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Atitudes da comunidade face às pessoas com doença mental
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Abstract(s)
O estigma é um atributo ou uma marca desvalorizante que torna o indivíduo que o possui diferente dos outros e reduzido a essa característica. A estigmatização das pessoas com experiência de doença mental tem consequências quer a nível pessoal, quer a nível público. O objectivo deste estudo qualitativo é descrever as atitudes da comunidade face às pessoas com doença mental, considerando o género e a idade dos participantes. Os 50 participantes (25 do sexo feminino) com idades compreendidas entre os 20 e os 55 anos completaram a Escala de Atitudes da Comunidade face ao Doente Mental (Taylor & Dear, 1981). A amostra revelou-se autoritária e socialmente restritiva em relação às pessoas com doença mental e, simultaneamente, menos benevolente e próxima de uma ideologia comunitária de saúde mental. Os participantes do sexo masculino mais velhos são os mais autoritários, benevolentes e socialmente restritivos. Os participantes mais jovens e de ambos os sexos identificam-se mais com a ideologia comunitária. Perante estes resultados, reflectimos sobre um modelo de campanhas anti-estigma baseado em estratégias de redução do estigma – protesto, educação e contacto.
ABSTRACT: Stigma is an attribute or a mark of devaluation that makes the individual who possesses it different from others and reduced to that characteristic. Stigmatization of people with mental illness experience has personal and public consequences. The purpose of this qualitative study is to describe community attitudes towards the mentally ill, focusing on participants’ gender and age. 50 participants (25 female), with ages between 20 and 55 years old, completed the Community Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill scale (Taylor & Dear, 1981). The sample revealed itself as authoritarian and socially restrictive towards people with mental illness and, simultaneously, with fewer signs of benevolence and proximity to a community mental health ideology. Male and older participants were the most authoritarian, benevolent and socially restrictive. Younger participants were more close to community ideology. Facing these results, a model of anti-stigma campaigns based on reducing stigma strategies – protest, education and contact – is reviewed.
ABSTRACT: Stigma is an attribute or a mark of devaluation that makes the individual who possesses it different from others and reduced to that characteristic. Stigmatization of people with mental illness experience has personal and public consequences. The purpose of this qualitative study is to describe community attitudes towards the mentally ill, focusing on participants’ gender and age. 50 participants (25 female), with ages between 20 and 55 years old, completed the Community Attitudes towards the Mentally Ill scale (Taylor & Dear, 1981). The sample revealed itself as authoritarian and socially restrictive towards people with mental illness and, simultaneously, with fewer signs of benevolence and proximity to a community mental health ideology. Male and older participants were the most authoritarian, benevolent and socially restrictive. Younger participants were more close to community ideology. Facing these results, a model of anti-stigma campaigns based on reducing stigma strategies – protest, education and contact – is reviewed.
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Estigma Estigma da doença mental Atitudes da comunidade Estratégias anti-estigma Stigma Mental illness stigma Community attitudes Anti-stigma strategies