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Organização etária dos grupos em educação pré-escolar reflexões sobre a gestão de um grupo etário homogéneo
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O tema do presente relatório trata a organização etária dos grupos em Educação Pré-Escolar, aprofundando a reflexão sobre o modo como um grupo etário homogéneo é gerido. Foram colocadas quatro questões orientadoras sobre o tema considerando como principal objetivo compreender quais as características e específicidades (vantagens e desvantagens) da organização de um grupo homogéneo por idades através da análise das interações criança-criança, da organização do ambiente educativo, bem como do papel do educador.
O estudo desenvolvido foi de origem qualitativa, na qual foram utilizadas como abordagens metodológicas para a recolha de informações a observação naturalista não-participante, a observação sistemática, os registos escritos em notas de campo, as conversas informais com a Educadora Cooperante e os três inquéritos por questionário aos Educadores de Infância da instituição onde ocorreu a Prática Supervisionada em Jardim de Infância, cujo grupo era constituído por vinte crianças com quatro anos de idade.
Durante o estudo verificou-se que os Educadores de Infância que atuam com uma organização de grupos etários homogéneos apontam, maioritariamente, vantagens quanto à ação educativa e planeamento do ambiente educativo/sala. Constataram-se inúmeras desvantagens quanto ao nível do desenvolvimento global de cada criança através das interações entre pares da mesma idade. Verificou-se, também, que perante um grupo homogéneo em idades, os Educadores de Infância tendem a focar a sua abordagem no papel do adulto como dinamizador de todas as aprendizagens e, consequentemente a uniformizar as aprendizagens das crianças.
The theme of this report has to do with the age organization of groups in Pre-School Education, making a special enphasis in the reflection on how a homogeneous age group is managed. Four specific questions were asked on the topic, considering as the main objective to understand the characteristics and specificities (advantages and disadvantages) of the organization of a homogeneous group by ages through the analysis of a child to child interaction, the organization of the educational environment, as well as the role of the educator. The study carried out was of based on quality, in which non-participant natural observation, systematic observation, records written in field notes, informal conversations with the Main Educator and the three surveys were used as methodological approaches, for the collection of information. through a questionnaire to the Kindergarten Educators of the institution where the Supervised Practice in Kindergarten occured, whose group was constituted by twenty children with four years of age. During the study it was found that Kindergarten Educators who work with an organization of homogeneous age groups mostly point out advantages regarding educational action and planning of the educational environment/classroom. There were numerous disadvantages regarding the level of the global development of each child through interactions between peers of the same age. It was also found that in the face of a homogeneous group in ages, Kindergarten Educators tend to focus their approach on the role of the adult as a driver of all learning and, consequently, to standardize children's learning.
The theme of this report has to do with the age organization of groups in Pre-School Education, making a special enphasis in the reflection on how a homogeneous age group is managed. Four specific questions were asked on the topic, considering as the main objective to understand the characteristics and specificities (advantages and disadvantages) of the organization of a homogeneous group by ages through the analysis of a child to child interaction, the organization of the educational environment, as well as the role of the educator. The study carried out was of based on quality, in which non-participant natural observation, systematic observation, records written in field notes, informal conversations with the Main Educator and the three surveys were used as methodological approaches, for the collection of information. through a questionnaire to the Kindergarten Educators of the institution where the Supervised Practice in Kindergarten occured, whose group was constituted by twenty children with four years of age. During the study it was found that Kindergarten Educators who work with an organization of homogeneous age groups mostly point out advantages regarding educational action and planning of the educational environment/classroom. There were numerous disadvantages regarding the level of the global development of each child through interactions between peers of the same age. It was also found that in the face of a homogeneous group in ages, Kindergarten Educators tend to focus their approach on the role of the adult as a driver of all learning and, consequently, to standardize children's learning.
Description
Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada rapresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário/ESEI Maria Ulrich para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar
Keywords
Educação pré-escolar Grupos etários homogéneos Interações Gestão educativa Pre-school education Homogeneous age groups Interactions Educational management