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Atitudes e crenças religiosas face à doença mental
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A religião pode ser uma poderosa força de motivação social, contudo, existe uma negligência das crenças religiosas na pesquisa da saúde mental. Estas são importantes para muitas pessoas e moldam a maneira como entendem o mundo, podendo também afectar comportamentos perante os outros. É sabido que as pessoas com doença mental sofrem de estigmatização, associado às várias crenças que predominaram ao longo dos anos. Assim, este estudo tem como objectivo avaliar atitudes e crenças religiosas em sujeitos portugueses face à doença mental. É um estudo descritivo-correlacional, realizado com uma amostra de 142 indivíduos. Os instrumentos de recolha de dados foram: um questionário Sócio-demográfico; a escala Opinions About Mental Illnes; e a escala Religious Beliefs about Mental Illness. Os resultados mostraram que as pessoas que associam a doença mental a factores religiosos apresentaram atitudes mais positivas face a estes doentes. Os homens atribuíram mais a doença mental e a sua cura à espiritualidade, e as mulheres apresentaram atitudes mais negativas. Já as pessoas mais velhas mostraram ter a crença de que a doença mental se deve a questões relacionadas com a imoralidade, e as mais novas apresentaram atitudes mais negativas. Aqueles que conheciam pessoas com doença mental apresentaram valores mais baixos na escala de crenças religiosas, mas apresentaram atitudes mais negativas, como o autoritarismo. Apesar de toda a informação disponível, ainda existem crenças religiosas associadas a estas doenças, o que poderá levar a atitudes mais negativas para com as estas pessoas.
Religious beliefs are important to many people and shape their point of view of how they see the world, affecting their behaviors. Religion can be a powerful force of social motivation, yet there is a default of religious beliefs in research on mental health. It is known that people who have mental disease suffer from stigmatization, linked to different beliefs that predominate over the years. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate attitudes and religious beliefs toward the mentally ill and mental illness. It´s a descriptive-correlational study, with a sample of 142 individuals. The instruments of data collection were: a socio-demographic questionnaire; Opinions about Mental Illness Scale; and Religious Beliefs about Mental Illness Scale. The results show that people who associate mental illness to religious beliefs, present more positive attitudes towards these patients. Men are more likely to attribute mental illness to spiritual causes and women present more negative attitudes. Older people believe that mental illness is a consequence of sin, and younger people show more negative attitudes to this subject. People who knew someone with mental illness presented lower results in the religious beliefs scale, and showed more negative attitudes, as the authoritarianism. So, despite all of the information available, there are still religious beliefs associated with these diseases that may lead to more negative attitudes towards people who suffer from them.
Religious beliefs are important to many people and shape their point of view of how they see the world, affecting their behaviors. Religion can be a powerful force of social motivation, yet there is a default of religious beliefs in research on mental health. It is known that people who have mental disease suffer from stigmatization, linked to different beliefs that predominate over the years. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate attitudes and religious beliefs toward the mentally ill and mental illness. It´s a descriptive-correlational study, with a sample of 142 individuals. The instruments of data collection were: a socio-demographic questionnaire; Opinions about Mental Illness Scale; and Religious Beliefs about Mental Illness Scale. The results show that people who associate mental illness to religious beliefs, present more positive attitudes towards these patients. Men are more likely to attribute mental illness to spiritual causes and women present more negative attitudes. Older people believe that mental illness is a consequence of sin, and younger people show more negative attitudes to this subject. People who knew someone with mental illness presented lower results in the religious beliefs scale, and showed more negative attitudes, as the authoritarianism. So, despite all of the information available, there are still religious beliefs associated with these diseases that may lead to more negative attitudes towards people who suffer from them.
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Keywords
Crenças religiosas Doença mental Atitudes Religious beliefs Mental illness Attitudes