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Publication
Consequências percebidas e autoconceito associados à manutenção da obesidade : um estudo qualitativo
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: Em 2014, segundo os dados publicados pelo Inquérito Nacional de Saúde, a pre-valência da obesidade nos adultos representava 16,2% em Portugal Continental, 18,5% na Ma-deira, e 22,1% nos Açores. A presente investigação pretende explorar as consequências perce-bidas da manutenção da obesidade e o autoconceito espontâneo em adultos. Método: A amostra é composta por 33 mulheres e 13 homens com idade média de 45,5 anos (DP=11,91 anos) e IMC médio de 39,3kg/m2 (DP=5,55kg/m2). Foram realizadas entrevistas individuais; de se-guida transcritas e codificadas com o recurso a duas técnicas: a análise de conteúdo e a análise temática. Resultados: As consequências negativas da manutenção da obesidade identificadas na amostra (N=46) foram classificadas entre as seguintes categorias: mobilidade (citada por n=39); social (n=34); saúde (n=33); pessoal (n=30); familiares (n=17); parceiro(a); (n=13), pro-fissional (n=12) e filhos (n=11). Consequências positivas foram igualmente mencionadas: a manutenção de uma dieta sem restrições, a boa disposição, sendo esta uma consequência resul-tante da primeira, ser alvo de exigências menores a nível académico e não ter rugas. O autocon-ceito espontâneo negativo obteve no global maior número de menções que o positivo; e foi evidenciado uma insatisfação com a imagem corporal na maioria da amostra. Conclusão: O autoconceito espontâneo positivo, apesar de ser menos representado, poderá revelar focos tera-pêuticos a serem aproveitados em contexto clínico (e.g., traços psicológicos). Por outro lado, entende-se a importância de identificar as consequências percebidas, quer positivas (e.g., boa disposição), quer negativas (e.g., experiências de estigmatização) pela possibilidade de serem barreiras à perda de peso bem-sucedida.
Introduction: In 2014, according to data published by the National Health Survey, the preva-lence of obesity in adults represented 16.2% in mainland Portugal, 18.5% in Madeira, and 22.1% in the Azores. This research aims to explore the perceived consequences of maintaining obesity and spontaneous self-concept in adults. Method: The sample consists of 33 women and 13 men with a mean age of 45.5 years (SD=11.91 years) and a mean BMI of 39.3kg/m2 (SD = 5.55 kg/m2). Individual interviews were conducted; then transcribed and coded using two tech-niques: content analysis and thematic analysis. Results: The perceived negative consequences of maintaining obesity identified in the sample (N=46) were classified into the following cate-gories: mobility (cited by n=39); social (n=34); health (n=33); personal (n=30); family members (n=17); partner (n=13); professional (n=12); and children (n=11). Positive consequences were also mentioned: the maintenance of a diet without restrictions, the good mood, which is a con-sequence of the first, being subjected to lower academic requirements and not having wrinkles. Negative spontaneous self-concept obtained a greater number of mentions than positive ones; and dissatisfaction with body image was evidenced in most of the sample. Conclusion: Positive spontaneous self-concept, although less represented, may reveal therapeutic foci to be har-nessed in the clinical context (e.g., psychological traits). On the other hand, it is understood the importance of identifying the perceived consequences, either positive (e.g., good mood) or neg-ative (e.g., stigmatization experiences) by the possibility of being barriers to weight loss.
Introduction: In 2014, according to data published by the National Health Survey, the preva-lence of obesity in adults represented 16.2% in mainland Portugal, 18.5% in Madeira, and 22.1% in the Azores. This research aims to explore the perceived consequences of maintaining obesity and spontaneous self-concept in adults. Method: The sample consists of 33 women and 13 men with a mean age of 45.5 years (SD=11.91 years) and a mean BMI of 39.3kg/m2 (SD = 5.55 kg/m2). Individual interviews were conducted; then transcribed and coded using two tech-niques: content analysis and thematic analysis. Results: The perceived negative consequences of maintaining obesity identified in the sample (N=46) were classified into the following cate-gories: mobility (cited by n=39); social (n=34); health (n=33); personal (n=30); family members (n=17); partner (n=13); professional (n=12); and children (n=11). Positive consequences were also mentioned: the maintenance of a diet without restrictions, the good mood, which is a con-sequence of the first, being subjected to lower academic requirements and not having wrinkles. Negative spontaneous self-concept obtained a greater number of mentions than positive ones; and dissatisfaction with body image was evidenced in most of the sample. Conclusion: Positive spontaneous self-concept, although less represented, may reveal therapeutic foci to be har-nessed in the clinical context (e.g., psychological traits). On the other hand, it is understood the importance of identifying the perceived consequences, either positive (e.g., good mood) or neg-ative (e.g., stigmatization experiences) by the possibility of being barriers to weight loss.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Univer-sitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia da Saúde
Keywords
Obesidade adultos Consequências percebidas Autoconceito espontâneo Estudo qualitativo Obesity Adults Perceived consequences Spontaneous self-concept Qualitative study