further, some evidence suggests that surrogacy children with gay fathers present the lowest levels of psychological problems when compared to normative data. These fndings enable practitioners to develop an informed view of ART children mental health outcomes to help parents fnd more adaptive strategies to navigate their chosen pathways in healthier ways
- Attitudes toward Lesbians, Gay Men, and their rights in a sample of ecuadorian cisgender men and womenPublication . Hermosa-Bosano, Carlos; Hidalgo-Andrade, Paula; Olaya-Torres, Adriana Julieth; Duque Romero, Claudia; Costa, Pedro Alexandre; Salinas-Quiroz, FernandoSince 1997, Ecuador has undergone a series of changes to ensure family rights to sexual minorities. However, there is still limited research regarding attitudes toward them. This study focused on the attitudes toward lesbians (L), gay men (G), and their rights. A sample of 318 cisgender Ecuadorians who responded to an online survey was recruited. Analyses indicated that men, heterosexuals, who practice their religion, attend more frequently to religious services, and identify as conservative showed higher levels of prejudice against LG as well as less support toward their rights. Further, participants who did not have LG acquaintances, friends, family members, and those who did not know any LG parented family showed less support toward these populations. Multiple regression analyses indicated that believing that a person’s sexual orientation is learned significantly predicted the attitudes measured in our study. Implications of these findings to help reduce prejudice against LG individuals are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Homosexuality is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Can children have ordinary expectable caregiving environments in unconventional contexts? Quality of care organization in three mexican same-sex planned familiesPublication . Queiroz, Fernando Salinas; Sánchez, Fabiola Rodríguez; Costa, Pedro Alexandre; Rosales, Mariana; Silva, Paola; Cambón, VerónicaThe aim of this research was to explore the elements that configure the quality of care among three Mexican same-sex planned families: two female-parented families (through donor insemination) and a male-parented one (through adoption). The first family consisted of two mothers and a 3-year-old daughter; the second one had two mothers and a 1.5-year-old set of boy twins and the third family consisted of two fathers and a 2-year-old girl. It was assumed that Ainsworth’s notions of quality of care organization are useful in order to understand caregiver–child attachment relationships, regardless of the parents’ sexual orientation. A collective case study was selected due to the fact that these families shared their “unconventionality” (i.e., parents were not heterosexual) and the fact that they were planned, but each one constituted a particular case with a unique configuration. Four trained independent observers used the q-sort methodology (Maternal Behavior Q-Sort and Attachment Q-Sort) to describe parents’ and children’s behavior, respectively. The findings showed that parents were highly sensitive and all children used them as a secure base. To provide an in-depth examination of which elements configure the quality of care, a semi-structured interview with each parent was carried out. Through a thematic analysis, an over-arching theme named Affections and Emotions was identified, together with six subthemes: (1) Creating an affective environment; (2) Being available; (3) Acknowledging and expressing emotions; (4) Perceiving, interpreting and responding adequately to the child’s real self; (5) Taking the child’s perspective into account; and (6) Agreeing on roles and dividing the tasks. In order to showcase the particular configuration of gay parenting, the male-headed family narrative is reported in detail, because gay parents have been perceived as violating traditional gender roles as well as the hegemonic model of masculinity. The findings were consistent with the notion of quality of care as proposed by Ainsworth and her collaborators. The implications of the methodological device and research regarding same-sex planned families are discussed so as to understand the organization of the caregiving environment.