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- Intergenerational transmission of attachment: The role of intelligencePublication . Runze, Jana; Ijzendoorn, Marinus H. Van; Witte, Annemieke M.; Cecil, Charlotte A. M.; Bakermans‐Kranenburg, Marian J.In their recent paper, Del Giudice and Haltigan argue that attachment in childhood and attachment representations in adulthood are influenced by the cognitive capabilities of children and parents, that would causally link parents' attachment states of mind to children's attachment.In the current pre‐registered study, we empirically explored the idea of an association between attachment and cognition using phenotypic child IQ and parent and child IQ‐related polygenic scores as predictors of children's attachment behavior and attachment representations. We used data from the Leiden Consortium on Individual Development study (L‐CID, n = 992), a two‐cohort longitudinal twin study, in which attachment representations were measured in parents and their 9‐year‐old children using the Attachment Script Assessment (ASA). Polygenic scores of IQ were computed for parents and their children using PRSice‐2 and phenotypic child IQ was measured as well. We split the twin sample in two groups randomly to prevent non‐independence of data and conducted structural equation models. Neither parental nor child polygenic scores of IQ predicted representations of attachment. In one cohort, phenotypically measured IQ predicted attachment. This preliminary study did not find convincing support for a role of IQ in the intergenerational transmission of attachment.
- Models of care and associated targeted implementation strategies for cancer survivorship support in Europe: A scoping review protocolPublication . Prue, Gillian; Czamanski-Cohen, Johanna; Kassianos, Angelos P; Pilleron, Sophie; Ladas, Aristea; Can, Aysun Akcakaya; Roldán-Jiménez, Cristina; Csaba Laszlo; Degi, Gökçe Işcan; Arslan, Sevban; Boer, Angela G E M de; Celebic, Aleksandar; Doñate-Martínez, Ascensión; Alhambra-Borrás, Tamara; Mitrevski, Boce; Marzorati, Chiara; Pravettoni, Gabriella; Grasso, Roberto; Nazik, Evsen; Pawlowska, Ewa; Mucalo, Iva; Patrick, John; Tripkovic, Katica; Vojvodic, Katarina; Karekla, Maria; Moschofidou, Maria; Bayram, Sule Biyik; Brandão, Tânia; Arndt, Volker; Jaswal, Poonam Jaswal; Semerci, Remziye Semerci; Bozkul, Gamze; Sahin, Eda; Toygar, Ismail; Frountzas, Maximos; Martins, Rui Miguel; Jefford, Michael; Keane, Danielle; Hegarty, JosephineIntroductionCancer and its treatments can lead to a wide range of side-effects that can persist long after treatments have ended. Across Europe, survivorship care is traditionally hospital-based specialist-led follow-up, leading to gaps in supportive care. Improved screening, diagnosis and treatment increase survival rates. With more individuals living with, through and beyond cancer, the predominance of the hospital-based specialist model is unsustainable, costly and resource-intensive. An understanding of what alternative Models of Care are available and the barriers and facilitators to their implementation is a first step towards enhancing supportive care across the cancer journey. The aim of this scoping review is to source and synthesise information from studies evaluating patient-oriented models of cancer survivorship supportive care for adults in Europe.Methods and analysisThe scoping review will be reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses—Scoping Review Extension guidelines and will be guided by a six-stage methodological framework. A search strategy has been developed according to the Population, Concept and Context structure and will be applied to seven databases. A targeted search of grey literature will be completed. All identified records will be screened using predefined eligibility criteria by at least two researchers and undergo full-text review for inclusion. Data pertaining to the conceptualisation, evaluation and implementation of sourced Models of Care will be extracted.Ethics and disseminationAs there is no primary data, ethical approval is not required. This review will be conducted as part of the EU COST Action CA21152—Implementation Network Europe for Cancer Survivorship Care. The protocol and subsequent scoping review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. The Action involves representatives from most countries across Europe which will assist with the dissemination of the work to key stakeholders.
- Exploring the factor structure of criminogenic cognitions in incarcerated males: Psychometric evaluation of the Criminogenic Cognitions Scale (CCS)Publication . Pereira, Teresa; Oliveira, Catarina; Basto Pereira, MiguelDespite the importance of criminogenic thinking in addressing criminal behavior, validated instruments to measure these cognitions in Portuguese forensic settings are scarce. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to explore the psychometric properties of the Criminogenic Cognitions Scale (CCS) in a sample of 364 Portuguese incarcerated males (Mage = 37.88, SD = 10.88). An exploratory factor analysis was conducted, indicating a 15-item, two-factor structure (KMO = 0.82; Bartlett’s test, χ2 = 1841.2, df = 105, p < 0.001). The CCS dimensions, comprising Short-Term Orientation and Responsibility Evasion and Authority Resistance, demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties, including convergent validity with antisocial traits, moral disengagement, and self-control dimensions, as well as internal consistency (omega coefficient = 0.60–0.77; composite reliability = 74–91; coefficient H = 89–95), and sensitivity of items. The CCS is a valuable tool within prison settings for assessing criminogenic thinking patterns, supporting risk assessment, the development of targeted rehabilitation programs, and monitoring cognitive changes over time to reduce recidivism, thereby promoting inmates’ safer reintegration into society. Overall, our findings suggest the CCS is a promising tool for assessing criminogenic cognitions in the forensic Portuguese population.
