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- Subjective wellbeing of preschool childrenPublication . Silva, Bianca Núbia Souza; Martins, Bianca Gonzalez; Campos, Lucas Arrais; Maroco, J. P.; Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos, JulianaObjective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Autoquestionnaire Qualité de Vie Enfant Imagé (AUQEI) in pre-school children and estimate the influence of demographic characteristics on their subjective wellbeing. Methods: Construct validity was estimated using confirmatory analysis and the chi-square per degrees of freedom ratio (χ 2 /df), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA). Reliability was assessed by the ordinal alpha (α) and omega (ω) coe cients and the factorial invariance by the dierence in CFI (1CFI). Mean scores for each AUQEI item and the general score were calculated. Results: A total of 443 Preschool children enrolled in public education institutions participated. The original 4-factor AUQEI model showed collinearity between factors and a high correlation between two items. A single factor model was tested, presenting adequate fit to the data (χ 2 /df = 4.47; CFI = 0.98; TLI = 0.98; RMSEA = 0.08; α = 0.98; ω = 0.93; UniCo > 0.95, EVC > 0.85, and MIREAL < 0.30) and strict model invariance (1CFI < 0.01). The AUQEI model proved to be valid in relation to the external variables. Most children (76.7%) had positive subjective wellbeing. Higher scores were observed for items concerning recreation, holidays, and birthdays, and lower scores for those referring to hospitalization, medication, medical consultation, and being away from the family. The relationship between the demographic characteristics of the child or his/her mother and subjective wellbeing was not significant (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The assessment of subjective wellbeing with the single-factor AUQEI model provided valid, reliable, and invariant. Thus, being a relevant and interesting instrument to assess wellbeing in young children.
- Early psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil: A sational surveyPublication . Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos, Juliana; Martins, Bianca Gonzalez; Campos, Lucas Arrais; Marôco, João; Saadiq, Rayya Ahmed; Ruano, RodrigoIsolation measures used to contain epidemics generate social interaction restrictions and impose changes in routines of the public that increase negative psychological outcomes. Anxiety and depression are the most common symptoms.
- Cross-cultural psychometric assessment of an appetite questionnaire for patients with cancerPublication . Spexoto, Maria Claudia Bernardes; Serrano, Sergio Vicente; Halliday, Vanessa; Marôco, J. P.; Wilcock, Andrew; Campos, Juliana Alvares Duarte BoniniObjective: To evaluate the psychometric properties, along with cross-cultural invariance analysis, of the Cancer Appetite and Symptom Questionnaire (CASQ). Method: Data from 555 United Kingdom (UK) cancer patients were used to evaluate the psychometric properties of the CASQ. Construct validity was assessed through factorial and convergent validity. We conducted a confirmatory factor analysis using as indices the chi-square ratio by degrees of freedom (χ2/df), the comparative fit index (CFI), the goodness of fit index (GFI), and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). Convergent validity was estimated by the items’ average variance extracted (AVE). Reliability was estimated by composite reliability and internal consistency. Factorial invariance analysis of the CASQ was evaluated by multigroup analysis (Δχ2) using the UK and Brazilian samples. Results: All items showed adequate psychometric sensitivity in the UK sample. One item was removed and four correlations were included between errors with an appropriate fit of the model (χ2/df = 2.674, CFI = 0.966, GFI = 0.964, RMSEA = 0.055). The reliability of the CASQ was adequate and the convergent validity was low. The factorial structure of the CASQ differed across countries, and a lack of measurement invariance for the two countries was observed (λ: Δχ2 = 64.008, p < 0.001; i: Δχ2 = 3515.047, p < 0.001; Res: Δχ2 = 4452.504, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The CASQ showed adequate psychometric properties in the UK sample. The ability to estimate loss of appetite and the presence of symptoms was different between UK and Brazilian patients.
- Burnout syndrome in university professors and academic staff members: psychometric properties of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory–Brazilian versionPublication . Rocha, Fernanda Ludmilla; Jesus, Lilian Carla de; Marziale, Maria Helena Palucci; Henriques, Silvia Helena; Maroco, J. P.; Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos, JulianaThe aims of this study were to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory-Brazilian version (CBI-Br) in a sample of university professors and academic staff members of Brazilian public universities, to estimate the level of burnout syndrome (BS) among these workers, and to assess the associations of BS with demographic and occupational determinants of the syndrome. A total of 676 workers participated in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis results supported a three-factor model with 18 items and an acceptable overall fit. Adequate convergent and discriminant validity of the CBI-Br's factors were observed, as well as adequate reliability of the instrument for the sample. In conclusion, the results of this study provide evidence of the validity and reliability of the CBI-Br for the measurement of BS in Brazilian university professors and academic staff members. In addition, the CBI-Br may be an important tool for the diagnosis of psychosocial risks related to BS in the academic environment.
