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Construção e Validação da Versão Preliminar da Escala da Aspiração à Parentalidade (EAP)
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A literatura é escassa no que toca à parentalidade da população LGBTQ+. Ainda assim,
foram feitos alguns estudos que abordam algumas das dimensões que compõem a
parentalidade nesta população (Goldberg et al., 2012; Tate & Patterson, 2019; Lawson,
2004; Baiocco and Laghi, 2013; Gato et al., 2019; Leal et al., 2018), no entanto parece
ainda haver a necessidade de criar um instrumento que consiga medir todas as dimensões
que compõem a aspiração à parentalidade numa escala única. O objetivo deste estudo foi
construir e avaliar as propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Aspiração à Parentalidade
(EAP). A amostra utilizada neste estudo foi composta por 515 participantes, 199
participantes heterossexuais cisgénero e 316 participantes LGBTQ+ com idades
compreendidas entre os 20 e os 40 anos, sem filhos. A EAP é constituída por 57 itens,
dos quais 9 são destinados apenas à população LGBTQ+ distribuídos por nove potenciais
dimensões construídas teoricamente: Desejo; Intenção; Reflexão; Prioridades;
Planeamento; Timing; Formas de Concretização; Constituição de Família; Expectativas
e Dificuldades/Resiliência. Os resultados da Análise Fatorial Exploratória para a amostra
total e da AFE separadamente para pessoas heterossexuais cisgénero e pessoas LGBTQ+
revelou a presença de apenas quatro dimensões. A Análise Fatorial Exploratória para a
dimensão exclusiva para pessoas LGBTQ+ revelou a presença de duas dimensões. A
validade convergente, discriminante e a fiabilidade indicaram que a EAP é uma medida
confiável e válida para medir as aspirações à parentalidade em pessoas LGBTQ+. Apesar
destes resultados terem sido satisfatórios para esta versão preliminar seria importante dar
continuidade às análises psicométricas da escala com as novas dimensões, inclusão de
novos itens e reformulação ou até exclusão de itens que foram identificados como
problemáticos nesta análise de forma a encontrar resultados mais sólidos e consistentes.
ABSTRACT: The literature is scarce when it comes to the parenting of the LGBTQ+ population. Even so, there have been some studies that address some of the dimensions that make up parenthood in this population (Goldberg et al., 2012; Tate & Patterson, 2019; Lawson, 2004; Baiocco and Laghi, 2013; Gato et al., 2019; Leal et al., 2018), however there still seems to be a need to create an instrument that can measure all the dimensions that make up the aspiration to parenthood in a single scale. The aim of this study was to construct and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Aspiration to Parenthood Scale (EAP). The sample used in this study consisted of 515 participants, 199 cisgender heterosexual participants and 316 LGBTQ+ participants aged between 20 and 40 without children. The EAP consists of 57 items, 9 of which are aimed only at the LGBTQ+ population, distributed across nine theoretically constructed potential dimensions: Desire; Intention; Reflection; Priorities; Planning; Timing; Forms of Realization; Family Constitution; Expectations and Difficulties/Resilience. The results of the Exploratory Factor Analysis for the total sample and the EFA separately for cisgender heterosexual people and LGBTQ+ people revealed the presence of only four dimensions. The Exploratory Factor Analysis for the exclusive dimension for LGBTQ+ people revealed the presence of two dimensions. Convergent validity, discriminant validity and reliability indicated that the EAP is a reliable and valid measure of parenting aspirations in LGBTQ+ people. Although these results were satisfactory for this preliminary version, it would be important to continue the psychometric analysis of the scale with the new dimensions, including new items and reformulating or even excluding items that were identified as problematic in this analysis in order to find more solid and consistent results.
ABSTRACT: The literature is scarce when it comes to the parenting of the LGBTQ+ population. Even so, there have been some studies that address some of the dimensions that make up parenthood in this population (Goldberg et al., 2012; Tate & Patterson, 2019; Lawson, 2004; Baiocco and Laghi, 2013; Gato et al., 2019; Leal et al., 2018), however there still seems to be a need to create an instrument that can measure all the dimensions that make up the aspiration to parenthood in a single scale. The aim of this study was to construct and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Aspiration to Parenthood Scale (EAP). The sample used in this study consisted of 515 participants, 199 cisgender heterosexual participants and 316 LGBTQ+ participants aged between 20 and 40 without children. The EAP consists of 57 items, 9 of which are aimed only at the LGBTQ+ population, distributed across nine theoretically constructed potential dimensions: Desire; Intention; Reflection; Priorities; Planning; Timing; Forms of Realization; Family Constitution; Expectations and Difficulties/Resilience. The results of the Exploratory Factor Analysis for the total sample and the EFA separately for cisgender heterosexual people and LGBTQ+ people revealed the presence of only four dimensions. The Exploratory Factor Analysis for the exclusive dimension for LGBTQ+ people revealed the presence of two dimensions. Convergent validity, discriminant validity and reliability indicated that the EAP is a reliable and valid measure of parenting aspirations in LGBTQ+ people. Although these results were satisfactory for this preliminary version, it would be important to continue the psychometric analysis of the scale with the new dimensions, including new items and reformulating or even excluding items that were identified as problematic in this analysis in order to find more solid and consistent results.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado realizada sob a orientação do
Professor Doutor Pedro Alexandre Costa, apresentada no
Ispa – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau
de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Desenvolvimento de Escala Desejo Parental Minorias Sexuais e de Género Parentalidade LGBTQ+ Estigmatização de Famílias LGBTQ+ Scale Development Parental Desire Sexual and Gender Minorities LGBTQ+ Parenting Stigmatization of LGBTQ+ Families