Browsing by Author "Marques, Adilson"
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- Adolescent’s subjective perceptions of chronic disease and related psychosocial factors: Highlights from an outpatient context studyPublication . Santos, Teresa; Matos, Margarida Gaspar de; Marques, Adilson; Simões, Celeste; Leal, Isabel Pereira; Machado, Maria do CéuBackground: Adolescents with chronic disease (CD) can be more vulnerable to adverse psychosocial outcomes. This study aims: 1) to identify differences in psychosocial variables (health-related quality of life, psychosomatic complaints, resilience, self-regulation and social support) among adolescents who feel that CD affects or does not affect school/peers connectedness (measured by self-reported participation in school and social activities); and 2) to assess the extent to which psychosocial variables are associated with connectedness in school and peer domains. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 135 adolescents with CD (51.9% boys), average age of 14 ± 1. 5 years old (SD = 1.5). Socio-demographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables were assessed, using a self-reported questionnaire, which included the Chronic Conditions Short Questionnaire, KIDSCREEN-10 Index, Symptoms Check-List, Healthy Kids Resilience Assessment Module Scale, Adolescent Self-Regulatory Inventory, and Satisfaction with Social Support Scale. Descriptive statistics, GLM-Univariate ANCOVA and Logistic Regression were performed using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 22.0. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: Thirteen to eighteen percent of the adolescents felt that CD affected participation at school (PSCH) and participation in leisure time with friends (PLTF). These adolescents presented lower results for all psychosocial study variables, when compared with adolescents who did not feel affected in both areas of participation. From the studied psychosocial variables, the most important ones associated with PSCH (after controlling for age, gender, diagnosis, and education level of father/mother) were self-regulation and psychosomatic health. Concerning the PLTF, social support was the sole variable explaining such association. Conclusions: The present study pointed out the association between psychosocial variables; and living with a CD and school/peers connectedness. The need to focus on the assessment of the effects of a CD on adolescents’ lives and contexts is suggested, as well as on the identification of vulnerable adolescents. Such identification could help to facilitate the maximization of social participation of adolescents with CD, and to plan interventions centered on providing support and opportunities for a healthy youth development. For that purpose, a complex and multifactorial approach that includes clinicians, schools, family, and peers may be proposed.
- Associations between self-reported fitness and self-rated health, lifesatisfaction and health-related quality of life among adolescentsPublication . Marques, Adilson; Mota, Jorge; Gaspar, Tania; Matos, Margarida Gaspar deBackground/objective: In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the associations between physical fitness (PF) and psychosocial aspects of health. This study aimed to analyse the associations between self-reported PF and self-rated health (SRH), life-satisfaction (LS), and quality of life (QoL). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 3554 adolescents (1652 boys), aged 13e18, from the HBSC Portuguese survey. PF, health, LS and OoL were self-rated. Results: SRH, LS, and health-related OoL (HRQoL) were significantly and positively correlated with all PF components. From regression model, overall fitness was significantly related with SRH (boys: b ¼ 0.18, p < 0.001; girls: b ¼ 0.16, p < 0.001), LS (boys: b ¼ 0.36, p < 0.001; girls: b ¼ 0.43, p < 0.001), and HRQoL (boys: b ¼ 2.26, p < 0.001; girls: b ¼ 2.54, p < 0.001). Cardiorespiratory fitness was also positively and significantly related with SRH (boys: b ¼ 0.17, p < 0.001; girls: b ¼ 0.11, p < 0.001), LS (boys: b ¼ 0.13, p < 0.05; girls: b ¼ 0.31, p < 0.001), and HRQoL (boys: b ¼ 1.74, p < 0.001; girls: b ¼ 1.57, p < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings suggest that perceived PF is associated with a better SRH, LS, and perceived HRQoL. A few implications regarding public policies were highlighted.
- Associations between self-reported fitness and self-rated health, lifesatisfaction and health-related quality of life among adolescentsPublication . Marques, Adilson; Mota, Jorge; Gaspar, Tania; Matos, Margarida Gaspar deBackground/objective: In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the associations between physical fitness (PF) and psychosocial aspects of health. This study aimed to analyse the associations between self-reported PF and self-rated health (SRH), life-satisfaction (LS), and quality of life (QoL). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of 3554 adolescents (1652 boys), aged 13e18, from the HBSC Portuguese survey. PF, health, LS and OoL were self-rated. Results: SRH, LS, and health-related OoL (HRQoL) were significantly and positively correlated with all PF components. From regression model, overall fitness was significantly related with SRH (boys: b ¼ 0.18, p < 0.001; girls: b ¼ 0.16, p < 0.001), LS (boys: b ¼ 0.36, p < 0.001; girls: b ¼ 0.43, p < 0.001), and HRQoL (boys: b ¼ 2.26, p < 0.001; girls: b ¼ 2.54, p < 0.001). Cardiorespiratory fitness was also positively and significantly related with SRH (boys: b ¼ 0.17, p < 0.001; girls: b ¼ 0.11, p < 0.001), LS (boys: b ¼ 0.13, p < 0.05; girls: b ¼ 0.31, p < 0.001), and HRQoL (boys: b ¼ 1.74, p < 0.001; girls: b ¼ 1.57, p < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings suggest that perceived PF is associated with a better SRH, LS, and perceived HRQoL. A few implications regarding public policies were highlighted.