- Coping strategies and their relationship with subjective distress due to the COVID-19 pandemic in BrazilPublication . Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos, Juliana; Campos, Lucas; Martins, Bianca Gonzalez; Maroco, J. P.Objectives: To identify the strategies used by Brazilian adults for coping with the COVID-19 pandemic and to verify the effect of these strategies on subjective distress. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study with online data collection in May/June 2020, November/December 2020, and May/June 2021. The BriefCOPE Inventory and the Impact of Event Scale (IES-R) were used. The prevalence of strategies used at different time points was estimated with a 95% confidence interval and compared with a z-test. A multiple logistic regression model was constructed and the odds ratio (OR, 95%CI) was calculated to verify the probability of subjective distress according to the coping strategy used. Results: Younger individuals had a lower prevalence of adaptive strategies, which increased significantly with age. Participants with higher income levels had a higher prevalence of adaptive strategies, as did those who were never diagnosed with a mental health disorder. The prevalence of using only maladaptive strategies ranged from 6.1% to 5.4% (p > 0.05). The use of problem-centered strategies (Active Coping and Planning), venting of emotions, and substance use increased with time, while acceptance and behavioral disengagement decreased. In general, the population used problem-centered strategies, but the high prevalence of problem avoidance was striking. Positive reinterpretation and acceptance were protective factors for subjective distress, whereas maladaptive strategies increased the chance of distress. The presence of a negative valence component (problem- or emotion-centered) increased the chance of subjective distress, whereas strategies based on Problem Solving acted as a protective factor. Conclusion: Coping strategies were significantly associated to subjective distress and have changed since the beginning of the pandemic. Strategies focused on emotion regulation may be relevant to minimize distress.
- Predictors of academic efficacy and dropout intention in university students: Can engagement suppress burnout?Publication . Maroco, João Paulo; Assunção, Hugo; Harju-Luukkainen, Heidi; Lin, Su-Wei; Sit, Pou-seong; Cheung, Kwok-cheung; Maloa, Benvindo; Stepanovic Ilic, Ivana; Smith, Thomas; Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos, JulianaIn this study we modelled possible causes and consequences of student burnout and engagement on academic efficacy and dropout intention in university students. Further we asked, can student engagement protect against the effects of burnout? In total 4,061 university students from Portugal, Brazil, Mozambique, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Finland, Serbia, and Macao SAR, Taiwan participated in this study. With the data collected we analyzed the influence of Social Support, Coping Strategies, and school/course related variables on student engagement and burnout using structural equation modeling. We also analyzed the effect of student engagement, student burnout, and their interaction, on Academic Performance and Dropout Intention. We found that both student engagement and burnout are good predictors of subjective academic performance and dropout intention. However, student burnout suppresses the effect of student engagement on these variables. This result has strong implications for practitioners and administrators. To prevent student dropout, it is not enough to promote student engagement-additionally, and importantly, levels of student burnout must be kept low. Other variables such as social support and coping strategies are also relevant predictors of student engagement and burnout and should be considered when implementing preventive actions, self-help and guided intervention programs for college students.
- Cross-cultural psychometric assessment of an appetite questionnaire for patients with cancerPublication . Spexoto, Maria Claudia Bernardes; Serrano, Sergio Vicente; Halliday, Vanessa; Marôco, J. P.; Wilcock, Andrew; Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos, JulianaObjective: To evaluate the psychometric properties, along with cross-cultural invariance analysis, of the Cancer Appetite and Symptom Questionnaire (CASQ). Method: Data from 555 United Kingdom (UK) cancer patients were used to evaluate the psychometric properties of the CASQ. Construct validity was assessed through factorial and convergent validity. We conducted a confirmatory factor analysis using as indices the chi-square ratio by degrees of freedom (χ2/df), the comparative fit index (CFI), the goodness of fit index (GFI), and the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). Convergent validity was estimated by the items’ average variance extracted (AVE). Reliability was estimated by composite reliability and internal consistency. Factorial invariance analysis of the CASQ was evaluated by multigroup analysis (Δχ2) using the UK and Brazilian samples. Results: All items showed adequate psychometric sensitivity in the UK sample. One item was removed and four correlations were included between errors with an appropriate fit of the model (χ2/df = 2.674, CFI = 0.966, GFI = 0.964, RMSEA = 0.055). The reliability of the CASQ was adequate and the convergent validity was low. The factorial structure of the CASQ differed across countries, and a lack of measurement invariance for the two countries was observed (λ: Δχ2 = 64.008, p < 0.001; i: Δχ2 = 3515.047, p < 0.001; Res: Δχ2 = 4452.504, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The CASQ showed adequate psychometric properties in the UK sample. The ability to estimate loss of appetite and the presence of symptoms was different between UK and Brazilian patients.
