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- Versão portuguesa do Cyber Dating Abuse Questionaire (CDAQ) – Questionário sobre Ciberabuso no Namoro (CibAN) : adaptação e propriedades psicométricasPublication . Caridade, Sónia Maria; Braga, TeresaResumo: Algumas manifestações de violência no namoro ocorrem através do uso das novas tecnologias, pelo que importa investigar esta tipologia de abuso apelidada internacionalmente de cyber dating abuse. O presente estudo procurou traduzir e adaptar, para a população portuguesa, o Cyber Dating Abuse Questionaire (CDAQ; Borrajo, Gámez-Guadix, Pereda, & Calvete, 2015), estudando as suas propriedades psicométricas. A versão portuguesa foi administrada a uma amostra de 272 estudantes, a grande maioria (87%) de sexo feminino e com uma média de idades de 28.41 (DP=7.02). A análise fatorial confirmatória revelou bons índices de ajustamento, permitindo confirmar o modelo fatorial do instrumento original constituído por quatro fatores correlacionados, dois relativos à vitimação por agressão direta e controlo e dois à perpetração dessas mesmas tipologias de violência. Adicionalmente, todos os fatores revelaram boa consistência interna. Ainda que os indicadores de prevalência de vitimação e perpetração por controlo (58.8% vs. 63.2%, respetivamente) se tenham revelado mais preponderantes comparativamente aos de vitimação e perpetração por agressão direta (18% vs. 14.7%), foi possível confirmar que estes dois tipos de ciberabuso íntimo constituem comportamentos entre os jovens portugueses estudantes universitários envolvidos/as em relações íntimas. As implicações práticas e empíricas futuras deste estudo são objeto de discussão neste trabalho.
- The impact of imprisonment on individuals’ mental health and society reintegration: Study protocolPublication . Cunha, Olga; Castro Rodrigues, Andreia de; Caridade, Sónia Maria; Dias, Ana Rita; Almeida, Telma Catarina; Cruz, Ana Rita; Peixoto, Maria ManuelaBackground Prison sentences are a particular type of penalty that aim to reintegrate individuals into society. Nonetheless, research suggests that prison sentences have a null or a criminogenic effect on recidivism and a critical impact on inmates’ mental health, negatively interfering with their successful reintegration into society and recidivism. Prevalence rates of mental health disorders among individuals who commit crimes are high, but little is known about how incarceration perpetuates and/or worsens mental health symptoms. In the Portuguese context, no studies focused on understanding the impact of imprisonment on prisoners’ mental health. Thus, this project aims to understand incarceration’s mental health and well-being impact on male and female individuals convicted to prison, both while incarcerated and after release. Methods The study will follow a quantitative cross-sectional design of male and female individuals in prison and parole, aiming to assess different samples at different moments of the prison sentence. It will also follow a longitudinal design in a subsample of male and female individuals sentenced to prison and on parole who will be followed for one year. Discussion This study intends to have a meaningful impact on the understanding of imprisonment effects, giving important clues for developing and implementing evidence-based prevention and intervention strategies to address prisoners’ and ex-prisoners’ mental health and improve their ability to successfully reintegrate into society and reduce recidivism.
- Positive childhood experiences and adult outcomes: A systematic reviewPublication . Cunha, Olga; Sousa, Marta; Pereira, Bárbara; Pinheiro, Marina; Machado, Ana Beatriz; Caridade, S.; Almeida, TelmaAlthough positive childhood experiences (PCEs) may serve as protective factors against the negative consequences of childhood adversity, they have been less extensively studied. However, more recently, there has been a growing interest in understanding the role of these experiences. This systematic review aims to address this research gap by systematizing the existing literature on PCEs and examining their relationship with both positive and negative outcomes. A comprehensive search of databases such as B-On, PsycINFO, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Scielo identified 87 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Different studies have employed various designs and samples to investigate the relationship between PCEs and adult outcomes. The findings suggest that higher levels of PCEs are consistently associated with better mental health outcomes, such as decreased depressive symptoms, anxiety, and suicidal behaviors, as well as improved psychosocial well-being, including reduced perceived stress and increased life satisfaction. Conflicting results were found for behavioral outcomes, physical health, stressful life events, and parenting and family functioning. In addition, the interaction effect of PCEs on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in adulthood is inconsistent. PCEs and ACEs appear to be independent sets of experiences that often coexist, with PCEs frequently not moderating the consequences of adversity on outcomes. More research with diverse samples is needed to better understand the role of PCEs.