- Cross-sectional and prospective relationship between physical activity and chronic diseases in European older adultsPublication . Marques, Adilson; Peralta, Miguel; Martins, João Filipe da Silva Figueira; Matos, Margarida Gaspar de; Brownson, Ross C.Objectives This study examined the relationship between physical activity (PA) and chronic diseases in European older adults, using a prospective analysis with data from 2011 and 2013. Methods Participants were 37,524 older adults (16,204 men) who responded to the fourth (in 2011) and fifth (in 2013) wave of SHARE project, from 13 European countries. Participants’ answers to interview questions about the presence of chronic conditions and PA. The cross-sectional and prospective association between PA and the number of chronic diseases was assessed using general linear models. Results Among men and women, moderate or vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in 2011 was associated with fewer reported chronic diseases in 2011 and 2013. In prospective analysis, MVPA in 2011 was inversely associated with the number of chronic diseases in 2013 in the unadjusted model. In the adjusted model MVPA more than once a week remained as a significant predictor of fewer chronic diseases. Conclusions PA should be prescribed to older adults in order to prevent and reduce the number of chronic diseases, and, when possible, vigorous intensity PA should be recommended.
- Distress and unemployment: The related economic and noneconomic factors in a sample of unemployed adultsPublication . Frasquilho, Diana; Matos, Margarida Gaspar de; Marques, Adilson; Gaspar, Tania; Almeida, José Miguel Caldas deObjectives To examine the associations between economic and noneconomic factors and psychological distressin a group of 748 unemployed adults during economic recession. Methods Data were collected through a questionnaire. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were used to test the associations between distress and the deprivation of income and latent benefits of employment (time structure, activity, status, collective purpose and social contact). Results The participants’ mean of distress was higher than the national population mean, and 46.5% of the participants scored above that. All economic and noneconomic factors emerged as strong predictors of distress; particularly financial deprivation (OR 1.06; CI 95 % 1.04–1.09) and lack of structured time (OR 1.07; CI 95 % 1.05–1.09). Women (OR 1.40; CI 95 % 1.04–1.86) and people with lower education levels (OR 0.45; CI 95 % 0.34–0.61) were more affected. Conclusions The unemployed individuals score high on distress, especially those facing financial strain and lack of structured time, and women and individuals with lower education in particular. Given the recessionary context and high unemployment rates, these insights raise awareness for policies and actions targeting the needs of unemployed people.
- Factors affecting the well-being of adolescents living with unemployed parents in times of economic recession: Findings from the portuguese HBSC studyPublication . Frasquilho, Diana; Matos, Margarida Gaspar de; Marques, Adilson; Gaspar, Tania; Almeida, José Miguel Caldas deObjectives: Using a national representative sample of adolescents with unemployed parents, this study examined which factors (sociodemographic and of satisfaction with family life and peers) are related to the negative effect of parents' unemployment on emotional well-being. Study design: Cross-sectional survey study. Methods: Data on adolescents (14.1 ± 1.7 years old), with at least one parent unemployed (n ¼ 1311, 53.2% girls), was provided by the Portuguese Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: A high proportion of adolescents reported being emotionally affected by father's unemployment but not by their mother's. Older boys and older girls were more likely to report that their same-gender parent's unemployment situation (sons-fathers and daughters-mothers) has had a negative effect on their well-being. Girls from low socioeconomic status and with poor family satisfaction were more likely to report negative emotional well-being related to parental unemployment. Conclusions: This study presents evidence on factors that can shape adolescents' emotional well-being related to parents' unemployment situation. Given the recessionary context and high unemployment rates, these insights are valuable to assist the design of an action to improve the levels of well-being of Portuguese adolescents from unemployed families.
