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Racionais terapêuticos e persuasão em psicoterapias experienciais
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Problema: A persuasão do psicoterapeuta apresenta uma relação consistente com os resultados da terapia. Em particular, o ato de co-construir racionais terapêuticos tem sido apontado como fundamental para o sucesso terapêutico. Apesar da sua relevância, estas competências do psicoterapeuta permanecem entre as menos investigadas até à atualidade, sobretudo no contexto das psicoterapias experienciais.
Objetivo: Avaliar os ní veis de persuasã o e de co‐construç ã o de racionais terapê uticos ao longo das sessõ es em psicoterapias experienciais, comparando quatro abordagens distintas.
Método: Foi conduzido um estudo quantitativo de natureza observacional, no qual foram avaliados dezanove vídeos de sessões de psicoterapia para fins educacionais através da Therapist’s Persuasiveness Rating Scale (TPRS; Afonseca et al., 2023), de forma a analisar a persuasão em psicoterapias de abordagem experiencial.
Resultados: Os psicoterapeutas das quatro abordagens experienciais tenderam a co-construir racionais terapêuticos através da validação e reformulação da experiência dos clientes, enquanto a explicação de fatores que criaram ou perpetuam os problemas do cliente surgiu de forma menos consistente. Observou-se um aumento significativo na estimulação de emoções, validação e reformulação, explicação de fatores que criaram os problemas e consideração e reflexão do cliente ao longo das sessões. As abordagens apresentaram diferenças significativas quanto aos níveis de persuasão e co-construção de racionais terapêuticos.
Problem: The psychotherapist's persuasiveness has been consistently associated with therapy outcomes. In particular, the co-construction of therapeutic rationales has been identified as a key factor in therapeutic success. Despite their relevance, these psychotherapists’ skills remain among the least investigated to date, especially in the context of experiential psychotherapies. Objective: To assess levels of persuasiveness and co-construction of therapeutic rationales throughout sessions in experiential psychotherapies, comparing four distinct approaches. Method: A quantitative observational study was conducted in which nineteen videos of psychotherapy sessions for educational purposes were evaluated using the Therapist’s Persuasiveness Rating Scale (TPRS; Afonseca et al., 2023) to analyze persuasiveness in experiential psychotherapies. Results: The psychotherapists from the four experiential approaches tended to co-construct therapeutic rationales through validating and reframing clients’ experience, while the explanation of factors that created or perpetuated clients’ problems emerged less consistently. A significant increase was observed throughout sessions in emotional stimulation, validation and reframing, explanation of factors that created clients’ problems, and clients’ consideration and reflection. The approaches showed significant differences in levels of persuasiveness and co-construction of therapeutic rationales.
Problem: The psychotherapist's persuasiveness has been consistently associated with therapy outcomes. In particular, the co-construction of therapeutic rationales has been identified as a key factor in therapeutic success. Despite their relevance, these psychotherapists’ skills remain among the least investigated to date, especially in the context of experiential psychotherapies. Objective: To assess levels of persuasiveness and co-construction of therapeutic rationales throughout sessions in experiential psychotherapies, comparing four distinct approaches. Method: A quantitative observational study was conducted in which nineteen videos of psychotherapy sessions for educational purposes were evaluated using the Therapist’s Persuasiveness Rating Scale (TPRS; Afonseca et al., 2023) to analyze persuasiveness in experiential psychotherapies. Results: The psychotherapists from the four experiential approaches tended to co-construct therapeutic rationales through validating and reframing clients’ experience, while the explanation of factors that created or perpetuated clients’ problems emerged less consistently. A significant increase was observed throughout sessions in emotional stimulation, validation and reframing, explanation of factors that created clients’ problems, and clients’ consideration and reflection. The approaches showed significant differences in levels of persuasiveness and co-construction of therapeutic rationales.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Palavras-chave
Investigação em psicoterapia Persuasão Racionais terapêuticos Psicoterapias experienciais Psychotherapy research Persuasiveness Therapeutic rationales Experiential psychotherapies