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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Segundo os dados da Organização Mundial da Saúde, o tabagismo é
identificado como a principal causa do aumento da mortalidade evitável mundialmente,
representando não só uma ameaça à saúde do próprio consumidor, como também à saúde
pública. Com o intuito de perceber a forma como os fumadores, não-fumadores e exfumadores, encaram o tabagismo, o presente estudo teve como principal objetivo avaliar
a relação entre a perceção de risco e a busca de sensações, numa amostra adulta da
população portuguesa.Método: A amostra foi constituída por 124 participantes, dividida
em três condições de hábito tabágico (Fumadores, Ex-Fumadores e Não-Fumadores),
com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 68 anos (Fumadores: M = 29.3%; DP =
11.3%; Ex-Fumadores: M = 37.7%; DP = 16.1%; Não-Fumadores: M = 30%; DP =
10.7%), tendo sido obtidos um total de 55 participantes fumadores, 21 participantes exfumadores e 48 participantes não fumadores. Os participantes responderam a um
questionário online que incluiu questões sociodemográficas, de caracterização do hábito
tabágico, o Teste de Fagerström para Dependência da Nicotina – TFDN, o Perceived Risk
and Benefits Questionnaire - PRBQ e o Sensation Seeking Scale – SSSV. Resultados:
Os resultados obtidos sugerem uma associação significativa entre a dependência da
nicotina e a perceção de riscos (r = .315; p = 0.01), indicando que os participantes com
maiores níveis de dependência apresentaram maior perceção dos riscos. De igual forma,
os resultados mostraram uma associação entre a busca de sensações e a perceção de riscos
(r = .360; p = 0.07), indicando que os participantes que apresentaram níveis mais elevados
de busca de sensações tiveram maior perceção dos riscos do tabaco. O modelo aplicado
de regressão linear mostrou valores significativos entre a busca de sensações e a perceção
de riscos [F (4, 50) = 2.975; p < 0.001, R2
a= 0.128], sendo que, apenas o preditor
“Desinibição” se mostrou significativo [b = 0.238; β = 0.469; t (35) = 2.352; p < 0,023].
Conclusão: Observou-se que o traço busca de sensações e desinibição estão associados
à perceção dos riscos acerca do tabagismo, especialmente em indivíduos fumadores.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: According to data from the World Health Organization, smoking is identified as the main cause of the increase in preventable mortality worldwide, representing not only a threat to the health of the consumer, but also to public health. In order to understand how smokers, non-smokers and ex-smokers view smoking, the main aim of this study was to assess the relationship between risk perception and sensationseeking in an adult sample of the Portuguese population. Method: The sample consisted of 124 participants, divided into three conditions by smoking habit (smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers), aged between 18 and 68 (smokers: M = 29.3%; SD = 11.3%; exsmokers: M = 37.7%; SD = 16.1%; non-smokers: M = 30%; SD = 10.7%), with a total of 55 smokers, 21 ex-smokers and 48 non-smokers. Participants answered an online questionnaire which included sociodemographic questions, characterization of smoking habits, the Fagerström Test for Smoking Dependence - TFDN, the Perceived Risk and Benefits Questionnaire - PRBQ and the Sensation Seeking Scale – SSSV. Results: The results obtained suggest a significant association between nicotine dependence and risk perception (r = .315; p = 0.01), indicating that participants with higher levels of dependence showed greater risk perception. Similarly, the results showed an association between sensation-seeking and risk perception (r = .360; p = 0.07), indicating that participants with higher levels of sensation-seeking had a higher perception of the risks of smoking. The linear regression model applied showed significant values between sensation-seeking and risk perception [F (4, 50) = 2.975; p < 0.001, R 2 a= 0.128], with only the Disinhibition predictor proving significant [b = 0.238; β = 0.469; t (35) = 2.352; p < 0.023]. Conclusion: It was observed that the sensation-seeking trait and disinhibition are associated with the perception of smoking risks, especially in smokers.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: According to data from the World Health Organization, smoking is identified as the main cause of the increase in preventable mortality worldwide, representing not only a threat to the health of the consumer, but also to public health. In order to understand how smokers, non-smokers and ex-smokers view smoking, the main aim of this study was to assess the relationship between risk perception and sensationseeking in an adult sample of the Portuguese population. Method: The sample consisted of 124 participants, divided into three conditions by smoking habit (smokers, ex-smokers and non-smokers), aged between 18 and 68 (smokers: M = 29.3%; SD = 11.3%; exsmokers: M = 37.7%; SD = 16.1%; non-smokers: M = 30%; SD = 10.7%), with a total of 55 smokers, 21 ex-smokers and 48 non-smokers. Participants answered an online questionnaire which included sociodemographic questions, characterization of smoking habits, the Fagerström Test for Smoking Dependence - TFDN, the Perceived Risk and Benefits Questionnaire - PRBQ and the Sensation Seeking Scale – SSSV. Results: The results obtained suggest a significant association between nicotine dependence and risk perception (r = .315; p = 0.01), indicating that participants with higher levels of dependence showed greater risk perception. Similarly, the results showed an association between sensation-seeking and risk perception (r = .360; p = 0.07), indicating that participants with higher levels of sensation-seeking had a higher perception of the risks of smoking. The linear regression model applied showed significant values between sensation-seeking and risk perception [F (4, 50) = 2.975; p < 0.001, R 2 a= 0.128], with only the Disinhibition predictor proving significant [b = 0.238; β = 0.469; t (35) = 2.352; p < 0.023]. Conclusion: It was observed that the sensation-seeking trait and disinhibition are associated with the perception of smoking risks, especially in smokers.
Description
Dissertação de Mestradoapresentada no ISPA – Instituto
Universitário, para obtenção do grau de
Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia
Clínica
Keywords
Tabagismo Busca de sensações Perceção de riscos Dependência da nicotina Smoking Sensation seeking Risk perception Nicotine dependence