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Relação entre a qualidade da vinculação à mãe e a cognição social das crianças em idade pré-escolar
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Abstract(s)
O presente estudo analisa a relação entre a qualidade da vinculação da criança à mãe e a cognição social, revelada pela primeira em idade pré-escolar.
Os participantes foram 50 díades mãe/criança. As crianças tinham idades entre os 4 e os 5 anos, enquanto que as mães variavam entre os 20 e os 41 anos (M= 34,88 anos e DP = 4,114).
Para a recolha de dados, utilizaram-se o Attachment Behaviour Q-Set (Waters, 1987) e a Bateria de Provas Sócio-Cognitivas (Strayer, Gravel, Pagé e Biazutti, 1994). Através da análise hierárquica de clusters e das representações maternas, distinguiram-se dois grupos de crianças - seguramente e inseguramente vinculadas. Através do Coeficiente de Pearson, constatou-se que o critério score de Segurança, presente na díade, se encontrava significativamente correlacionado com a Descentração Cognitiva, a nível global (R= 0.460, p<0,05) e justificação (R= 0,433, p<0,05). Através de uma análise de variância, verificaram-se diferenças significativas, relativamente à idade, nas dimensões descentração cognitiva e afectiva. Em relação ao score de Dependência (p> 0,05), não se verificou qualquer correlação. Através da mesma correlação, observou-se que a escala Proximidade com a mãe se encontrava correlacionada com a Compreensão Pró-Social (R= -0.288, p<0.042).
Os resultados obtidos sustentam o objectivo estudado, pois constatou-se uma relação entre a qualidade da relação de vinculação e o desenvolvimento sócio-cognitivo.
ABSTRACT: The present study that aims to analyse the relation between patterns of children’s social thought and quality of attachment relationships. The participants were 50 dyads children-mothers. Children’s age ranged between 4 and 5 years and mother’s age ranged from 20 and 41 years (M= 34,88 anos e SD = 4,114). Mothers were asked to complete the Attachment Q-Set (Wtares, 1987) and the children’s social thought was evaluated throught their social interpretations of several contents. Clusters analyses of obtained Q profiles revealed two different types of attachment relationships, children’s secure and insecure attached. The Pearson’s correlation showed that secure score, present in dyad, was significantly correlated only with cognitive decentration, in global (R= 0.460, p<0,05) and justification level(R= 0,433, p<0,05). Through Anova’s analysis, significant differences happened, relatively to the age, in the dimensions cognitive and affective decentration. Regarding the dependence score (p> 0,05), any correlation happenned. Through the same correlation, it was noticed that the scale Proximity with the mother was correlated by the Prosocial Reactivity (R =-0.288, p <0.042). The obtained results support the studied objective, so there is a relation implicit between the quality of attachment and the development of social cognition.
ABSTRACT: The present study that aims to analyse the relation between patterns of children’s social thought and quality of attachment relationships. The participants were 50 dyads children-mothers. Children’s age ranged between 4 and 5 years and mother’s age ranged from 20 and 41 years (M= 34,88 anos e SD = 4,114). Mothers were asked to complete the Attachment Q-Set (Wtares, 1987) and the children’s social thought was evaluated throught their social interpretations of several contents. Clusters analyses of obtained Q profiles revealed two different types of attachment relationships, children’s secure and insecure attached. The Pearson’s correlation showed that secure score, present in dyad, was significantly correlated only with cognitive decentration, in global (R= 0.460, p<0,05) and justification level(R= 0,433, p<0,05). Through Anova’s analysis, significant differences happened, relatively to the age, in the dimensions cognitive and affective decentration. Regarding the dependence score (p> 0,05), any correlation happenned. Through the same correlation, it was noticed that the scale Proximity with the mother was correlated by the Prosocial Reactivity (R =-0.288, p <0.042). The obtained results support the studied objective, so there is a relation implicit between the quality of attachment and the development of social cognition.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada
Keywords
Vinculação Cognição social Maternal mind-mindedness Attachment Social cognition Security Maternal mind-mindedness