- Examining risk and protective factors for suicidal behaviors: A cross-sectional study among Portuguese Male InmatesPublication . Oliveira, Catarina; Basto Pereira, MiguelBackground/Objectives: Prison inmates face a significantly higher risk of acting on suicidal thoughts than the general population. However, Portuguese studies distinguishing inmates who think about suicide from those who attempt it remain scarce. Given this ideation-to-action distinction, the current cross-sectional study aimed to examine risk and protective factors for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and the transition from one outcome to another. Methods: A total of 411 male inmates (M = 37.94 years, SD = 10.91) from 16 Portuguese prisons participated in the study. Data were collected between 2020 and 2024 using four instruments: (1) Sociodemographic Questionnaire; (2) Social and Emotional Competencies Questionnaire (SEC-Q); (3) Predictive Antisocial Spectrum Questionnaire; and (4) Health Risk Behavior Checklist. Results: Among the total sample, 29.1% reported a lifetime history of suicidal ideation, and 19.4% had attempted suicide. Impulsivity/irresponsibility emerged as a key risk factor for suicidal ideation, whereas social and emotional competencies of self-management and motivation were protective factors against suicide attempts. Previous self-harm behavior was the only risk factor for both suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Conclusions: Our findings provide important insights into risk and protective factors for suicidal behaviors among male inmates, offering key information for policy and practice efforts aimed at reducing mortality in this high-risk population.
- Does time matter? The role of time perspective and ageism in mental health along the lifespanPublication . Miguel, Isabel; von Humboldt, Sofia; Leal, Isabel; Thijssen, SandraTime perspective is a consistent personal viewpoint which evolves with age and may influence mental health across the lifespan. This study aims to: (1) compare time perspective, perceived ageism and mental health indicators, in three age cohorts across the lifespan; (2) examine the influence of time perspective on mental health indicators (depression, anxiety, and stress); and (3) assess whether ageism serves as a moderating factor between time perspective and mental health indicators. 1311 participants from three distinct age groups (18–39, 40–59, and 60+) participated in this cross-sectional study. The following instruments were used: (a) Future Time Perspective Scale (FTPS); (b) Perceived Ageism Questionnaire (PAQ); (c) Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21); and (d) a sociodemographic, health and lifestyle questionnaire. MANOVAs and moderated regression analyses were performed on the data. Results indicated the highest levels of stress, anxiety and perceived ageism among younger and older participants. A decrease in FTP-Opportunity and an increase of FTP-Limitation, and the perception of increased positive ageism were found throughout the life cycle. FTP-Opportunity was found to negatively impact stress, anxiety, and depression, whereas FTP-Limitation showed a positive effect. Positive ageism also moderated the effects of FTP-Opportunity on anxiety and depression. This study unveils the intricate relationship between time perspective, mental health, and ageism, indicating that time perspective significantly influences mental health outcomes such as depression, anxiety, and stress. Addressing ageism emerges as a crucial component in enhancing mental health in individuals of all ages.
- What makes fathers involved? Fathers’ time, education, and cooperative coparentingPublication . Diniz, Eva; Pais Brandão, Tânia Raquel; Verissimo, ManuelaFather involvement is considered multidetermined, being influenced by personal and family characteristics. These variables, however, are rarely examined together, leaving unclear what makes fathers involved. A multilevel dyadic approach was used to examine the relationship between fathers’ and mothers’ demographics, parenting stress, coparenting, and father involvement among dual-earner couples (n=311 dyads). Fathers (Mage = 39.33; SD=6.04) and mothers (Mage = 36.81; SD=5.96) of a young child (M=4.36; SD=1.69; 52.4% boys) reported on education, parental stress, and time committed to childcare (level 1 variables), work–family conflict, their child’s age, and coparenting (level 2). The findings revealed that, regarding individual variables (level 1), only father’s education and father’s time committed to child activities were related to a greater proportion of father involvement. At the family level (level 2), older children, more children in the family, and cooperative coparenting were related to a greater proportion of father involvement. The results highlight the importance of fathers’ perspectives and characteristics to their involvement. The findings may be used to promote father involvement and inform public policies on the topic.
