Loading...
Publication
Dois lados do maltrato infantojuvenil: Dos traços psicopáticos à inibição de atitudes altruístas
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Diversos estudos indicam que o maltrato infantil como fator de risco para o comportamento criminal. Contudo, poucos estudos têm abordado a relação entre maltrato e o desenvolvimento de traços associados a padrões antissociais persistentes, enquanto que o efeito de experiências de maltrato nos comportamentos pró-sociais é praticamente desconhecido. A presente investigação tem como objectivo explorar a relação entre maltrato infantojuvenil, traços psicopáticos e atitudes altruístas em jovens adultos da comunidade. Participaram 672 jovens adultos da comunidade, com idades entre os 18 e os 20 anos, e que responderam ao Questionário de História na Infância, ao Inventário de Traços Psicopáticos e à Escala de Atitudes Altruístas. Este estudo sugere que o maltrato infantojuvenil está relacionado, tanto com o desenvolvimento de traços psicopáticos, como apresenta uma relação inversa com diferentes dimensões das altitudes altruístas. O abuso sexual foi a forma de maltrato que se associou com maior número de dimensões de traços psicopáticos, enquanto que a negligência emocional foi a experiência de maltrato que apresentou maior número de associações comas atitudes altruístas. Este estudo sugere que diferentes formas de maltrato estão relacionadas com o desenvolvimento de traços psicopáticos e de atitudes altruístas. Uma identificação precoce das experiências de maltrato é essencial para a promoção de comportamentos pró-sociais e consequente prevenção de comportamentos anti-sociais. Desta forma um conjunto de recomendações políticas e sociais, bem como orientações para estudos futuros, são sugeridas.
ABSTRACT: Several studies indicate that child maltreatment is a risk factor for criminal behavior. However, just a small number of studies have addressed the relationship between maltreatment and the development of traits associated with persistent antisocial patterns, while, the effect of experiences of maltreatment on prosocial behavior is practically unknown. The current research aims to explore the relationship between youth maltreatment, psychopathic traits and altruistic attitudes among young adults in the community. A total of 672 young adults from the community between the ages of 18 and 20 participated in this study, the Childhood History Questionnaire, the Psychopathic Traits Inventory and the Altruistic Attitudes Scale were used. This study suggests that youth maltreatment is related both to the development of psychopathic traits and negatively related to different dimensions of altruistic altitudes. Sexual abuse was the form of abuse that was associated with a greater number of psychopathic traits dimensions, while emotional neglect was the experience of maltreatment that presented a greater number of associations with altruistic attitudes dimensions. Each of the different experiences of youth maltreatment appears to be associated with specific forms of psychopathic traits and/or altruistic attitudes. This study suggests that different forms of abuse and neglect are related to the development of psychopathic traits and altruistic attitudes. Early identification of maltreatment experiences is essential for the promotion of pro-social behavior and the consequential prevention of antisocial behavior. In this way, a set of political and social recommendations, as well as guidelines for future studies, are suggested.
ABSTRACT: Several studies indicate that child maltreatment is a risk factor for criminal behavior. However, just a small number of studies have addressed the relationship between maltreatment and the development of traits associated with persistent antisocial patterns, while, the effect of experiences of maltreatment on prosocial behavior is practically unknown. The current research aims to explore the relationship between youth maltreatment, psychopathic traits and altruistic attitudes among young adults in the community. A total of 672 young adults from the community between the ages of 18 and 20 participated in this study, the Childhood History Questionnaire, the Psychopathic Traits Inventory and the Altruistic Attitudes Scale were used. This study suggests that youth maltreatment is related both to the development of psychopathic traits and negatively related to different dimensions of altruistic altitudes. Sexual abuse was the form of abuse that was associated with a greater number of psychopathic traits dimensions, while emotional neglect was the experience of maltreatment that presented a greater number of associations with altruistic attitudes dimensions. Each of the different experiences of youth maltreatment appears to be associated with specific forms of psychopathic traits and/or altruistic attitudes. This study suggests that different forms of abuse and neglect are related to the development of psychopathic traits and altruistic attitudes. Early identification of maltreatment experiences is essential for the promotion of pro-social behavior and the consequential prevention of antisocial behavior. In this way, a set of political and social recommendations, as well as guidelines for future studies, are suggested.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade em Psicologia Clínica
Keywords
Maltrato infantojuvenil Abuso e negligência Traços psicopáticos Comportamento pró-social Atitudes altruístas Youth maltreatment Abuse and neglect Psychopathic traits Pro-social behavior Altruistic attitudes