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Bem-estar físico e psicológico, a motivação intrínseca e as motivações para a prática de exercício físico em praticantes de actividades físicas orientais e não orientais
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente estudo visa analisar o bem-estar físico e psicológico, a motivação
intrínseca (competência percebida, auto-determinação e prazer) e as motivações para a prática
de exercício em praticantes de actividades físicas orientais (AFO) e actividades físicas não
orientais (Não AFO). Pretende-se averiguar igualmente se as variáveis motivacionais
presentes no estudo têm capacidade preditiva do bem-estar físico e psicológico.
A amostra é constituída por 305 elementos (n=305), 128 praticantes de AFO e 177
praticantes Não AFO. Foram aplicados o Short Form Health Survey 12, o Inventário de
Motivações para o Exercício Físico 2, a escala de Competência Percebida do Inventário de
Motivação Intrínseca e a Escala de Locus de Causalidade para o Exercício. A recolha dos
dados realizou-se em ginásios, sendo que alguns questionários foram respondidos
presencialmente, e outros levados para casa e recolhidos posteriormente.
Constataram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos,
nomeadamente ao nível da motivação intrínseca (competência percebida, auto-determinação e
prazer) e das motivações para a prática de exercício. Relativamente aos níveis de bem-estar
físico e psicológico não foram encontradas diferenças significativas. As variáveis
motivacionais com capacidade preditiva do bem-estar físico são as pressões médicas,
afiliação, agilidade e competência percebida, enquanto as do bem-estar psicológico são a
gestão do stress, desafio, competição, afiliação, gestão do peso, auto-determinação e
competência percebida.
Os resultados obtidos contribuem para uma melhor compreensão das temáticas
anteriormente referidas, no âmbito dos grupos que constituem esta investigação, algo pouco
explorado até ao momento.
ABSTRACT:The purpose of this study is to analyze the physical and psychological well-being, intrinsic motivation (perceived competence, self-determination and enjoyment) and the motivations for exercise training in two groups: oriental physical activities (OPA) and nonoriental physical activities (Non-OPA). In addition, we sought to determine whether any of these motivational variables have predictive ability of the physical and psychological wellbeing. The sample is composed by 305 elements (n = 305), 128 OPA practitioners and 177 Non-OPA practitioners. There were applied the Short Form 12 Health Survey, the Exercise Motives Inventory 2, the Perceived Competence scale of Intrinsic Motivation Inventory and the Locus of Causality Scale for Exercise. Some questionnaires were answered at the place and others were taken home and agreed a later date to be collected. The results show statistically significant differences between the groups, namely at the level of intrinsic motivation (Non-OPA group showed higher levels) and at the reasons for engaging actively in physical exercise. For physical and psychological well-being levels no significant differences were found. The motivational variables with predictive ability for the physical well-being were: health pressures, affiliation, nimbleness and perceived competence. With regard to psychological well-being, the variables were stress management, challenge, competition, affiliation, weight management, self-determination and perceived competence. These results contribute to a better understanding of the issues mentioned above, within the groups that composed this research.
ABSTRACT:The purpose of this study is to analyze the physical and psychological well-being, intrinsic motivation (perceived competence, self-determination and enjoyment) and the motivations for exercise training in two groups: oriental physical activities (OPA) and nonoriental physical activities (Non-OPA). In addition, we sought to determine whether any of these motivational variables have predictive ability of the physical and psychological wellbeing. The sample is composed by 305 elements (n = 305), 128 OPA practitioners and 177 Non-OPA practitioners. There were applied the Short Form 12 Health Survey, the Exercise Motives Inventory 2, the Perceived Competence scale of Intrinsic Motivation Inventory and the Locus of Causality Scale for Exercise. Some questionnaires were answered at the place and others were taken home and agreed a later date to be collected. The results show statistically significant differences between the groups, namely at the level of intrinsic motivation (Non-OPA group showed higher levels) and at the reasons for engaging actively in physical exercise. For physical and psychological well-being levels no significant differences were found. The motivational variables with predictive ability for the physical well-being were: health pressures, affiliation, nimbleness and perceived competence. With regard to psychological well-being, the variables were stress management, challenge, competition, affiliation, weight management, self-determination and perceived competence. These results contribute to a better understanding of the issues mentioned above, within the groups that composed this research.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Bem-estar físico e psicológico Motivação intrínseca Motivos de participação Physical and psychological well-being Intrinsic motivation Exercise participation motives