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Publication
Psicanálise de um conto de Dostoiévski: Vergonha, culpa e abandono em Nétotchka
Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação constitui-se como um exercício de Psicanálise Aplicada,
sendo objecto do nosso estudo o conto Nétotchka Nezvánova de Fiódor Dostoiévski. A
compreensão psicanalítica desta obra, na qual Dostoiévski exprime problemáticas basilares
da condição humana – sobretudo no que respeita aos temas da vergonha, da culpa, e do
abandono – torna-se tão importante quanto os vastos estudos que analisam as suas obras
mais reconhecidas. As obras do autor revelam um poderoso sentimento de culpa e
consequente necessidade de punição para alcançar o perdão. Podemos, igualmente,
observar que toda a análise/leitura de Dostoiévski e da sua obra, desde Freud, está ligada à
culpa neurótica e à histeria. Tem-se negligenciado a vergonha e a sua potência nas
personagens dostoievskianas, tal como têm sido esquecidas as questões impostas pelo
sentimento de abandono/desamparo na abordagem da sua obra. Partimos de um paradigma
interpretativo analítico e preocupamo-nos com as dimensões internas e (inter)subjectivas do
sujeito e do personagem (simbolismo, fantasma, significação). Apoiamo-nos na revisão de
literatura, nas teorias psicanalíticas, para a compreensão do significado do texto. O
objectivo do presente ensaio prende-se com o estudo das problemáticas enunciadas, o seu
papel na vivência da personagem principal do conto e na sua relação com os pais;
integrados na experiência do próprio autor. A Psicanálise Aplicada à interpretação de uma
obra literária, tal como o estudo de caso, oferece a possibilidade de estudar o humano, de
aprender a olhar/questionar, de enriquecer o nosso espírito científico, mas também a nossa
subjectividade, um instrumento fundamental da clínica psicológica.
ABSTRACT: The present dissertation is a Psychoanalysis Applied exercise. The object of our study is a short-story of Dostoievsky, named Netochka Nezvanova. The psychoanalytical understanding of this work, where Dostoievsky displays fundamental issues of human condition – especially shame, guilt, and abandonment – appears to be as important as the vast studies that analyze their most known works. The works of the author reveal a powerful guilt feeling and consequent need of punishment to achieve forgiveness. We can also observe that all the analysis/lecture of Dostoievsky and his work, since Freud, is connected to neurotic guilt and hysteria. Shame and its potency in dostoievskyan characters, such as the issues linked to abandonment/helplessness have been neglected in the approach of his work. We set from an interpretative paradigm and care with internal and (inter)subjective dimensions of the subject and character (symbolism, phantasm, signification). We support on literature review, on psychoanalytical theories, to understand the text meaning. The main purpose of this essay is linked with the study of the issues presented above, their role in life’s protagonist of story and in its relationship with parents; integrated in author’s own experience. The Applied Psychoanalysis in the context of literary work interpretation, like the case study, offers the possibility to study the human nature, learning to look/inquire, enriching our scientific spirit, and also our subjectivity, a major instrument in clinical psychology.
ABSTRACT: The present dissertation is a Psychoanalysis Applied exercise. The object of our study is a short-story of Dostoievsky, named Netochka Nezvanova. The psychoanalytical understanding of this work, where Dostoievsky displays fundamental issues of human condition – especially shame, guilt, and abandonment – appears to be as important as the vast studies that analyze their most known works. The works of the author reveal a powerful guilt feeling and consequent need of punishment to achieve forgiveness. We can also observe that all the analysis/lecture of Dostoievsky and his work, since Freud, is connected to neurotic guilt and hysteria. Shame and its potency in dostoievskyan characters, such as the issues linked to abandonment/helplessness have been neglected in the approach of his work. We set from an interpretative paradigm and care with internal and (inter)subjective dimensions of the subject and character (symbolism, phantasm, signification). We support on literature review, on psychoanalytical theories, to understand the text meaning. The main purpose of this essay is linked with the study of the issues presented above, their role in life’s protagonist of story and in its relationship with parents; integrated in author’s own experience. The Applied Psychoanalysis in the context of literary work interpretation, like the case study, offers the possibility to study the human nature, learning to look/inquire, enriching our scientific spirit, and also our subjectivity, a major instrument in clinical psychology.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Nétotchka Nezvánova Dostoiévski Vergonha Culpa Abandono ShameAbandonment Guilt