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Publication
Sugestionabilidade na obtenção do testemunho de crianças e consequente impacto na avaliação da credibilidade das declarações
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A obtenção do testemunho de crianças é ainda pautada por dificuldades sentidas pelos
profissionais, bem como por erros na condução de entrevistas que, em consequência, impactam
na precisão do relato. O presente estudo examinou a influência de características
desenvolvimentais de 38 crianças, com idades compreendidas entre os seis e oito anos, na
precisão da recordação e na aquiescência à sugestionabilidade. Os participantes visualizaram
um vídeo e, uma semana depois foram entrevistados com o Protocolo de Entrevista Forense do
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). Posteriormente, o relato
foi avaliado com recurso à Grelha de Análise de Conteúdo das Declarações (CBCA). Foi
explorado a (in)existência de relações entre a quantidade e precisão da informação relatada, o
número de detalhes incorretos e de sugestão e o total obtido na CBCA. As crianças mais velhas
demonstraram-se mais precisas nos seus relatos, bem como menos suscetíveis à sugestão, em
relação a crianças mais novas. Verificou-se que características como o sexo e o Quociente de
Inteligência Verbal não influenciaram a quantidade e precisão do relato, nem a vulnerabilidade
à sugestão. A utilização de questões abertas permitiu obter relatos mais precisos. Por fim, a
grelha CBCA não se demonstrou totalmente capacitada na identificação de relatos verdadeiros,
relatos falsos, nem sensível a relatos sugestionados
Obtaining the children’s testimony is also guided by difficulties felt by professionals, as well as errors in conducting interviews that, consequently, impact the accuracy of the report. The present study examined the influence of developmental characteristics of 38 children, aged between six and eight years, on the recall's accuracy and acquiescence to suggestibility. Participants viewed a video and a week later were interviewed with the Forensic Interview Protocol of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). Subsequently, the report was evaluated using the Criteria-Based Content Analysis (CBCA). It was explored the (in)existence of relationships between the information's amount and accuracy reported, the number of incorrect and suggestion details and the total obtained in the CBCA. Older children were more accurate in their reports, as well as less susceptible to suggestion, in relation to younger children. It was verified that characteristics such as sex and Verbal Intelligence Quotient (VIQ) did not influence the report’s amount and accuracy, nor the vulnerability to suggestion. The use of open questions allowed to obtain more accurate reports. Finally, the CBCA was not fully qualified in identifying true reports, false reports, or sensitive to suggested reports.
Obtaining the children’s testimony is also guided by difficulties felt by professionals, as well as errors in conducting interviews that, consequently, impact the accuracy of the report. The present study examined the influence of developmental characteristics of 38 children, aged between six and eight years, on the recall's accuracy and acquiescence to suggestibility. Participants viewed a video and a week later were interviewed with the Forensic Interview Protocol of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). Subsequently, the report was evaluated using the Criteria-Based Content Analysis (CBCA). It was explored the (in)existence of relationships between the information's amount and accuracy reported, the number of incorrect and suggestion details and the total obtained in the CBCA. Older children were more accurate in their reports, as well as less susceptible to suggestion, in relation to younger children. It was verified that characteristics such as sex and Verbal Intelligence Quotient (VIQ) did not influence the report’s amount and accuracy, nor the vulnerability to suggestion. The use of open questions allowed to obtain more accurate reports. Finally, the CBCA was not fully qualified in identifying true reports, false reports, or sensitive to suggested reports.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para
obtenção de grau de Mestre na Especialidade de
Psicologia Clínica
Keywords
Crianças testemunhas Entrevista forense NICHD Sugestionabilidade CBCA Child witnesses Forensic interview Suggestibility