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Publication
Comportamentos de adesão das mulheres aos meios de rastreio e diagnóstico do cancro da mama
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Abstract(s)
Esta investigação teve como objectivo geral o estudo dos comportamentos de adesão aos meios de rastreio e diagnóstico do cancro da mama por parte das mulheres. Através de uma amostra de 350 mulheres, utentes de um serviço de saúde foi avaliada num único momento mediante a aplicação de vários instrumentos como um Questionário Sócio-Demográfico, um Questionário sobre os Comportamentos de Adesão aos Meios de Rastreio e Diagnóstico do Cancro da Mama, a Escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Stress (EADS-21), a Escala de Crenças de Saúde e a Escala de Locus de Controlo de Saúde.
Actualmente, o cancro da mama é uma doença crónica, em expansão em Portugal, com uma população feminina de 5 milhões, surgem 4500 novos casos por ano, ou seja, 11 novos casos e 4 mortes por dia.
O problema surge na baixa adesão aos comportamentos de rastreio e diagnóstico. O nível de conhecimento sobre a prevenção, as crenças de saúde, os locus de controlo de saúde, a expectativa de auto-eficácia e os factores inerentes à relação médico/paciente podem explicar o comportamento de adesão.
Os principais resultados obtidos revelam que as escalas são influenciadas pela idade, estado civil, situação profissional, nível de escolaridade, pela existência ou ausência de amamentação e pela presença de história pessoal e/ou familiar do cancro da mama. Verifica-se um aumento destas variáveis quando aumenta a percentagem da recomendação médica para a prática destes exames, da frequência de realização nos últimos cinco anos e da intenção da prática do auto-exame mamário, mamografia e ecografia mamária.
ABSTRACT: This investigation aimed to study the general behavior of accession to the means of screening and diagnosis of breast cancer for women. Through a sample of three hundred and fifty women, users of a health service was evaluated in a single time by the application of various instruments as a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire, a Questionnaire on the Behaviors of Adherence to Screening and Diagnosis of Breast Cancer, Scale of Anxiety, Depression and Stress (EADS-21), the Health Belief Scale and the Scale of Locus of Control of Health. Currently, breast cancer is a chronic disease, expanding in Portugal, with a female population of five million, there are four thousand and five hundred new cases per year, it means eleven new cases and four deaths per day. The problem arises in the low adherence to conduct screening and diagnosis. The level of knowledge on prevention, health beliefs, the locus of control for health, the expectation of self-efficacy and factors within the doctor/patient relationship may explain the behavior of membership. The main results show that the scales are influenced by age, marital status, employment status, educational level, the existence or absence of breastfeeding and the presence of personal history and/or familial breast cancer. There is an increase in these variables increases when the percentage of doctor's recommendation to practice these examinations, the frequency of the last five years and the intention of the practice of breast self-examination, mammography and breast ultrasound.
ABSTRACT: This investigation aimed to study the general behavior of accession to the means of screening and diagnosis of breast cancer for women. Through a sample of three hundred and fifty women, users of a health service was evaluated in a single time by the application of various instruments as a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire, a Questionnaire on the Behaviors of Adherence to Screening and Diagnosis of Breast Cancer, Scale of Anxiety, Depression and Stress (EADS-21), the Health Belief Scale and the Scale of Locus of Control of Health. Currently, breast cancer is a chronic disease, expanding in Portugal, with a female population of five million, there are four thousand and five hundred new cases per year, it means eleven new cases and four deaths per day. The problem arises in the low adherence to conduct screening and diagnosis. The level of knowledge on prevention, health beliefs, the locus of control for health, the expectation of self-efficacy and factors within the doctor/patient relationship may explain the behavior of membership. The main results show that the scales are influenced by age, marital status, employment status, educational level, the existence or absence of breastfeeding and the presence of personal history and/or familial breast cancer. There is an increase in these variables increases when the percentage of doctor's recommendation to practice these examinations, the frequency of the last five years and the intention of the practice of breast self-examination, mammography and breast ultrasound.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Cancro da mama Comportamentos de adesão Meios de rastreio e diagnóstico Breast cancer Adherence behavior Screening and diagnosis