- Parental psychosocial variables and glycemic control in T1D pediatric age: A systematic reviewPublication . Costa, Vasco; Pereira, Bárbara; Patton, Susana R.; Brandão, TâniaThis review aimed to summarize the evidence regarding the relationship between parental psychosocial (e.g., fear of hypoglycemia, stress and family conflict) and glycemic outcomes in children between the age of 1–10 years old. Diabetes (T1D) in young children can be very complex to manage for their parents since they are the main individuals responsible for T1D tasks. Also, parental psychological adjustment impacts children’s glycemic outcomes. This systematic review was performed following the PRISMA guidelines. The search process was conducted in four databases from 2019 to 2024. From a total of 215 studies, 5 were included. We identified five studies that found direct associations between parental psychosocial variables and children's glycemic outcomes. These findings suggest a unidirectional perspective, evidencing the need to examine the longitudinal interplay between these variables. In sum, promoting parental psychological interventions may be fundamental for enhancing children’s glycemic outcomes.
- Religion and emotion regulation: A systematic review of quantitative studiesPublication . Pais Brandão, Tânia RaquelAbstract The association between religion/spirituality and emotion regulation has been the subject of growing interest in the last years since studies have suggested that emotion regulation is likely to be shaped by religion/spirituality. The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the quantitative empirical studies toward understanding the relationship between religion/spirituality and emotion regulation. Database searches were conducted in different databases from inception to March 2022 using relevant search terms. Quantitative studies exploring the role of religion/spirituality on emotion regulation were included in this review. Of 887 abstracts identified only 15 studies were deemed eligible for inclusion. Studies were organized in terms of associations between religion/spirituality and emotion regulation according to religious affiliation, associations between religion/spirituality and emotion regulation regardless of religious affiliation, and emotion regulation as a mediator between religion/spirituality and several psychological-related outcomes. Overall, the findings revealed small to moderate associations between religion and emotion regulation, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.13 to 0.50 for cognitive reappraisal, 0.08 to − 0.72 for expressive suppression, and − 0.09 to 0.56 for other emotion regulation dimensions. Furthermore, most studies highlighted emotion regulation as a key mechanism linking religion/spirituality to psychological outcomes across diverse contexts. Differences in emotion regulation strategies have been examined in a few religious affiliations and most of the studies explored the link between religion/spirituality and emotion regulation regardless of religious affiliation.
- Revisiting “The Malicious Serpent”: Phylogenetically threatening stimulus marked in the human brainPublication . Biondi, Luiz; Gomes, Nuno; Maior, Rafael S.; Soares, Sandra C.Twenty years ago, Öhman and Mineka's publication “The Malicious Serpent” emphasized the selective pressure ancestral reptiles would have on early mammals’ visual system, specifically the development of a set of subcortical structures that would provide snake-like images privileged access to the amygdala. This process would occur automatically and allows for quick defensive reactions. Based on criticisms directed to the snake detection research, we created five questions that guided the discussion in this review. Evidence suggests the existence of a set of subcortical structures that promote prompt detection of snakes and sustained attention, but difficulties arise due to the complex interconnectivity of cortical and subcortical structures and multiple threat responses. Gaps in the research are identified as potential for future investigation.
- Examining the connection between perceived stress and post-traumatic stress in women who experienced a traumatic childbirthPublication . Brandão, Sónia; Silva, Rosa; Abreu, Wilson; Brandão, Tânia; Prata, Ana Paula; Riklikiene, Olga; Jarasiunaite-Fedosejeva, Gabija; Mesa, Ernesto González; İsbir, Gözde Gökçe; İnci, Figen; Kömürcü-Akik, Burcu; Uriko, Kristiina; Governo, Tatiana; Thomson, GillAim: This study aimed to: (1) explore post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in relation to sociodemographic, obstetric, and childbirth trauma factors; (2) assess the association between perceived stress levels and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms; and (3) analyze how the duration of perceived stress affects post-traumatic stress disorder. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: Data were collected via an online survey, including demographic and obstetric information, traumatic childbirth events, post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, and perceived stress levels and duration in the postpartum period. The study was conducted with 202 women who self-identified as having experienced a traumatic childbirth. Results: Post-traumatic stress disorder scores did not differ significantly by most sociodemographic or obstetric factors, but cesarean delivery was linked to higher post-traumatic stress disorder scores compared to vaginal delivery with forceps or vacuum extraction, mediated by increased perceived stress. Perceived stress levels showed a significant positive association with all post-traumatic stress disorder dimensions. Stress duration significantly was related to total post-traumatic stress disorder scores, with longer stress being associated with greater severity of symptoms. Conclusion: Cesarean delivery and prolonged, elevated stress during childbirth are key risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, highlighting the need for targeted postpartum mental health interventions.