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Publication
Autocontrolo e psicopatia numa amostra de mulheres condenadas
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Authors
Abstract(s)
Apesar do aumento do estudo em torno de mulheres e do cometimento de crimes
pelas mesmas, esta linha de investigação continua, no geral, a ser parca. Igualmente, o
autocontrolo e a psicopatia têm vindo a ser amplamente estudadas em populações
recluídas, apesar de haver uma presença mais notória de estudos que abordam o sexo
masculino do que o feminino.
Assim, o presente estudo visa averiguar os níveis de psicopatia e autocontrolo,
bem como relacioná-los com outros dados determinantes, nomeadamente o historial de
consumo de substâncias e o cometimento ou não de crimes violentos, numa amostra
feminina recluída em Portugal. Para tal, contámos com uma amostra de 94 mulheres
recluídas nos estabelecimentos prisionais de Odemira, Tires e Santa Cruz do Bispo, que
responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico, bem como à “Escala de
Desejabilidade Social de 20 Itens”, à “Escala Breve de Autocontrolo” e ao Levenson
Self-Report Psychopathy Scale – VP.
Verificámos, para além de níveis médios de autocontrolo, que participantes com
consumos apresentavam níveis mais baixos neste construto. Encontrámos também
diferenças significativas de autocontrolo entre mulheres que cometeram o crime de
homicídio e que não o cometeram, tendo, as que cometeram este crime, apresentado
níveis mais altos neste construto. No que toca à psicopatia, para além de pontuações
acima da média, encontrámos diferenças significativas no Fator 2 da escala entre
mulheres que reportaram o cometimento de homicídio vs o não cometimento do mesmo.
Ainda, encontrámos uma associação negativa e significativa entre o autocontrolo e a
psicopatia. Finalmente, a psicopatia constituiu-se um preditor do autocontrolo.
ABSTRACT: Despite the increase in the study of women and crimes committed by them, this investigation continues, in general, to be scarce. Likewise, self-control and psychopathy have been widely studied in incarcerated populations, although there is a greater presence of studies that address males, rather than females. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the mentioned psychological variables, as well as relate them to other determining data, namely the history of substance use and the committing or not of violent crimes, in a sample of women incarcerated in Portugal. Thus, we counted with a sample of 94 women imprisoned in the prisons of Odemira, Tires and Santa Cruz do Bispo, who answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, as well as the 20-Item Social Desirability Scale, the Self-Control Scale and the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale – VP. We found, in addition to average levels of self-control, that participants with substance consumption had lower levels in this construct. We also found significant differences in self-control between women who committed the crime of homicide and those who didn’t, having, those who did commit this crime, higher levels on this construct. Regarding psychopathy, in addition to scores above the average, we found significant differences in Factor 2 of the scale between women who reported committing homicide versus not committing it. Furthermore, we discovered a negative and significant association between self-control and psychopathy. Finally, psychopathy was found to be predictive of self-control.
ABSTRACT: Despite the increase in the study of women and crimes committed by them, this investigation continues, in general, to be scarce. Likewise, self-control and psychopathy have been widely studied in incarcerated populations, although there is a greater presence of studies that address males, rather than females. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the mentioned psychological variables, as well as relate them to other determining data, namely the history of substance use and the committing or not of violent crimes, in a sample of women incarcerated in Portugal. Thus, we counted with a sample of 94 women imprisoned in the prisons of Odemira, Tires and Santa Cruz do Bispo, who answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, as well as the 20-Item Social Desirability Scale, the Self-Control Scale and the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale – VP. We found, in addition to average levels of self-control, that participants with substance consumption had lower levels in this construct. We also found significant differences in self-control between women who committed the crime of homicide and those who didn’t, having, those who did commit this crime, higher levels on this construct. Regarding psychopathy, in addition to scores above the average, we found significant differences in Factor 2 of the scale between women who reported committing homicide versus not committing it. Furthermore, we discovered a negative and significant association between self-control and psychopathy. Finally, psychopathy was found to be predictive of self-control.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado realizada sob a orientação da
Professora Doutora Andreia de Castro Rodrigues,
apresentada no Ispa – Instituto Universitário para obtenção
de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Forense.
Keywords
Criminalidade Feminina Autocontrolo Psicopatia Female Criminality Self-Control Psychopathy