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Publication
Precariedade no trabalho e bem-estar psicológico: o papel mediador da motivação e do significado para o trabalho
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O mundo laboral está em processo de mudança e com ele surgem novas formas de
trabalho como é o caso do trabalho precário. Simultaneamente emerge uma nova classe
social: o precariado. Associado à precariedade do trabalho está um vínculo laboral (VL)
precário e associado ao precariado estão 7 formas de insegurança laboral. Com esta
informação decorre a pertinência de estudar a relação entre a precariedade do trabalho
(PT) e o bem-estar psicológico (BEP). Na presente investigação o BEP é assumido como
uma perspectiva de funcionamento óptimo da pessoa. Focaram-se 4 objectivos:
1) Compreender a relação entre a precariedade do trabalho e o BEP; 2) Compreender a
relação entre o nível de insegurança laboral (NIL) e o BEP; 3) Testar o papel mediador
da motivação e do significado do trabalho nas duas relações referidas anteriormente; 4)
E por fim, comparar os sujeitos satisfeitos e os não satisfeitos com o seu vínculo laboral
na PT, na IL, na motivação para o trabalho, no significado do trabalho e no BEP. Para
responder aos objectivos foi realizado um estudo transversal numa amostra de 405
trabalhadores portugueses entre os 19 e os 65 anos e a recolha de dados foi feita
maioritariamente online. Os resultados indicam a existência de relações significativas
entre as variáveis preditoras (PT e NIL) e a variável critério (BEP). O significado do
trabalho e a regulação externa material explicam a relação entre a PT e o BEP, contudo o
seu peso na mediação é fraco mas fortemente significativo. O mesmo se verifica com o
significado do trabalho, a motivação intrínseca e a amotivação na relação entre a IL e o
BEP. Verificam-se diferenças significativas nas variáveis em estudo entre os sujeitos
satisfeitos e insatisfeitos com o seu vínculo laboral. As implicações destes resultados são
posteriormente discutidas, sendo ainda apresentadas sugestões de possíveis estudos
futuros.
The work world is changing and new forms of work are emerging like the precarious work. At the same time a new social class emerged: the precariat. precariousness of work (PW) is associated to an equally precarious job bond (JB) and precariat is associated with 7 forms of work insecurity. Thus, it becomes relevant to study the relationship between precariousness of work and its impact on the psychological well-being (PWB). In this research the psychological well-being is assumed as a perspective of optimal functioning of the person. Four objectives were focused: 1) Understand the relationship between PW and PWB; 2) Understand the relationship between work insecurity level (WIL) and PWB; 3) Testing if the motivation and the meaning of work are mediators of the two previous relationships ; 4) Finally, compare the satisfied workers and the unsatisfied with their job bond in PW, WI, work motivation, meaning of work and PWB. To respond to the objectives, a cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of Portuguese workers (N = 405) between 19 and 65 years old and data collection was mostly done online. The results show the existence of significant relationships between the predictor variables (PW and WIL) and the criterion variable (PWB). The meaning of work and material external regulation, explain the relationship between PT and the PWB, however their weight in mediation is weak but strongly significant. The same is observed with the meaning of work, intrinsic motivation and amotivation in the relationship between WIL and PWB. There are significant differences between satisfied workers and dissatisfied with their job bond in the variables under study. The implications of these results and suggestions for possible future studies are discussed ahead.
The work world is changing and new forms of work are emerging like the precarious work. At the same time a new social class emerged: the precariat. precariousness of work (PW) is associated to an equally precarious job bond (JB) and precariat is associated with 7 forms of work insecurity. Thus, it becomes relevant to study the relationship between precariousness of work and its impact on the psychological well-being (PWB). In this research the psychological well-being is assumed as a perspective of optimal functioning of the person. Four objectives were focused: 1) Understand the relationship between PW and PWB; 2) Understand the relationship between work insecurity level (WIL) and PWB; 3) Testing if the motivation and the meaning of work are mediators of the two previous relationships ; 4) Finally, compare the satisfied workers and the unsatisfied with their job bond in PW, WI, work motivation, meaning of work and PWB. To respond to the objectives, a cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of Portuguese workers (N = 405) between 19 and 65 years old and data collection was mostly done online. The results show the existence of significant relationships between the predictor variables (PW and WIL) and the criterion variable (PWB). The meaning of work and material external regulation, explain the relationship between PT and the PWB, however their weight in mediation is weak but strongly significant. The same is observed with the meaning of work, intrinsic motivation and amotivation in the relationship between WIL and PWB. There are significant differences between satisfied workers and dissatisfied with their job bond in the variables under study. The implications of these results and suggestions for possible future studies are discussed ahead.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado
apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para
obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de
Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Precariedade do trabalho Precariado Bem-estar psicológico Motivação para o trabalho Significado do trabalho Precarious Work Precariat Psychological well-being; Motivation for work Meaning of work