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Desafios da meia-idade: O papel do stress, ansiedade e humor deprimido no comportamento alimentar e na gestão de peso em mulheres de meia-idade
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: Na meia-idade pode haver uma exacerbação de sintomas psicológicos (SP) nas
mulheres e um aumento de comportamentos alimentares disfuncionais (CAD) associados ao
aumento de peso. A implementação de estratégias de gestão de peso pode reverter esta
tendência. Este estudo explora se os SP predizem por um lado os CAD (Estudo 1) e, por outro,
a implementação de estratégias de gestão de peso em mulheres de meia-idade (Estudo 2).
Método: No total, 1,921 mulheres portuguesas (45-65 anos; Midade=52.21; DPidade=5.12)
preencheram um questionário online, que incluiu questões sociodemográficas, de saúde e de
sintomas psicológicos, o Three Factor Eating Questionnaire R-21 (que avaliou a Ingestão
Emocional [IE], o Descontrolo Alimentar [DC] e a Restrição Cognitiva [RC]) e a OxFord Food
and Activity Behaviours in Middle-Aged Women (que avaliou a Gestão de Impulso-Aceitação
[GI-A], a Procura de Informação [PI], o Planeamento de Conteúdo [PC], a RegulaçãoRestrições [R-R] e o Apoio-Ajuda de Outros [A-AO]). Resultados: No Estudo 1, verificou-se
que a ansiedade predisse os CAD (βRC= 0.076;p= 0.040; βIE= 0.117;p= <0.001; βDA= 0.137;p=
<0.001). O humor deprimido predisse a IE (β= 0.182;p= <0.001) e o DA (β= 0.104;p= 0.003).
No Estudo 2, a ansiedade predisse a PI (β = 0.034;p= 0.046) e o A-AO (β= 0.139;p= <0.001).
O stress predisse o A-AO (β= -0.081;p= 0.049). Conclusão: A ansiedade e o humor deprimido
estão associados com maior frequência a uma maior prevalência de CAD; o stress também
poderá ser uma barreira à implementação de estratégias de gestão de peso, sendo que devem
ser tidos em conta em futuras intervenções com este grupo de risco.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Middle-age is a time of heightened risk for the exacerbation of psychological symptoms (PS) in women and is associated with an increase in dysfunctional eating behaviours (DEB) linked to weight gain. The implementation of weight management strategies can reverse this trend. This study explores whether PS predict DEB (Study 1) and the implementation of weight management strategies in middle-aged women (Study 2). Method: Overall, 1,921 Portuguese women (45-65 years; Mage=52.21; DPage=5.12) completed an online questionnaire, which included sociodemographic, health-related and PS questions, the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire R-21 (assessing Emotional Eating [EE], Uncontrolled Eating [UE] and Cognitive Restraint [CR]) and the OxFord Food and Activity Behaviours in Middle-Aged Women (assessing Impulse Management-Acceptance [IM-A], Information Seeking [IS], Content Planning [CP], Regulation-Restrictions [R-R] and Support-Help from Others [S-HO]). Results: In study 1, anxiety predicted DEB (βCR= 0.076;p= 0.040; βEE= 0.117;p= <0.001; βUE= 0.137;p= <0.001). Depressive mood predicted EE (β= 0.182;p= <0.001) and UE (β= 0.104;p= 0.003). In study 2, anxiety predicted IS (β = 0.034;p= 0.046) and S-HO (β= 0.139;p= <0.001). Stress predicted S-HO (β= -0.081;p= 0.049). Conclusion: Anxiety and depressed mood are associated with a higher prevalence of DEB; stress may also be a barrier to the implementation of weight management strategies. These factors should be considered in future interventions targeting this at-risk group.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Middle-age is a time of heightened risk for the exacerbation of psychological symptoms (PS) in women and is associated with an increase in dysfunctional eating behaviours (DEB) linked to weight gain. The implementation of weight management strategies can reverse this trend. This study explores whether PS predict DEB (Study 1) and the implementation of weight management strategies in middle-aged women (Study 2). Method: Overall, 1,921 Portuguese women (45-65 years; Mage=52.21; DPage=5.12) completed an online questionnaire, which included sociodemographic, health-related and PS questions, the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire R-21 (assessing Emotional Eating [EE], Uncontrolled Eating [UE] and Cognitive Restraint [CR]) and the OxFord Food and Activity Behaviours in Middle-Aged Women (assessing Impulse Management-Acceptance [IM-A], Information Seeking [IS], Content Planning [CP], Regulation-Restrictions [R-R] and Support-Help from Others [S-HO]). Results: In study 1, anxiety predicted DEB (βCR= 0.076;p= 0.040; βEE= 0.117;p= <0.001; βUE= 0.137;p= <0.001). Depressive mood predicted EE (β= 0.182;p= <0.001) and UE (β= 0.104;p= 0.003). In study 2, anxiety predicted IS (β = 0.034;p= 0.046) and S-HO (β= 0.139;p= <0.001). Stress predicted S-HO (β= -0.081;p= 0.049). Conclusion: Anxiety and depressed mood are associated with a higher prevalence of DEB; stress may also be a barrier to the implementation of weight management strategies. These factors should be considered in future interventions targeting this at-risk group.
Description
Keywords
Meia-idade Mulheres Sintomas Psicológicos Comportamento Alimentar Estratégias Cognitivo-Comportamentais de Gestão de Peso Middle-age Women Psychological symptoms Eating behaviour Cognitive Behavioural Weight Management Strategies