Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2019"
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- Changing roles for research and Information skills development: librarians as teachers, researchers as learnersPublication . Sanches, TatianaUniversity libraries have been dealing with the training needs of their users for a long time. Today, this need continues to be pressing with day to day immersion in print and digital information and the transformations of the tools for its access. Librarians play a fundamental pedagogical role for teachers and researchers who are urged by the Open Science movement to acquire new information skills. They develop information literacy training adapted to these needs. The paper presents a case study that explains three pedagogical paths: tutorial support for teachers and researchers in their daily lives; the provision of electronic resources and training for its proper use; and the development and dissemination of an online publication that seeks to improve their knowledge and practice skills related to Open Science. The actions that librarians can develop are vital because they are the basis for the creation and application of cross-curricular skills in lifelong learning, so necessary for teachers and researchers who need to quickly adapt to new information contexts.
- An international study of pro/antisocial behavior in young adultsPublication . Basto-Pereira, Miguel; Garcia, Inês Queiroz; Maciel, Laura; Leal, Isabel Maria Pereira; Pereira, Maria GouveiaThis article presents an international study of pro/antisocial behavior in young adults (SOCIALDEVIANCE1820). This is an ongoing cross-continental longitudinal research project that includes data and researchers from multiple countries across five continents. It aims to explore the intercultural universality of the risk and protective factors associated with pro/antisocial behavior and psychosocial adjustment during early adulthood. Researchers from all countries involved have already translated their questionnaires, selected an appropriate team, and started the data collection process. It is expected that this intercontinental longitudinal research project will have a tremendous social and scientific impact; this study will allow researchers to overcome many limitations of previous meta-analyses, such as limiting the applicability of data to developed countries and the bias caused by combining different assessment methods. Challenges in implementing cross-national studies, and the importance of this type of study to global policies, are discussed.
- The Quality of Work Life Scale: Validity Evidence from Brazil and PortugalPublication . Sinval, J.; Sirgy, M. Joseph; Lee, Dong-Jin; Maroco, J. P.Quality of work life (QWL) is an important construct, based on satisfaction of worker’s needs. It is strongly related to higher work engagement and lower burnout. To properly establish comparisons between countries’ QWL with a psychometric instrument, the measure must show validity evidence, namely in terms of measurement invariance. This study aims to assess the validity evidence of the Quality of Work Life Scale (QWLS) by examining the internal structure of the measure (i.e., dimensionality, reliability, and measurement invariance) and its relations with other variables such as burnout and work engagement. The measure was tested using a total sample of 1163 workers, 566 workers from Portugal, and 597 from Brazil. The data had a good fit to the QWLS second-order model and good reliability estimates for the two countries. Full-uniqueness measurement invariance was achieved for data for Portugal and Brazil and for gender too. The measure also demonstrated good nomological validity evidence by successfully predicting burnout and work engagement.
- Validation of the 10-item Cervantes Scale in middle-aged Portuguese womenPublication . Pimenta, Filipa; Albergaria, Rita; Maroco, João Paulo; Leal, Isabel Pereira; Chedraui, Peter; Pérez-López, Faustino R.The aim of the study was to validate the Portuguese language version of the 10-item Cervantes Scale (CS-10), a self-reporting instrument that assesses menopausal symptoms, and to compare the results (both symptom severity and multigroup invariance) of middle-aged women who completed the questionnaire in paper-and-pencil format (PPF) or in the online format (OF).
- Factors associated with cervical cancer screening among migrant women in Europe: a systematic scoping review protocolPublication . Marques, Patrícia; Nunes, Mariana; Antunes, Maria da Luz; Heleno, Bruno; Dias, SóniaCervical cancer is the 4th most common cancer in women in Europe. Cervical cancer screening (CCS) reduces its incidence and mortality, but its effectiveness relies on the quality of screening and women's participation. Migrant women show low participation in CCS, which might compromise an early diagnosis of the disease. Since migration rates are high in Europe, it is important to understand which barriers and facilitators influence participation in CCS among migrants to develop strategies to increase their participation. The main objective of this study is to analyze existing evidence about the factors associated with CCS participation among migrant women in Europe,
- Frequência sexual e variabilidade da frequência cardíaca numa amostra não-clínica: Resultados preliminaresPublication . Gomes, Sabrina; Costa, Rui Miguel; Mangia, Paula Galvão; Pestana, José; Coelho, Mafalda Pinto; Correia, CatarinaMaior frequência coital tem-se associado a maior desvio padrão da frequência cardíaca, um parâmetro da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC) que pode expressar maior actividade simpática e parassimpática. No presente estudo examinaram-se associações de diversos parâmetros da VFC com a satisfação sexual e a frequência de vários comportamentos sexuais. Sessenta homens e 85 mulheres relataram a sua satisfação sexual com a respectiva subescala da LiSat (Life Satisfaction) scale e qual a frequência em dias no mês precedente de coito vaginal, sexo não coital e masturbação. Os parâmetros da VFC foram calculados a partir de cinco minutos de ECG em repouso (desvio padrão da frequência cardíaca, desvio padrão dos intervalos entre batidas cardíacas, potência de alta frequência, potência de baixa frequência e razão entre baixa e alta frequência). A frequência coital associou-se a maior desvio padrão da frequência cardíaca na amostra feminina, mas não na masculina. A frequência coital não se correlacionou com nenhum outro parâmetro da VFC. A satisfação sexual não se correlacionou com nenhum parâmetro da VFC. A frequência coital poderá ser facilitada por maior actividade parassimpática a par duma moderadamente elevada actividade simpática cardíaca.
