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That person is now with or without a mask: how encoding context modulates identity recognition

2022Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorGarcia-Marques, Teresa
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, Manuel
dc.contributor.authorNunes, Ludmila
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-14T15:34:03Z
dc.date.available2022-04-14T15:34:03Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractPrevious research has mostly approached face recognition and target identifcation by focusing on face perception mechanisms, but memory mechanisms also appear to play a role. Here, we examined how the presence of a mask interferes with the memory mechanisms involved in face recognition, focusing on the dynamic interplay between encoding and recognition processes. We approach two known memory efects: (a) matching study and test condi‑ tions efects (i.e., by presenting masked and/or unmasked faces) and (b) testing expectation efects (i.e., knowing in advance that a mask could be put on or taken of ). Across three experiments using a yes/no recognition paradigm, the presence of a mask was orthogonally manipulated at the study and the test phases. All data showed no evidence of matching efects. In Experiment 1, the presence of masks either at study or test impaired the correct identifca‑ tion of a target. But in Experiments 2 and 3, in which the presence of masks at study or test was manipulated within participants, only masks presented at test-only impaired face identifcation. In these conditions, test expectations led participants to use similar encoding strategies to process masked and unmasked faces. Across all studies, participants were more liberal (i.e., used a more lenient criterion) when identifying masked faces presented at the test. We discuss these results and propose that to better understand how people may identify a face wearing a mask, researchers should take into account that memory is an active process of discrimination, in which expectations regarding test conditions may induce an encoding strategy that enables overcoming perceptual defcits.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCTpt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationGarcia-Marques, T., Oliveira, M., & Nunes, L. (2022). That person is now with or without a mask: how encoding context modulates identity recognition. Cognitive Research: Principles & Implications, 7(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41235-022-00379-5pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/s41235-022-00379-5pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn23657464
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/8641
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherSpringer Verlagpt_PT
dc.relationWilliam James Center for Research
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.titleThat person is now with or without a mask: how encoding context modulates identity recognitionpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleWilliam James Center for Research
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/3599-PPCDT/PTDC%2FPSI-GER%2F28850%2F2017/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F04810%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.conferencePlaceUnited Kingdompt_PT
oaire.citation.endPage17pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue1pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage1pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleCognitive Research: Principles and Implicationspt_PT
oaire.citation.volume7pt_PT
oaire.fundingStream3599-PPCDT
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
person.familyNameGarcia-Marques
person.givenNameTeresa
person.identifier.ciencia-idA71A-4DF9-9760
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-6233-0799
person.identifier.ridP-4149-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id13805497600
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryc0f30712-5b70-4695-9b5c-b16c493956c0
relation.isProjectOfPublication00763c7b-49c6-4735-b078-f54b3126504b
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relation.isProjectOfPublication.latestForDiscovery00763c7b-49c6-4735-b078-f54b3126504b

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