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Publication
Neurociência do brincar : revisão scoping
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O Brincar tem sido pouco explorado e tem sido investigado sobretudo como um meio para alcançar um objetivo. Com os avanços da neurociência é possível aumentar o conhecimento sobre as relações cérebro-comportamento. O brincar na visão neurocientífica tem sido essencialmente explorado com base no modelo animal.
Neste contexto, a presente revisão Scoping tem como objetivo identificar o estado da arte sobre a neurociência do brincar em mamíferos. No total dos seis estudos incluídos, cinco avaliaram as bases neurais do brincar social em ratos, inclusive rough and tumble play. Apenas um dos estudos analisados abordou o brincar simbólico em humanos. Nas investigações realizadas o brincar foi avaliado através da análise comportamental e da componente neural, com técnica de imagem fNRIS e análise molecular.
Os resultados encontrados apontam que durante o brincar ocorre uma ativação de estruturas cerebrais do sistema límbico (hipotálamo, amígdala, cíngulo, tálamo e habénula), do córtex pré-frontal e orbitofrontal e do sulco temporal superior posterior. Sinaliza-se também a atividade química de opióides, endocanabinóides, dopamina, oxitocina e noradrenalina. Com os estudos observados é possível verificar que o brincar envolve três circuitos neurais: circuitos responsáveis pela motivação (estruturas límbicas), pela motricidade (estruturas somatossensoriais) e pelo funcionamento executivo (córtex frontal).
Play has been little explored and has been investigated mainly as a means to achieve a goal. With advances in neuroscience, it is possible to increase knowledge about brain-behavior relationships. Play in the neuroscientific view has been essentially explored based on the animal model. In this context, this Scoping review aims to identify the state of the art on the neuroscience of playing in mammals. Six studies analyzed assessed the neural bases of social play, including rough and tumble play. Only one study addressed symbolic play in humans. In the investigations carried out, playing was evaluated through behavioral and neural component analysis, with the fNRIS image technique and molecular analysis. The results found show that, when play, there is an activation of brain structures of the limbic system (hypothalamus, amygdala, cingulate, thalamus and habenula), the prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex and posterior superior temporal sulcus. The chemical activity of opioids, endocannabinoids, dopamine, oxytocine and norepinephrine is also signaled. From the observed studies, it is possible to verify that play involves three neural circuits: circuits responsible for motivation (limbic structures), motricity (somatosensory structures) and executive function (frontal cortex).
Play has been little explored and has been investigated mainly as a means to achieve a goal. With advances in neuroscience, it is possible to increase knowledge about brain-behavior relationships. Play in the neuroscientific view has been essentially explored based on the animal model. In this context, this Scoping review aims to identify the state of the art on the neuroscience of playing in mammals. Six studies analyzed assessed the neural bases of social play, including rough and tumble play. Only one study addressed symbolic play in humans. In the investigations carried out, playing was evaluated through behavioral and neural component analysis, with the fNRIS image technique and molecular analysis. The results found show that, when play, there is an activation of brain structures of the limbic system (hypothalamus, amygdala, cingulate, thalamus and habenula), the prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex and posterior superior temporal sulcus. The chemical activity of opioids, endocannabinoids, dopamine, oxytocine and norepinephrine is also signaled. From the observed studies, it is possible to verify that play involves three neural circuits: circuits responsible for motivation (limbic structures), motricity (somatosensory structures) and executive function (frontal cortex).
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre de Neurociências Cognitivas e Comportamentais Ramo Aplicado
Keywords
Neurociência Circuito neural Brincar social Brincar livre Brincar simbólico Neuroscience Neural circuit Social play Free play Pretend play