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Publication
Teoria da mente e sintomatologia depressiva em jovens adultos
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Teoria da Mente (ToM) é uma habilidade sociocognitiva, que emerge na idade préescolar, que permite compreender e predizer estados mentais do próprio e de terceiros
(Melo, 2019). A depressão é definida como uma perturbação clínica com os critérios de
episódio depressivo major, caracterizado pela desregulação do humor disruptivo, no qual
são vivenciadas emoções pautadas pela tristeza, desesperança e falta de prazeres, que
podem ser resultado de experiências traumáticas, influenciando o funcionamento
normativo e o quotidiano da pessoa (DSM-V, 2013, pp. 160). O objetivo deste estudo
quantitativo remete para a compreensão da relação entre a ToM e a sintomatologia
depressiva em jovens adultos portugueses. Mais especificamente procura (a) explorar a
associação entre os sintomas depressivos e a ToM; (b) compreender as diferenças sobre
o desempenho da ToM entre indivíduos com sintomatologia depressiva e indivíduos sem
sintomatologia depressiva e (c) comparar o grau de severidade da sintomatologia
depressiva (ligeira, moderada e severa) ao nível do desempenho da ToM. No presente
estudo foram incluídos 73 participantes, estudantes do primeiro ano do ISPA - Instituto
Universitário, tendo sido utilizado para avaliar a sintomatologia depressiva de cada
participante, o Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI-II), e para avaliar a ToM foi
utilizado o Recognition of Faux Pas Test (FP). Não foram encontradas relações
estatisticamente significativas entre a ToM e os diferentes níveis de sintomatologia
depressiva. Algumas limitações verificadas incluem a homogeneidade e pequena
dimensão da amostra, a utilização de um instrumento de autorrelato, bem como a
avaliação de apenas de uma das componentes da ToM. Sugestões para estudos futuros
direcionam-se para a realização de um estudo longitudinal, de forma a explorar a relação
entre a ToM e a Depressão. Considerando que o número de depressões aumentou durante
a COVID-19 torna-se relevante compreender as suas repercussões ao nível da ToM.
ABSTRACT: Theory of Mind (ToM) is a sociocognitive skill that emerges at preschool age, that allows understanding and predicting mental states of oneself and others (Melo, 2019). Depression is defined as a clinical disorder with the criteria of a major depressive episode, characterized by disruptive mood dysregulation, in which emotions based on sadness, hopelessness and lack of pleasure are experienced, which can be the result of traumatic experiences, influencing normative functioning and the person’s daily life (DSM-V, 2013, pp.160). The objective of this study quantitative refers to the understanding the relationship between ToM and depressive symptomatology in young Portuguese adults. More specifically, (a) explore the association between depressive symptoms and ToM; (b) understand the differences on the performance of ToM between individuals with depressive symptoms and individuals without depressive symptoms and (c) compare the degree of severity of depressive symptoms (mild, moderate, and severe) to the level of ToM performance. In the present study, 73 participants were included, first-year students in psychology at ISPA – Instituto Universitario, in which the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) was used to assess the depressive symptomatology of each participant, and to assess the ToM the Recognition of Faux Pas Test (FP) was used. No statistically significant relationships were found between ToM and different levels of depressive symptoms. Some limitations observed include the homogeneity and small representativeness of the sample, the use of a self-report instrument, as well as the evaluation of only one of the ToM components. Suggestions for future studies are directed towards carrying out a longitudinal study, to explore the relationship between ToM and Depression and considering that the number of depressions increased during COVID-19, it becomes relevant to understand its repercussions at the level of Tom.
ABSTRACT: Theory of Mind (ToM) is a sociocognitive skill that emerges at preschool age, that allows understanding and predicting mental states of oneself and others (Melo, 2019). Depression is defined as a clinical disorder with the criteria of a major depressive episode, characterized by disruptive mood dysregulation, in which emotions based on sadness, hopelessness and lack of pleasure are experienced, which can be the result of traumatic experiences, influencing normative functioning and the person’s daily life (DSM-V, 2013, pp.160). The objective of this study quantitative refers to the understanding the relationship between ToM and depressive symptomatology in young Portuguese adults. More specifically, (a) explore the association between depressive symptoms and ToM; (b) understand the differences on the performance of ToM between individuals with depressive symptoms and individuals without depressive symptoms and (c) compare the degree of severity of depressive symptoms (mild, moderate, and severe) to the level of ToM performance. In the present study, 73 participants were included, first-year students in psychology at ISPA – Instituto Universitario, in which the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) was used to assess the depressive symptomatology of each participant, and to assess the ToM the Recognition of Faux Pas Test (FP) was used. No statistically significant relationships were found between ToM and different levels of depressive symptoms. Some limitations observed include the homogeneity and small representativeness of the sample, the use of a self-report instrument, as well as the evaluation of only one of the ToM components. Suggestions for future studies are directed towards carrying out a longitudinal study, to explore the relationship between ToM and Depression and considering that the number of depressions increased during COVID-19, it becomes relevant to understand its repercussions at the level of Tom.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no Ispa –
Instituto Universitário para obtenção
de grau de Mestre na especialidade de
Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde
Keywords
Teoria da mente Sintomatologia depressiva Jovens adultos portugueses Estudo quantitativo Theory of mind Symptomatology depressive, Portuguese young adults Study quantitative