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O Psicodrama como abordagem psicoterapêutica à alexitimia: Espontaneidade e alexitimia em pacientes com lupus
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A alexitimia tem sido reconhecida como um factor de risco para alguns problemas de saúde,
psiquiátricos ou comportamentais que são influenciados pelas perturbações na regulação dos
afectos. Frequentemente tida como imutável, são escassos os estudos acerca de abordagens
psicoterapêuticas de sucesso com pacientes alexitímicos. Na literatura, coloca-se a hipótese de
que intervenções que encorajem mais a atenção às experiências internas possam resultar numa
menor alexitimia. O psicodrama, por via da espontaneidade, promove a vivência dessas
experiências, trazendo o corpo para a terapia. Numa proposta recente, David A. Kipper
reformula o psicodrama como uma terapia pela acção de reintegração experiencial (ERAT),
numa abordagem emocional correctiva. O objectivo deste estudo é fundamentar a abordagem
psicodramática na alexitimia através de um estudo empírico. O método constituiu-se por um
estudo correlacional entre alexitimia e espontaneidade, recorrendo aos instrumentos Toronto
Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20) e Revised Spontaneity Assessment Inventory (SAI-R).
Procedeu-se à adaptação do SAI-R para a língua portuguesa. A amostra é caracterizada por 84
pacientes com lupus. Com os resultados obtidos constatou-se, na amostra, a prevalência de
elevada alexitimia e uma correlação negativa entre os valores obtidos na TAS-20 e no SAI-R.
Na discussão argumenta-se que a alexitimia parece correlacionar-se negativamente com a
intensidade de sentimentos e pensamentos relativos à espontaneidade. O psicodrama,
acedendo a esta intensidade, poderá aceder à identificação e reintegração de experiências
traumáticas, bem como ao desenvolvimento da capacidade imagética, apresentando-se como
uma abordagem psicoterapêutica potencialmente promissora na alexitimia.
Alexithymia has been known as a risk factor for some health, psychiatric or behavioral problems that are influenced by disordered affect regulation. Often deemed immutable, few are the studies on successful psychotherapeutic approaches with alexithymic patients. In the literature, has been considered the hipothesis that treatments that encourage greater attention to internal experience may result in less alexithymia. Psychodrama, through spontaneity, promotes living those internal experiences, by bringing the body to therapy. Recently, David A. Kipper proposes the reformulation of psychodrama as an experiencial reintegration action therapy (ERAT), a corrective emotional approach. The objective of this study is to support the psychodramatic approach in alexithymia through an empirical study. The method was formed by a correlational study between alexithymia and spontaneity, using Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20) and Revised Spontaneity Assessment Inventory (SAI-R) as instruments. SAI-R adaptation was made for portuguese language. The sample is characterized by 84 patients with lupus. The results achieved in this sample showed the prevalence of high levels of alexithymia and a negative correlation between the scores obtained on TAS-20 and SAI-R. In the discussion is argued that alexithymia seems to be negatively correlated with the intensity of spontaneous feelings and thoughts. Psychodrama, by accessing this intensity, may be able to access the indentification and reintegration of traumatic experiences, as well as the development of imagetic capacity, showing up as a potencially promising psychotherapeutic approach.
Alexithymia has been known as a risk factor for some health, psychiatric or behavioral problems that are influenced by disordered affect regulation. Often deemed immutable, few are the studies on successful psychotherapeutic approaches with alexithymic patients. In the literature, has been considered the hipothesis that treatments that encourage greater attention to internal experience may result in less alexithymia. Psychodrama, through spontaneity, promotes living those internal experiences, by bringing the body to therapy. Recently, David A. Kipper proposes the reformulation of psychodrama as an experiencial reintegration action therapy (ERAT), a corrective emotional approach. The objective of this study is to support the psychodramatic approach in alexithymia through an empirical study. The method was formed by a correlational study between alexithymia and spontaneity, using Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20) and Revised Spontaneity Assessment Inventory (SAI-R) as instruments. SAI-R adaptation was made for portuguese language. The sample is characterized by 84 patients with lupus. The results achieved in this sample showed the prevalence of high levels of alexithymia and a negative correlation between the scores obtained on TAS-20 and SAI-R. In the discussion is argued that alexithymia seems to be negatively correlated with the intensity of spontaneous feelings and thoughts. Psychodrama, by accessing this intensity, may be able to access the indentification and reintegration of traumatic experiences, as well as the development of imagetic capacity, showing up as a potencially promising psychotherapeutic approach.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
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