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Publication
The role of child’s age, sex, and temperament in father involvement during the pre-school years
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
(1) Background: The aim of the study was to explore how child’s characteristics (age, sex,
and temperament) were associated with father’s involvement in child-related activities. In a sample of
410 bi-parental families with pre-school age children. (2) Methods: Dividing the sample into two age
groups, OLS regression models were conducted for each dimension of father involvement with child
characteristics as predicting variables. (3) Results: for the younger children (3 and 4 years) fathers
were more involved in teaching/discipline and played with their more extroverted daughters. With
older children (5 and 6 years), fathers were more involved in teaching/discipline and played when
children were higher on negative-affectivity. An interaction was found with boys’ higher negativeaffectivity,
predicting fathers’ higher involvement in teaching and discipline. (4) Conclusions: Our
results suggest that children’s characteristics have an impact on what fathers do, particularly in
a dimension salient to pre-school years such as teaching/discipline. This can help build tailored
empirical-sustained programs aiming to encourage and support fathers’ positive involvement.
Description
Keywords
Father involvement Child’s age Child’s sex Child’s temperament Preschool
Citation
Santos, C., Monteiro, L., & Torres, N. (2022). The role of child’s age, sex, and temperament in father involvement during the pre-school years. Children, 9(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/children9091327
Publisher
MDPI Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute