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A relação entre a perceção de aceitação-rejeição parental e o género,autoconceito e autoestima de adolescentes
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Abstract(s)
Tendo como base a teoria da Aceitação-Rejeição Parental (PARTheory) de Rohner (2005), os objetivos deste estudo consistiram em analisar o efeito do género na perceção de proximidade parental e, também, a relação entre a perceção de aceitação parental e a autoestima e autoconceito dos adolescentes. Participaram neste estudo 139 alunos do 7º, 8º, e 9º anos de escolaridade, de uma escola da região de Lisboa. Para avaliar a perceção de proximidade parental foram utilizadas duas escalas, a “Perceção da atitude da mãe (PAM)” e a “Perceção da atitude do pai (PAP)”. Para avaliar o autoconceito e autoestima foi utilizada a escala “Como é que eu sou”. Os resultados permitiram constatar que, em relação à aceitação e rejeição materna, não existem diferenças significativas entre géneros. No entanto, no que concerne à perceção de aceitação, e também rejeição paterna, já se verificam diferenças significativas entre os géneros, sendo que os adolescentes do género masculino se percecionam com níveis mais elevados de aceitação paterna; e os adolescentes do género feminino com níveis mais elevados de rejeição paterna. Constatou-se, ainda, a existência de correlações significativas positivas entre o autoconceito não académico e a perceção de aceitação parental; e entre a autoestima e a perceção de aceitação parental.
Based on Rohner’s (2005) Parental Acceptance-Rejection Theory, this study sought to analyze whether the level of perception of parental proximity differs according to the gender of the adolescent and also the impact of the perception of parental acceptance in the self-esteem and the self-concept of the adolescents. To this end, 139 students from the 7th, 8th and 9th grades of a school in the Lisbon region were questioned. A mother's attitude perception (MAP) and a father’s attitude perception (FAP) scales were used, as well as a scale of self-concept and self-esteem, in order to evaluate perception of parental proximity and self-esteem and self-concept, respectively. The results regarding both the perception of maternal acceptance and maternal rejection show no significant diferences between genders. On the contrary, significant diferences are emphasized between adolescents of the female gender and the masculine gender, concerning the perception of paternal acceptance, concluding that the highest levels in the perception of parental acceptance correspond to the male adolescents, and also, regarding the perception of paternal rejection, where adolescents of the feminine gender perceive themselves with the highest levels of paternal rejection. It was also verified the existence of significant positive correlations between the non-academic self-concept and the perception of parental acceptance and between the self-esteem and the parental acceptance perception.
Based on Rohner’s (2005) Parental Acceptance-Rejection Theory, this study sought to analyze whether the level of perception of parental proximity differs according to the gender of the adolescent and also the impact of the perception of parental acceptance in the self-esteem and the self-concept of the adolescents. To this end, 139 students from the 7th, 8th and 9th grades of a school in the Lisbon region were questioned. A mother's attitude perception (MAP) and a father’s attitude perception (FAP) scales were used, as well as a scale of self-concept and self-esteem, in order to evaluate perception of parental proximity and self-esteem and self-concept, respectively. The results regarding both the perception of maternal acceptance and maternal rejection show no significant diferences between genders. On the contrary, significant diferences are emphasized between adolescents of the female gender and the masculine gender, concerning the perception of paternal acceptance, concluding that the highest levels in the perception of parental acceptance correspond to the male adolescents, and also, regarding the perception of paternal rejection, where adolescents of the feminine gender perceive themselves with the highest levels of paternal rejection. It was also verified the existence of significant positive correlations between the non-academic self-concept and the perception of parental acceptance and between the self-esteem and the parental acceptance perception.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Educacional.
Keywords
Aceitação/ rejeição parental Autoconceito Autoestima Rejeição parental Género Parental acceptance Parental rejection Gender Self-concept Self-esteem