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Técnicas de entrevista forense : comparação da eficácia da self-administered interview e da recuperação por categorias
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Abstract(s)
Têm sido notáveis os esforços, por parte dos investigadores, no sentido de aumentar a quantidade e qualidade dos relatos de testemunhas oculares de crimes, sendo estes fundamentais na resolução das investigações policiais. Este estudo vem, por isso, procurar comparar a eficácia de duas técnicas de entrevista investigativa: a Self-Administered Interview (SAI) e a Recuperação por Categorias (RC).
Para isto, foram selecionados quarenta participantes com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 30 anos. Todos os participantes visualizaram um vídeo com a simulação de um evento crime e foram entrevistados acerca do mesmo, cerca de uma hora depois da visualização do vídeo, através do protocolo da SAI ou da RC, dependendo do grupo a que cada participante pertencia.
Os nossos resultados evidenciaram que participantes entrevistados através da SAI relataram um maior número de detalhes sobre a categoria de informação “pessoas”, comparativamente ao grupo RC, não comprometendo a precisão da mesma. Não foram encontradas outras diferenças significativas, pelo que ambas as técnicas parecem revelar-se igualmente eficazes.
Researchers all over the world have been trying to improve the way eyewitnesses are interviewed in forensic contexts, because their testimonies are often crucial to the resolution of a crime investigation. There have been a great amount of studies exploring the efficacy of different interview techniques, in order to assure interviewers, retrieve more and more accurate information from adult witnesses. The present study compared the effectiveness of two techniques used by investigative interviewers: Self-Administered Interview (SAI) and Cluster Recall (CR). For this purpose, forty 18 to 30 years old participants were selected. All participants watched a video about a staged crime and were interviewed about it, approximately one hour later, either with the SAI protocol or the CR protocol, depending on the group each participant was assigned to. Our findings showed that participants interviewed with the SAI recalled more information about the category “people” than participants interviewed with the CR, without compromising the accuracy of this information. There were no other significant differences, thus both techniques seem to be equally effective.
Researchers all over the world have been trying to improve the way eyewitnesses are interviewed in forensic contexts, because their testimonies are often crucial to the resolution of a crime investigation. There have been a great amount of studies exploring the efficacy of different interview techniques, in order to assure interviewers, retrieve more and more accurate information from adult witnesses. The present study compared the effectiveness of two techniques used by investigative interviewers: Self-Administered Interview (SAI) and Cluster Recall (CR). For this purpose, forty 18 to 30 years old participants were selected. All participants watched a video about a staged crime and were interviewed about it, approximately one hour later, either with the SAI protocol or the CR protocol, depending on the group each participant was assigned to. Our findings showed that participants interviewed with the SAI recalled more information about the category “people” than participants interviewed with the CR, without compromising the accuracy of this information. There were no other significant differences, thus both techniques seem to be equally effective.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário
para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade
de Psicologia Clínica
Keywords
Investigação forense Testemunhas oculares Self-administered interview Recuperação por categorias Forensic Interview Eyewitness Testimony Self-Administered Interview Cluster Recall.