- Predictors and correlates of sexual avoidance among partnered older adults among Norway, Denmark, Belgium, and PortugalPublication . Carvalheira, Ana; Graham, Cynthia; Stulhofer, Aleksandar; Traen, BenteResearch on sex in later life has been concerned with documenting that older people continue to have sex and establishing the links between good health and sexual activity. Although sexual avoidance is common in clinical and nonclinical populations of older adults, little attention has been given to the motives for sexual avoidance. To address gaps in the literature on sexual avoidance, the present study explored the self-reported reasons for, and correlates of, sexual avoidance in older partnered individuals with probability samples of 60–75-year-olds in four European countries (Norway, Denmark, Belgium, and Portugal). Results revealed significant differences between men and women in sexual avoidance, with women reporting more avoidance than men. The main reasons reported for avoiding sex were sexual difficulties, health problems, partner’s sexual difficulties, and lack of sexual interest. Among men, significant predictors of sexual avoidance were age, relationship intimacy (the only relational predictor), physical health, and own and partner’s sexual problems. In women, significant predictors of sexual avoidance were age, relationship duration, relationship satisfaction, relationship intimacy, physical and mental health, and own and partner’s sexual problems. Thus, in men, health-related factors were more important predictors of sexual avoidance than relationship factors. In women, relationship factors were as important as health-related factors. These findings provide insight into an under-researched area. They also have important implications for health care and could inform the development of tailored sexual health interventions in older adults. Keywords Older adults · Sexual avoidance · Relationship intimacy · Relationship
- Development and Factorial Validation of the Inventory of Deliberate Self-Harm Behaviours for Portuguese AdolescentsPublication . Duarte, Eva; Pereira, Maria Gouveia; Gomes, Hugo S.Deliberate self-harm (DSH) is a public health problem that mainly affects adolescents and young adults. Evidence suggests that multiple methods are used with a self-aggressive intent. The present article focuses on the development and factorial validation of the Inventory of Deliberate Self-harm Behaviours for Portuguese adolescents. This instrument assesses the lifetime frequency of 13 DSH methods, with and without suicidal intent. Study 1 consisted of an exploratory factor analysis with a sample of 131 adolescents with a reported history of DSH. Results revealed a three-factor structure with acceptable internal consistency: High Severity DSH, Mild Severity DSH, and Substance Use DSH. After item reduction, this structure was tested in Study 2 through a confirmatory factor analysis with an independent sample of 109 adolescents also with a history of DSH. Results showed an acceptable model fit. This instrument presents a solid structure and acceptable psychometric properties, allowing its use in further research.
- The other side of self-monitoring: Inhibition control in and out a social contextPublication . Figueira, Pedro; Garcia-Marques, TeresaAlthough the Stroop effect depends on cognitive monitoring efficiency, it is not yet clear if the Self- Monitoring personality trait is related with such efficiency. Here we contrast two likely hypotheses. If we assume executive control functions to be more activated by individuals’ personality tendency to monitor their behavior, we should expect High Self-Monitors to reduce Stroop interference. However, if we assume that Self-Monitoring personality features are only monitoring social context features, it may be that High Self-monitors lack executive resources to perform a Stroop task depending on the nature of their social context. In two studies, we test these hypotheses creating a feeling of being in a social context through priming (Study 1) or by manipulating other’s presence (Study 2). In both studies we assessed High and Low Self-Monitor’s performance in a Stroop task. Results of both experiments show that while Low Self-Monitors perform better in social than in nonsocial contexts, High Self- Monitors perform worse in the social context. This pattern of results suggests monitoring activity of High Self-Monitors in the presence of others interferes with their cognitive performance in controlling Stroop interference.
- Psychometric properties of the parent’s versions of the SDQ and the PANAS-X in a community sample of Portuguese parentsPublication . Costa, Pedro Alexandre; Tasker, Fiona; Ramos, Catarina; Leal, Isabel Maria PereiraThis study examined the psychometric properties of the parent's versions of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule-Extended Form (PANAS-X) in a community sample of Portuguese parents. A total of 1100 SDQ and PANAS-X were collected from an online sample of 761 parents, whose ages ranged from 23 to 65 years (M = 42, SD = 5). Confirmatory factor analyses provided evidence of the internal factor structure of both the SDQ and the PANAS-X and invariance of the factor structure across age and gender groups, with the exception of the SDQ, which failed to provide evidence of invariance between genders. Internal reliability and discriminant validity were confirmed for both measures, although convergent validity was only confirmed for the PANAS-X. Concurrent validity was also confirmed by comparing the results from the SDQ dimensions and the PANAS-X broad dimensions subscales.