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Conformismo em situação de crise
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Abstract(s)
O conformismo tem vindo a ser considerado por alguns académicos como um conceito proeminente para explicar o modo como os pensamentos, comportamentos e crenças das pessoas afectam os pensamentos, comportamentos e crenças de outras predominantemente em condições nas quais o estímulo é fonte de incerteza (Crawford 1992; Deutsch & Gerard 1955; Sherif 1936; Tang 2001). O comportamento conformista é o de reproduzir os membros do grupo de pertença feito através de pistas que aumentam a consistência e minimizam a saliência de incerteza. A resposta tendencial para o conformismo parece ocorrer deforma automática e involuntária (Bargh & Chartrand 1994). Situações de “terror” têm sido associadas à promoção de incerteza, provocando um aumento da resposta conformista. Aqui focamos a situação actual de crise como associadas à mesma dimensão. Utilizamos um delineamento experimental que operacionaliza a saliência de crise como saliência de incerteza. Neste trabalho, promoveu-se a saliência de incerteza através da primação semântica do contexto real que é o da actual crise económica, comparando-o com uma condição onde nada se primava ou se primava o contexto de férias. Prevê-se que existem diferenças entre as condições experimentais crise e grupo de controlo férias, promovendo o contexto de crise mais conformismo do que os outros contextos. Controla-se o efeito destas manipulações no estado de espírito dos participantes com vista a compreender o seu possível papel mediador (Alquist, Aisworth e Baumeister, 2013 & Baumeister, Vohs, Dewall e Zhang, 2007). Os nossos resultados apoiam as hipóteses iniciais sendo os participantes da condição factual de incerteza activados pelo contexto de crise, os que revelaram índices mais elevados de conformismo relativamente aos participantes das condições férias e da condição neutra em que nada é dito. Apesar de as manipulações terem efeito sobre o estado de espírito dos participantes, este não teve um papel mediador do efeito. A hipótese de que o estado de espírito poderia induzir conformismo não foi apoiada.
ABSTRACT: Conformity has been considered by some researchers as an important concept to explain how people´s thoughts, behaviors and beliefs affect the thoughts, behaviors and beliefs of others predominantly under conditions in which the stimulus is a source of uncertainty (Crawford 1992, Deutsch & Gerard 1955; Sherif 1936, Tang 2001). The conformity behavior refers to reproduce the group members through clues that increase the consistency and minimize the uncertainty salience. The answer trend to conformity seems to occur automatically and involuntarily (Bargh & Chartrand, 1994). Situations of "horror" have been associated with the promotion of uncertainty, causing an increase in the conformity response. Here we focus on the current situation of crisis as linked to the same dimension. We use an experimental design that operationalize crisis salience us uncertainty salience. In this work, was induced the uncertainty salience through semantic priming of actual context that is the current economic crisis, comparing it with a condition where nothing was primed or was primed the holidays context. It is expected that there are differences between the experimental conditions crisis and control group holidays, promoting the crisis context more conformity than the other contexts. Controlling the effect of these manipulations in participants mood to understand his possible mediator role (Alquist, Aisworth and Baumeister, Baumeister & 2013, Vohs, Dewall and Zhang, 2007). Our results support the initial hypotheses that participants of the factual uncertainty condition induced by the crisis context were those who reported higher levels of conformity compared to participants of holidays and neutral conditions. Although the manipulations have effect on the participants mood, this was not a mediator of the effect. The hypothesis that the mood could induce conformity was not supported.
ABSTRACT: Conformity has been considered by some researchers as an important concept to explain how people´s thoughts, behaviors and beliefs affect the thoughts, behaviors and beliefs of others predominantly under conditions in which the stimulus is a source of uncertainty (Crawford 1992, Deutsch & Gerard 1955; Sherif 1936, Tang 2001). The conformity behavior refers to reproduce the group members through clues that increase the consistency and minimize the uncertainty salience. The answer trend to conformity seems to occur automatically and involuntarily (Bargh & Chartrand, 1994). Situations of "horror" have been associated with the promotion of uncertainty, causing an increase in the conformity response. Here we focus on the current situation of crisis as linked to the same dimension. We use an experimental design that operationalize crisis salience us uncertainty salience. In this work, was induced the uncertainty salience through semantic priming of actual context that is the current economic crisis, comparing it with a condition where nothing was primed or was primed the holidays context. It is expected that there are differences between the experimental conditions crisis and control group holidays, promoting the crisis context more conformity than the other contexts. Controlling the effect of these manipulations in participants mood to understand his possible mediator role (Alquist, Aisworth and Baumeister, Baumeister & 2013, Vohs, Dewall and Zhang, 2007). Our results support the initial hypotheses that participants of the factual uncertainty condition induced by the crisis context were those who reported higher levels of conformity compared to participants of holidays and neutral conditions. Although the manipulations have effect on the participants mood, this was not a mediator of the effect. The hypothesis that the mood could induce conformity was not supported.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Social e das Organizações apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Conformismo Estado de espírito Activação do contexto Conformity Mood Uncertainty salience Context activation