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Publication
Práticas alimentares parentais e os seus determinantes.
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A prevalência da obesidade infantil tem vindo a aumentar nos últimos anos, e visto que os
pais são os responsáveis pela criação dos hábitos alimentares dos filhos, o objetivo do
presente estudo é averiguar numa amostra de mães e pais com filhos entre os 2 e os 18 anos,
se as práticas alimentares parentais são determinadas pelos comportamentos alimentares dos
pais, pela sua autoeficácia percebida e por variáveis sociodemográficas. A amostra é
constituída por 252 participantes, com idades compreendidas entre os 23 e os 57 anos e com
um IMC médio de 25kg/m2. Aplicou-se o Questionário de Estilo Alimentar Parental (QEAP),
a subescala Autoeficácia da Escala de Expectativas Generalizadas de Controlo (BEEGC-20)
e o Questionário Holandês do Comportamento Alimentar (QHCA). Procedeu-se à construção
do modelo de equações estruturais entre a variável dependente (QEAP) e as variáveis
independentes (autoeficácia, QHCA e variáveis sociodemográficas). Os resultados indicaram
que a autoeficácia se associa ao encorajamento (β=0,290; p=0,012), à alimentação emocional
(β=-0,319; p<0,001) e instrumental (β=-0,295; p<0,001). A ingestão emocional associa-se à
alimentação emocional (β=0,171; p=0,004). A ingestão externa correlaciona-se com o
controlo (β=-0,155; p=0,031), alimentação instrumental (β=0,273; p<0,001) e emocional
(β=0,137; p=0,034). Os resultados indicaram que pais com maior capacidade de autoeficácia
geral tendem a exercer práticas alimentares parentais mais saudáveis, verificando-se
igualmente que o tipo de comportamento alimentar dos pais prediz o comportamento
alimentar praticado com os filhos, o que demonstra a influência destes no ambiente alimentar
dos filhos e a sua importância enquanto provedores de práticas alimentares saudáveis.
ABSTRACT: The prevalence of child obesity has been increasing in recent years and, since the parents are responsible for creating their child’s eating habits, the aim of the present study is to ascertain, on a sample of mothers and fathers with children between the age of 2 and 18 years old, if the parental feeding pratices are determined by the parental eating behaviour, by the perceived self-efficacy and by sociodemographic variables. The sample consists of 252 participants, aged in principle between 23 and 57 years old and with a mean BMI 25kg/m2. The Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire (PFSQ), the self-efficacy sub scale of Generalized Expectations of Control Scale (BEEGC-20) and the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ) were conducted. A Structural Equation Modelling was made between the dependent variable (PFSQ) and the independent variables (self-efficacy, DEBQ and the sociodemographic variables). The results indicated that the self-efficacy associates itself with encouragement (β=0,290; p=0,012), emotional eating (β=-0,319; p<0,001) and instrumental eating (β=- 0,295; p<0.001). The emotional eating (DEBQ) associates itself with emotional eating (β=0,171; p=0,004). The external eating (DEBQ) correlates itself with control (β=-0,155; p=0,031), instrumental eating (β=0,273; p<0,001) and emocional eating (β=0,137; p=0,034). The results indicated that parents with greater capacity of general self-efficacy tend to practice healthier parental feeding practices, being equally verified that the type of eating behaviour of the parents predicts the parental feeding pratices practiced by their children, which shows their influence on the feeding environment of the children and their importance as providers of healthy feeding practices.
ABSTRACT: The prevalence of child obesity has been increasing in recent years and, since the parents are responsible for creating their child’s eating habits, the aim of the present study is to ascertain, on a sample of mothers and fathers with children between the age of 2 and 18 years old, if the parental feeding pratices are determined by the parental eating behaviour, by the perceived self-efficacy and by sociodemographic variables. The sample consists of 252 participants, aged in principle between 23 and 57 years old and with a mean BMI 25kg/m2. The Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire (PFSQ), the self-efficacy sub scale of Generalized Expectations of Control Scale (BEEGC-20) and the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ) were conducted. A Structural Equation Modelling was made between the dependent variable (PFSQ) and the independent variables (self-efficacy, DEBQ and the sociodemographic variables). The results indicated that the self-efficacy associates itself with encouragement (β=0,290; p=0,012), emotional eating (β=-0,319; p<0,001) and instrumental eating (β=- 0,295; p<0.001). The emotional eating (DEBQ) associates itself with emotional eating (β=0,171; p=0,004). The external eating (DEBQ) correlates itself with control (β=-0,155; p=0,031), instrumental eating (β=0,273; p<0,001) and emocional eating (β=0,137; p=0,034). The results indicated that parents with greater capacity of general self-efficacy tend to practice healthier parental feeding practices, being equally verified that the type of eating behaviour of the parents predicts the parental feeding pratices practiced by their children, which shows their influence on the feeding environment of the children and their importance as providers of healthy feeding practices.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Comportamento alimentar parental Práticas alimentares parentais Autoeficácia Parental eating behaviour Parental feeding practices Self-efficacy Parental eating behaviour Parental feeding practices Self-efficacy