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Psicopatas de sucesso : Um paradigma de stroop emocional modificado com faces e vozes?
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Abstract(s)
Os psicopatas, altamente mediatizados pelos órgãos de comunicação social (Konvalina-Simas, 2012), são, segundo Hare (1993), indivíduos que se demarcam por um encanto natural, usufruindo desta característica para manipular os outros sem sentirem arrependimento ou remorsos. Além disso, são indivíduos que, além da superficialidade emocional, são demarcados por condutas antissociais por recorrerem a agressividade instrumental e outras variedades de ofensas (Blair, 2001). Contudo, atualmente a definição do diagnóstico da psicopatia ainda é muito subjetiva (Fallon, 2013).
Karpman (1948) divide os indivíduos psicopatas em primários e secundários. Ambos partilham de certos atributos como os comportamentos antissociais e comportamento hostil. No entanto, os psicopatas secundários são mais ansiosos e apresentam um funcionamento interpessoal mais fraco (e.g. irritabilidade). Além desta dicotomia, os psicopatas também podem ser entendidos como psicopatas de sucesso ou psicopatas de não-sucesso. Um psicopata de sucesso apresenta determinado nível de traços de psicopatia, porém, consegue manter-se enquadrado nas normas societárias, distanciado de problemas judiciais (Lykken, 1995; Widom, 1977).
Tendo em conta que os psicopatas apresentam défices no reconhecimento de emoções em expressões faciais (Iria & Barbosa, 2009) e em vozes, tanto a nível semântico como prosódico (Bagley, Kosson & Abramowitz, 2009), este projeto pretende submeter indivíduos psicopatas de sucesso (tanto primários como secundários) e indivíduos não-psicopatas a um paradigma de Stroop emocional modificado cujas condições congruentes e incongruentes são montadas com estímulos visuais (faces) e estímulos auditivos (vozes). É esperado que os não-psicopatas acusem interferência (efeito de Stroop) contrariamente aos psicopatas que não o deverão acusar.
ABSTRACT: Psychopaths, very mediatic by the media (Konvalina-Simas, 2012), are, according to Hare (1993), individuals marked by superficial charm, taking advantage of this characteristic to manipulate others without feeling regret or remorse. Furthermore, these are individuals who, besides their emotional shallowness, are marked by antisocial behavior by resort to instrumental aggression and other varieties of offenses (Blair, 2001). However, currently the definition of psychopathy’s diagnosis is still very subjective (Fallon, 2013). Karpman (1948) divides psychopathic individuals in primary and secondary psychopaths. Both share certain attributes such as antisocial behavior and hostile behavior. However, the secondary psychopaths are more anxious and have a weaker interpersonal functioning (e.g. irritability). Besides this dichotomy, psychopaths can also be understood as successful psychopaths or non-successful psychopaths. A successful psychopath presents a certain level of psychopathy traits, however, he can remain framed in society rules, distant from judicial problems (Lykken, 1995; Widom, 1977). Taking into account that psychopaths have deficits in recognizing emotions in facial expressions (Iria & Barbosa, 2009) and in voices, at both semantic and prosodic levels (Bagley, Kosson & Abramowitz, 2009), this project aims to submit successful psychopaths individuals (both primary and secondary) and non-psychopath individuals to a modified emotional Stroop paradigm whose congruent and incongruent conditions are mounted with visual stimuli (faces) and auditory stimuli (voices). It is expected that non-psychopaths accuse interference (Stroop effect) unlike psychopaths that should not accuse any.
ABSTRACT: Psychopaths, very mediatic by the media (Konvalina-Simas, 2012), are, according to Hare (1993), individuals marked by superficial charm, taking advantage of this characteristic to manipulate others without feeling regret or remorse. Furthermore, these are individuals who, besides their emotional shallowness, are marked by antisocial behavior by resort to instrumental aggression and other varieties of offenses (Blair, 2001). However, currently the definition of psychopathy’s diagnosis is still very subjective (Fallon, 2013). Karpman (1948) divides psychopathic individuals in primary and secondary psychopaths. Both share certain attributes such as antisocial behavior and hostile behavior. However, the secondary psychopaths are more anxious and have a weaker interpersonal functioning (e.g. irritability). Besides this dichotomy, psychopaths can also be understood as successful psychopaths or non-successful psychopaths. A successful psychopath presents a certain level of psychopathy traits, however, he can remain framed in society rules, distant from judicial problems (Lykken, 1995; Widom, 1977). Taking into account that psychopaths have deficits in recognizing emotions in facial expressions (Iria & Barbosa, 2009) and in voices, at both semantic and prosodic levels (Bagley, Kosson & Abramowitz, 2009), this project aims to submit successful psychopaths individuals (both primary and secondary) and non-psychopath individuals to a modified emotional Stroop paradigm whose congruent and incongruent conditions are mounted with visual stimuli (faces) and auditory stimuli (voices). It is expected that non-psychopaths accuse interference (Stroop effect) unlike psychopaths that should not accuse any.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Psicopatia Paradigma de Stroop Emocional Modificado Psychopathy Modified Emocional Stroop Paradigm