- Strategies for eating and body change among Brazilian women and menPublication . Silva, Wanderson Roberto Da; Maroco, João Paulo; Campos, Juliana Alvares Duarte BoniniOur study was conducted to adapt the Body Image and Body Change Inventory (BIBCI) for Portuguese; to evaluate the BIBCI's psychometric properties in samples of university students; to calculate the prevalence of strategies for eating and body change among students; and to evaluate the impact of demographic, social, and anthropometric characteristics on the BIBCI subscales.
- Clinical, dietary and demographic characteristics interfering on quality of life of cancer patientsPublication . Alvares Duarte Bonini Campos, Juliana; Silva, Wanderson Roberto Da; Spexoto, Maria Claudia Bernardes; Serrano, Sergio Vicente; Maroco, J. P.Objetivo: Estimar a ingestão dietética de pacientes com câncer e sua relação com características clínicas e demográficas, além de verificar a contribuição da ingestão dietética, apetite/sintomas e características clínicas e demográficas para a qualidade de vida deles. Métodos: Foi estimado o consumo de energia e de macronutrientes. A relação entre ingestão dietética e características clínicas e demográficas foi avaliada pela análise de variância. A ingestão de energia e macronutrientes dos pacientes foi comparada com a necessidade nutricional, utilizando intervalo de confiança de 95%. O Cancer Appetite and Symptom Questionnaire (CASQ) e o European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC QLQ C-30) foram utilizados para avaliar apetite/sintomas e qualidade de vida, respectivamente. As propriedades psicométricas dos instrumentos foram estimadas. Elaborou-se modelo de equações estruturais. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 772 pacientes oncológicos (63,1% mulheres). Observou-se relação significativa entre ingestão dietética e atividade laboral, classe econômica, especialidade do diagnóstico, tipo de tratamento e estado nutricional. O consumo de energia e macronutrientes dos pacientes esteve abaixo do recomendado. Tanto o CASQ quando o EORTC QLQ C-30 foram refinados para bom ajustamento aos dados. No modelo estrutural, comprometimento do apetite, maior acometimento por sintomas, presença de metástase, ser mulher e pertencer às classes econômicas mais altas foram características que contribuíram significativamente para o comprometimento da qualidade de vida dos pacientes oncológicos. Conclusão: A ingestão dietética dos pacientes oncológicos não atingiu os níveis recomendados. Diferentes características impactaram na qualidade de vida dos pacientes e devem ser consideradas em protocolos clínicos e epidemiológicos.
- European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30: factorial models to Brazilian cancer patientsPublication . Campos, Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini; Spexoto, Maria Claudia Bernardes; Silva, Wanderson Roberto Da; Serrano, Sergio Vicente; Maroco, J. P.Objective To evaluate the psychometric properties of the seven theoretical models proposed in the literature for European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30), when applied to a sample of Brazilian cancer patients. Methods Content and construct validity (factorial, convergent, discriminant) were estimated. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed. Convergent validity was analyzed using the average variance extracted. Discriminant validity was analyzed using correlational analysis. Internal consistency and composite reliability were used to assess the reliability of instrument. Results A total of 1,020 cancer patients participated. The mean age was 53.3±13.0 years, and 62% were female. All models showed adequate factorial validity for the study sample. Convergent and discriminant validities and the reliability were compromised in all of the models for all of the single items referring to symptoms, as well as for the "physical function" and "cognitive function" factors. Conclusion All theoretical models assessed in this study presented adequate factorial validity when applied to Brazilian cancer patients. The choice of the best model for use in research and/or clinical protocols should be centered on the purpose and underlying theory of each model.