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Associações entre as práticas parentais, os problemas emocionais, de conduta e o comportamento pró- social em crianças do 1º Ciclo
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
As práticas parentais, definidas como os comportamentos específicos através dos
quais os pais desempenham os seus deveres parentais, é a construção parental que tem
sido teorizada para ter o impacto mais imediato na saúde mental das crianças. Existem
provas substanciais que ligam a parentalidade e os fatores de risco familiar ao
desenvolvimento de graves problemas nas crianças. Estes incluem a falta de uma relação
calorosa e positiva com os pais; apego inseguro; práticas disciplinares duras, inflexíveis,
rígidas ou inconsistentes e supervisão inadequada. Estes fatores aumentam o risco de as
crianças desenvolverem grandes problemas comportamentais e emocionais, incluindo
problemas de conduta, comportamento antissocial e desenvolvimento de comportamentos
desviantes. Em oposição se uma família manifesta processos familiares positivos,
nomeadamente relações familiares coesas, comunicações e interações positivas, e apoio
mútuo entre os membros, as crianças podem apresentar resultados positivos de
desenvolvimento bem como de comportamento pró-social.
O estudo tem como objetivos analisar possíveis associações significativas entre a
Restritividade, Afetuosidade, Problemas Emocionais, Problemas de Conduta e,
Comportamento Pró-social e verificar possíveis diferenças significativas ao nível das
diferentes variáveis em estudo entre o género masculino vs. feminino. A amostra foi
constituída por 162 mães de crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 7 e os 10 anos.
Os instrumentos utilizados foram o Child-Rearing Practices Report (CRPR) e o Strengths
and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).
Os resultados revelaram associações significativas entre as variáveis:
Afetuosidade correlacionada negativamente com os Problemas de Conduta;
Restritividade associada positivamente com os Problemas Emocionais e de Conduta das
Crianças; os Problemas de Conduta e os Problemas Emocionais associados positivamente
e por fim uma associação negativa entre os Problemas de Conduta e o Comportamento
Pró-social. Relativamente ao segundo objetivo verificaram-se diferenças significativas
entre a Afetuosidade e o género feminino e as raparigas apresentam maiores resultados
de comportamentos pró-sociais.
Parenting practices, defined as the specific behaviors by which parents carry out their parental duties, is the parenting construct that has been theorized to have the most immediate impact on children's mental health. There is substantial evidence linking parenting and family risk factors to the development of serious problems in children. These include lack of a warm, positive relationship with parents; insecure attachment; harsh, inflexible, rigid or inconsistent disciplinary practices; and inadequate supervision. These factors increase the risk of children developing major behavioral and emotional problems, including conduct problems, antisocial behavior, and the development of deviant behavior. In opposition if a family manifests positive family processes, namely cohesive family relationships, positive communications and interactions, and mutual support among members, children may show positive developmental outcomes as well as prosocial behavior. The study aims to analyze possible significant associations between restrictiveness, nurturance, emotional problems, conduct problems, and prosocial behavior, and to verify possible significant differences in the different variables under study between males vs. females. The sample consisted of 162 mothers of children between 7 and 10 years old. The instruments used were the Child-Rearing Practices Report (CRPR) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The results revealed significant associations between the variables: Nurturance negatively correlated with Conduct Problems; Restrictiveness positively associated with Children's Emotional and Conduct Problems; Conduct Problems and Emotional Problems positively associated and finally a negative association between Conduct Problems and Prosocial Behavior. Regarding the second objective, significant differences were found between affectivity and the female gender, and girls show higher results in prosocial behavior.
Parenting practices, defined as the specific behaviors by which parents carry out their parental duties, is the parenting construct that has been theorized to have the most immediate impact on children's mental health. There is substantial evidence linking parenting and family risk factors to the development of serious problems in children. These include lack of a warm, positive relationship with parents; insecure attachment; harsh, inflexible, rigid or inconsistent disciplinary practices; and inadequate supervision. These factors increase the risk of children developing major behavioral and emotional problems, including conduct problems, antisocial behavior, and the development of deviant behavior. In opposition if a family manifests positive family processes, namely cohesive family relationships, positive communications and interactions, and mutual support among members, children may show positive developmental outcomes as well as prosocial behavior. The study aims to analyze possible significant associations between restrictiveness, nurturance, emotional problems, conduct problems, and prosocial behavior, and to verify possible significant differences in the different variables under study between males vs. females. The sample consisted of 162 mothers of children between 7 and 10 years old. The instruments used were the Child-Rearing Practices Report (CRPR) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). The results revealed significant associations between the variables: Nurturance negatively correlated with Conduct Problems; Restrictiveness positively associated with Children's Emotional and Conduct Problems; Conduct Problems and Emotional Problems positively associated and finally a negative association between Conduct Problems and Prosocial Behavior. Regarding the second objective, significant differences were found between affectivity and the female gender, and girls show higher results in prosocial behavior.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA-Instituto
Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais
e da Vida, para obtenção de grau de Mestre na
especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Práticas parentais Afetuosidade Restritividade Mães Problemas emocionais Problemas de conduta Comportamento pró-social Crianças Saúde mental infantil Parenting practices Nurturance Restrictiveness Mothers Emotional problems Conduct problems Prosocial behaviour Children Child mental health