- Health complaints among adolescents : Associations with more screen-based behaviours and less physical activityPublication . Marques, Adilson; Calmeiro, Luís; Loureiro, Nuno; Frasquilho, Diana; Matos, Margarida Gaspar deIn this study, we investigated the relationship between screen-based behaviours, physical activity, and health complaints (headaches, feeling low, irritability, and nervousness). Screen-based behaviour included TV viewing, computer use, and time spent playing video games. Data were collected from 4462 Portuguese adolescents (2394 girls) aged 11-16 years. Girls who reported engaging in more screen-based behaviour (hours/day) also reported having more headaches, feeling lower, being more irritable, and feeling more nervous. Boys who reported more screen time were more irritable. Physical activity (times/week) was negatively associated with reports of feeling nervous among girls, and with headaches, feeling low, irritability, and feeling nervous among boys. Considering that time spent using the computer is related with more health complaints, and physical activity was related with fewer health complaints among boys, it is important to develop strategies to reduce adolescents' computer screen time, and to promote physical activity.
- Prevalence of adult overweight and obesity in 20 european countries, 2014Publication . Marques, Adilson; Peralta, Miguel; Naia, Ana; Loureiro, Nuno; Matos, Margarida Gaspar deBackground: Monitoring obesity and overweight prevalence is important for assessing interventions aimed at preventing or reducing the burden of obesity. This study aimed to provide current data regarding the prevalence of overweight and obesity of adults, from 20 European countries. Methods: Participants were 34 814 (16 482 men) adults with mean age 50.8 17.7. Data from European Social Survey round 7, 2014, were analysed. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from self-reported height and weight. Results: The proportion of underweight was only 2%, and 44.9% for normal weight. Overweight and obese accounted for 53.1%. More men than women were overweight (44.7% vs. 30.5%). Older adults were significantly more overweight (42.4%) and obese (20.9%) than middle age and younger adults. Retired people account for a greater proportion of overweight (42.0%) and obese (21.5%), when compared with employed, unemployed and students. People from rural areas were significantly more overweight (39.1 vs. 36.1%) and obese (17.0 vs. 15.3%) than those who lived in urban areas. The estimates indicate that the highest prevalence of overweight was in Czech Republic (45.2%), Hungary (43.7%) and Lithuania (41.7%). For obesity, Slovenia (20.8%), Estonia (19.7%) and the United Kingdom (19.2%) were the countries with the highest prevalence. Conclusion: Even though data was self-reported, and individuals tend to overestimate their height and underestimate their weight, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is considered high. More than half of the European population is overweight and obese. This study strengthens and updates the claims of an excessive weight epidemic in Europe.
- Psychosocial profile in portuguese adolescents with chronic disease attending an outpatient department in a hospital settingPublication . Santos, Teresa; Matos, MG; Marques, Adilson; Simões, Celeste; Leal, Isabel Maria Pereira Leal; Machado, Maria do CéuLiving with a chronic disease (CD) in adolescence involves new multifaceted challenges. This study aims to conduct a psychosocial characterization of a group of adolescents with chronic diseases in a hospital setting and to compare such dimensions for the total group and for different diseases. A cross-sectional study included 135 adolescents with chronic diseases (51.9% boys; 48.1% girls), having an average age of 14±1.5 years (SD=1.5) and attending a paediatric outpatient department in a hospital setting. Statistically significant differences were found among the different chronic diseases for the variables self-regulation (adolescents with diabetes had significantly higher competencies) and multiple psychosomatic symptoms (adolescents with neurologic diseases reported significantly more complaints). Boys presented both better health-related quality of life and psychosomatic health when compared to girls. No statistically significant differences were observed for health-related quality of life, psychosomatic health, resilience, and social support. These findings bring important suggestions especially while planning interventions, which must take into account the promotion of a healthy psychosocial development, through an inclusive perspective (covering different chronic diseases), that take into consideration specific and gendered approaches. Such suggestions might help healthcare professionals to better plan interventions in order to increase their effectiveness.
- The association between physical activity and chronic diseases in european adultsPublication . Marques, Adilson; Santos, Teresa; Martins, João Filipe da Silva Figueira; Matos, Margarida Gaspar de; Valeiro, Miguel GonzálezChronic diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality and are considered to be at epidemic levels worldwide. This is a cross-sectional multi-country study based on data from the European Social Survey round 7, 2014, comprising 30,826 participants (14,813 men) with mean age 50.4 ± 18.0. Physical activity and chronic diseases were self-reported. Men and women who practiced physical activity more often had lower odds of having heart problems, breathing problems, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. Engaged in physical activity 2-4 times/week and ≥5 times/week decrease the odds of having heart problems, high blood pressure, breathing problems, type 2 diabetes, and obesity, compared with men and women who engaged in physical activity 1 or less times per week. For the women, the practice of physical activity ≥5 times/week was significantly and negatively associated with having cancer, when compared with women who engaged in physical activity 1 or less times per week. Physical activity is associated with a lower risk of chronic diseases, in particular: heart problems, high blood pressure, breathing problems, allergies, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. Furthermore, even small amounts of weekly physical activity seem to decrease the risk of chronic diseases.