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Measuring sustainability: A validation study of a Triple Bottom Line (TBL) Scale in Portugal

2024Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorSabino, Ana
dc.contributor.authorMoreira, Ana
dc.contributor.authorCesário, Francisco José Santos
dc.contributor.authorPinto Coelho, Mafalda
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-11T15:14:01Z
dc.date.available2024-09-11T15:14:01Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractStudies on sustainability using the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) approach are increasing. However, there is no consensus on how to measure the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of sustainability based on TBL theory. Despite numerous proposals, there is a lack of integrated measures covering all three dimensions simultaneously and having a human-centered approach. This gap is particularly pronounced in Portugal, where no existing scale adequately meets the needs of academics and practitioners. To address this challenge, and based on existing measures that encompass the nature of each TBL dimension, we present and validate a 15-item TBL scale, with 5 items per dimension: economic, social, and environmental. To test convergent validity and contribute to the discussion regarding the links between TBL and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), we also analyzed the association between each TBL dimension and each CSR dimension. Using a sample of 635 participants, divided into two independent sub-samples, we conducted comprehensive statistical analyses, including exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, reliability testing, and convergent and discriminant analysis, followed by invariance testing of the TBL scale. The results suggest that the proposed measure fits the Portuguese sample, and all psychometric results are robust. We also establish the links between the three dimensions of TBL— economic, social, and environmental—and the CSR dimensions, as convergent validity is verified between social TBL and employees' CSR practices. We discuss theoretical and practical implications, as well as limitations and suggestions for future research.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação para a Ci^encia e TEcnologia - FCTpt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationSabino, A., Moreira, A., Coelho, M. P., & Cesário, F. (2024). Measuring sustainability: A validation study of a Triple Bottom Line (TBL) Scale in Portugal. Emerging Science Journal, 8(3), 899–916. https://doi.org/10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-03-06pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.28991/ESJ-2024-08-03-06pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn26109182
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/9927
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherItal Publicationpt_PT
dc.relationFCT/UIDB/05299/2020pt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectSustainabilitypt_PT
dc.subjectCSRpt_PT
dc.subjectTBLpt_PT
dc.subjectCorporate Social Responsibilitypt_PT
dc.subjectSustainable Developmentpt_PT
dc.subjectScale Developmentpt_PT
dc.subjectSurvey-based Researchpt_PT
dc.titleMeasuring sustainability: A validation study of a Triple Bottom Line (TBL) Scale in Portugalpt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.conferencePlaceItalypt_PT
oaire.citation.endPage916pt_PT
oaire.citation.issue3pt_PT
oaire.citation.startPage899pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleEmerging Science Journalpt_PT
oaire.citation.volume8pt_PT
person.familyNameFernandes Pereira do Nascimento Sabino
person.familyNameMoreira
person.familyNameCesário
person.familyNamePinto Coelho
person.givenNameAna Margarida
person.givenNameAna Catarina
person.givenNameFrancisco
person.givenNameMafalda
person.identifier2091692
person.identifier.ciencia-id2416-06AF-2646
person.identifier.ciencia-idC81E-CC41-DFB0
person.identifier.ciencia-idF01F-23E8-4DB3
person.identifier.ciencia-idE41F-38CA-84EB
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-3015-6618
person.identifier.orcid0000-0001-7031-6738
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-0895-017X
person.identifier.orcid0000-0002-1794-1742
person.identifier.ridJ-3140-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id16234261500
person.identifier.scopus-author-id55338221100
rcaap.rightsopenAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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