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- Teacher identity: can ethical orientation be related to perceived competence, psychological needs satisfaction, commitment and global self-esteem?Publication . Granjo, Manuel Romualdo Cepeda; Silva, José Maria Castro; Peixoto, Francisco José BritoTeachers’ sense of identity is influenced by a set of factors, remaining unclear how they relate to each other and how much weight is assigned to them by teachers. Based on the existing literature and empirical data concerning teacher identity and ethical frameworks, this study tested a model aiming to understand how indicators of teacher identity (e.g. ethical orientation, perceived competence, satisfaction of psychological needs, commitment, and global selfesteem) relate to each other. The model was tested through structural equation modelling (SEM) using data from 643 Portuguese teachers, aged between 23 and 66 years (Myears of service = 15.4). Results showed that ethical orientation can play an important role in teacher identity, having direct and indirect effects on the other components of the model. The findings highlight the importance of ethical orientation as a variable to take into consideration in the study of teacher identity and teacher training.
- Interdisciplinary teaching practices in STEAM education in BrazilPublication . Abra Olivato, J.; Castro Silva, J.This study explored primary school teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs about interdisciplinary teaching practices related to science, technology, engineering, arts and mathematics (STEAM) education and project-based learning to understand teacher perceptions and practices and to recommend some teacher training according to the national curricular standards in Brazil. Qualitative data were gathered using semi-structured interviews carried out with in-service teachers, which were supplemented by a questionnaire featuring both closed-ended and open-ended questions. The data were subsequently subjected to quantitative analysis. The findings reveal that while most teachers are familiar with and incorporate project-based learning into their pedagogical approaches, their awareness of and training in STEAM education are limited. Nevertheless, teachers perceived themselves as being very competent across most STEAM domains, including interdisciplinary curricular integration and projects. Chemistry, physics and arts are exceptions, with lower levels of teacher self-efficacy when compared to the other disciplines. This article examines the implications of these findings for pedagogical practices and teacher training in Brazil, while addressing what are teachers’ current perceptions of STEAM practices, encompassing project-based learning and interdisciplinarity. It identifies the training requirements necessary to enhance their confidence in teaching science, while integrating arts-related subjects.
- Resilience and mental health in practicing chilean teachers during the pandemicPublication . VILLALOBOS-VERGARA, PAULA VERONICA; Ortúzar, Rodrigo Vergara; Gómez, María Catalina Sabando; Peixoto, Francisco; Silva, José CastroThe connection between resilience and psychological well-being, as well as the associations between various resilience profiles and well-being, remain unclear. This study investigated the resilience profiles of teachers and their links to psychological well-being and mental health symptoms. The data were gathered from 602 Chilean teachers who completed questionnaires assessing resilience, well-being, and mental health symptoms. The primary findings revealed a significant relationship between resilience and mental health, especially among experienced teachers who perceived their working conditions as better. This study provides compelling evidence supporting the notion that resilience can serve as a protective factor against mental health issues.
- Differentiated instruction: ‘to be, or not to be, that is the question’Publication . Gaitas, Sérgio; Carêto, C.; Peixoto, Francisco; Silva, José CastroEducation systems around the world, faces the major challenge of including all children in schools. Differentiated instruction (DI) is proposed as a pedagogical approach that support social, emotional and academic success for all students in the context of heterogeneous classrooms. Although, recent research draws the attention to the inconsistent definitions and practices of DI. In this context, this qualitative study aimed at exploring the Portuguese teachers self-reported typical DI practices in mixed-ability classrooms. The participants were thirty-six teachers from kindergarten to middle school and came from a public-school cluster of five schools. The qualitative analysis carried out indicate a variety of practices under the concept of DI, ranging from practices aimed only at a group of students, based on low ability or special education needs, to practices aimed at building communities of learners. The majority of the self-reported practices described DI as simply giving one assignment to most pupils and fewer or easier activities to students who are struggling with their learning. Implications for initial teacher training and professional development programmes are discussed. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
- A latent class analysis on students' beliefs about teachers' practices enhancing their well-beingPublication . Gaitas, Sérgio; Silva, José Castro; Poças, AntónioABSTRACT: Student well-being and student voice are two interrelated concepts that can play a critical role in education. While Student well-being refers to the overall state of students’ physical, mental, and emotional health, student voice represents the active involvement and participation of students in shaping their own educational experiences. Notwithstanding the intimate association, there is a limited body of research that explores how students’ distinct perceptions of teachers’ practices that promote their well-being influence students’ actual well-being levels. To address this research gap, a study was conducted involving 486 students. The participants, with an average age of 13.5 years, completed a questionnaire. Among the participants, 51.1% identified as female, and 13.6% had experienced academic retention. The latent class results classified the 7–9 grade student’s beliefs about teacher’s practices into “few times,” sometimes’ and “often.” The model fitting results were as follows: Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) was 2,555.904, Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) was 2,610.244, Adjusted Bayesian Information Criterion (aBIC) was 2,568.983, and Entropy was 0.802. Compared with the “few times” and “sometimes” class, the “often” class was more prevalent in 8th grade (p = 0.05) and among male students (p = 0.04). Findings show that class membership is a predictor of student well-being (interpersonal, life satisfaction and perceived competence). Students who feel that their teachers are attentive, supportive, and address their needs more frequently are more likely to experience enhanced well-being.
- Job demands and resources as predictors of well-being in portuguese teachersPublication . Castro Silva, J.; Peixoto, Francisco; Galhoz, Adriana; Gaitas, SérgioThis cross-sectional study sought to investigate job demands and resources as predictors of teacher well-being. Participants were 319 portuguese teachers in grades 1–11 (elementary up to secondary level). Data were analysed through confirmatory factorial analysis, structural equation modelling and mediation analysis. Main findings revealed that job demand variables are negative predictors of teacher well-being, whereas job resources variables predict positively teacher well-being. Additionally, the results showed two indirect mediation effects: job resources buffered the job demands and well-being relationship. In particular, support from colleagues and autonomy were identified as the main mediators of the relation between job demands and teacher well-being. Overall, the main results are consistent with the Job Demands-Resources model and contribute to the understanding of interplay between job resources and demands and their influence over teacher well-being.