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As histórias das crianças: Um estudo sobre competência e capacidade narrativa com crianças em situação de pobreza
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este estudo analisou os factores de risco, a competência
e a capacidade narrativa de um grupo de crianças
em situação de pobreza. Uma revisão da literatura destacou
as narrativas produzidas pelas crianças como um instrumento
com interesse para a análise da resiliência ou competência
das crianças. Participaram nesta investigação
40 crianças, de ambos os sexos, com idades compreendidas
entre os 4 e os 6 anos, que frequentavam três Jardins
de Infância do concelho de Portimão. Os instrumentos
utilizados foram o Early Development Instrument (EDI),
o teste de avaliação da linguagem oral, a ficha de dados
demográficos e o MacArthur Story Stem Battery, que
avaliaram, respectivamente, a competência geral das
crianças, o nível de risco familiar e as capacidades narrativas.
Cada narrativa foi codificada por unidades informativas,
nível de cronologia e organização. Os resultados demonstraram
que as crianças que possuíam níveis mais elevados
de competência elaboraram narrativas com mais conteúdos
informativos. O nível de risco experienciado pelas crianças
relacionou-se significativamente com a linguagem oral e
a capacidade narrativa. As meninas revelaram-se mais
competentes nas narrativas do que os meninos. De um
modo geral, os dados enfatizam a importância da relação
entre a competência e a capacidade narrativa e de como
estas duas características são importantes na promoção
do sucesso educativo das crianças.
ABSTRACT: This study analyzed the existing risk factors, competence and narrative ability of a group of children in poverty. The literature review singled out the use of narratives produced by children as a valid instrument in the analysis of children’s resilience or competence. 40 children, of both genders, participated in this investigation, aged 4 to 6 years old, and going to 3 Kindergarten in Portimão. The Early Development Instrument (EDI), oral language evaluation test, demographic data and MacArthur Story Stem Battery were used to, respectively, evaluate the children’s general competence, the family risk level and children’s narrative skills. Each narrative was coded in information units, chronology level and organization. The results show that children with higher levels of general competence were the ones who showed more information units in their narratives. The risk level was significantly related to oral language and narrative ability. Girls were more competent than boys, in regards to narrative ability. Generally, the data emphasizes the importance of the relationship between competence and narrative skills, and how these two characteristics are determinant to the promotion of educational success in children.
ABSTRACT: This study analyzed the existing risk factors, competence and narrative ability of a group of children in poverty. The literature review singled out the use of narratives produced by children as a valid instrument in the analysis of children’s resilience or competence. 40 children, of both genders, participated in this investigation, aged 4 to 6 years old, and going to 3 Kindergarten in Portimão. The Early Development Instrument (EDI), oral language evaluation test, demographic data and MacArthur Story Stem Battery were used to, respectively, evaluate the children’s general competence, the family risk level and children’s narrative skills. Each narrative was coded in information units, chronology level and organization. The results show that children with higher levels of general competence were the ones who showed more information units in their narratives. The risk level was significantly related to oral language and narrative ability. Girls were more competent than boys, in regards to narrative ability. Generally, the data emphasizes the importance of the relationship between competence and narrative skills, and how these two characteristics are determinant to the promotion of educational success in children.
Description
Keywords
Competência/resiliência Linguagem oral Capacidade narrativa Pobreza Competence/resilience Oral language Narrative skills (ability) Poverty
Citation
Análise Psicológica, 26(4), 467-484
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada