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Espiritualidade e estado de saúde na doença crónica: papel mediador do coping e da adesão ao tratamento.
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Abstract(s)
Vários estudos têm demonstrado uma relação positiva entre espiritualidade e saúde. Aldwin e colaboradores (2014) reviram esta literatura e propuseram um modelo organizador sobre os processos regulatórios que poderão explicar esta relação. Objectivo: perceber qual o papel mediador das estratégias de coping e da adesão ao tratamento na relação entre espiritualidade e estado de saúde em indivíduos com doença crónica, testando parte do modelo de Aldwin e colaboradores (2014). Mediu-se espiritualidade com o SWBQp, estratégias de coping com a adaptação portuguesa do BriefCOPE, adesão ao tratamento com a MAT e estado de saúde com a versão portuguesa do SF-12v2. Participaram 201pessoas com doença crónica e medicação associada. Verificaram-se correlações significativas entre: 1) a componente mental do estado de saúde, a dimensão pessoal da espiritualidade e as estratégias de “coping activo”, “reinterpretação positiva”, “aceitação”, “desinvestimento comportamental” e “uso de substâncias”; 2) a componente mental do estado de saúde, a dimensão comunitária da espiritualidade e as estratégias de “coping activo”, “reinterpretação positiva” e “aceitação”; e entre 3) a componente física do estado de saúde, a dimensão pessoal da espiritualidade e a estratégia de “auto-distracção”. Encontraram-se efeitos de mediação: a) da estratégia “uso de substâncias” na relação entre a dimensão pessoal da espiritualidade e a componente mental do estado de saúde; b) da estratégia “aceitação” na relação entre a dimensão comunitária e a componente mental da saúde; c) da estratégia “auto-distracção” na relação entre a dimensão pessoal da espiritualidade e a componente física do estado de saúde. Discutem-se limitações e implicações destes resultados.
ABSTRACT: Several studies have shown a relationship between spirituality and health. Aldwin et. al (2014) reviewed this literature and proposed an organizing model of the regulatory processes that may explain this relationship. Objective: To understand the mediating role of coping strategies and adherence to treatment in the relationship between spirituality and health status in individuals with chronic disease, testing part of the model of Aldwin et. al (2014). The spirituality was measured with SWBQp, coping strategies with the portuguese adaptation of BriefCOPE, adherence to treatment with MAT and health status with the portuguese version of SF-12v2. 201 individuals with chronic disease and associated medication participated. Results: there were significant correlations between 1) the mental component of health status, personal dimension of spirituality and strategies of "active coping", "positive reinterpretation," "acceptance," "behavioral disinvestment" and "substance use "; 2) mental component of health status, the community dimension and the strategies of "active coping", "positive reinterpretation" and "acceptance"; and between 3) physical component of health status, the personal dimension and the strategy of "self-distraction.". It had been found mediation effects of a) strategy "substance use" in the relationship between the personal dimension of spirituality and the mental component of health status; b) strategy "acceptance" in the relationship between the community dimension of spirituality and the mental component of health status; and c) strategy "self-distraction" in the relationship between the personal dimension of spirituality and the physical component of health status. Limitations and implications of these results are discussed.
ABSTRACT: Several studies have shown a relationship between spirituality and health. Aldwin et. al (2014) reviewed this literature and proposed an organizing model of the regulatory processes that may explain this relationship. Objective: To understand the mediating role of coping strategies and adherence to treatment in the relationship between spirituality and health status in individuals with chronic disease, testing part of the model of Aldwin et. al (2014). The spirituality was measured with SWBQp, coping strategies with the portuguese adaptation of BriefCOPE, adherence to treatment with MAT and health status with the portuguese version of SF-12v2. 201 individuals with chronic disease and associated medication participated. Results: there were significant correlations between 1) the mental component of health status, personal dimension of spirituality and strategies of "active coping", "positive reinterpretation," "acceptance," "behavioral disinvestment" and "substance use "; 2) mental component of health status, the community dimension and the strategies of "active coping", "positive reinterpretation" and "acceptance"; and between 3) physical component of health status, the personal dimension and the strategy of "self-distraction.". It had been found mediation effects of a) strategy "substance use" in the relationship between the personal dimension of spirituality and the mental component of health status; b) strategy "acceptance" in the relationship between the community dimension of spirituality and the mental component of health status; and c) strategy "self-distraction" in the relationship between the personal dimension of spirituality and the physical component of health status. Limitations and implications of these results are discussed.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Espiritualidade Estado de saúde Estratégias de coping Efeito de mediação Doença crónica Spirituality Health condition Coping strategies Mediation effects Chronic illness