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Ocorrência e distribuição espacial de cetáceos no Parque Marinho Professor Luiz Saldanha (PMPLS) e na Reserva Natural Das Berlengas (RNB) : contributo da ciência cidadã no estudo dos mamíferos marinhos
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Abstract(s)
Os cetáceos, como predadores de topo, são elementos chave do meio marinho e devem ser priorizados em estratégias de conservação marinha. Os projetos de ciência cidadã contam com a participação de qualquer cidadão na recolha de dados científicos, favorecendo assim o avanço da ciência. O presente estudo disponibiliza informação, com base em fontes de informação não-convencionais (ciência cidadã e inquéritos dirigidos), relativa à abundância e distribuição horizontal de cetáceos e avalia o contributo da ciência cidadã para o estudo da ocorrência e distribuição espacial de cetáceos no Parque Marinho Professor Luiz Saldanha (PMPLS) e na Reserva Natural das Berlengas (RNB), em Portugal. O golfinho-comum e o golfinho-roaz foram as espécies mais reportadas via ciência cidadã na plataforma BioDiversity4All (Projeto CETASEE) e mencionadas num maior número de inquéritos, nas AMPs em estudo e zonas adjacentes. Algumas espécies, como o grampo e a orca também foram reportados na plataforma nas áreas de estudo. A ciência cidadã poderá tornar-se uma fonte de recolha de dados sistemáticos sobre a ocorrência e distribuição espaciotemporal de cetáceos e, nesse sentido, deve integrar estudos científicos e ser tida em consideração em medidas de conservação e gestão aplicadas às AMPs. Outras metodologias, como a utilização de DNA ambiental e de censos visuais e a criação de programas de monitorização acústica passiva e de monitorização de populações são também apontadas para preencher a lacuna de conhecimento científico relativa à ocorrência e distribuição de cetáceos em Portugal.
Cetaceans, as top predators, are key elements of the marine environment and should be prioritized in marine conservation strategies. Citizen science projects count on the participation of any citizen in the collection of scientific data, thus favoring the advancement of science. The present study provides information, based on non-conventional sources of information (citizen science and targeted surveys), regarding the abundance and horizontal distribution of cetaceans and assesses the contribution of citizen science to the study of the occurrence and spatial distribution of cetaceans in the Professor Luiz Saldanha Marine Park (PMPLS) and in the Berlengas Nature Reserve (RNB), in Portugal. The common dolphin and bottlenose dolphin were the most reported species via citizen science on the BioDiversity4All platform (CETASEE Project) and mentioned in a greater number of surveys, in the AMPs under study and adjacent areas. Some species, such as the clamp and the orca, were also reported on the platform in the studied areas. Citizen science can become a source of systematic data collection on the occurrence and spatiotemporal distribution of cetaceans and, in this sense, it must integrate scientific studies and be taken into account in conservation and management measures applied to AMPs. Other methodologies, such as the use of environmental DNA and visual censuses and the creation of passive acoustic monitoring and population monitoring programs are also aimed at filling the scientific knowledge gap regarding the occurrence and distribution of cetaceans in Portugal.
Cetaceans, as top predators, are key elements of the marine environment and should be prioritized in marine conservation strategies. Citizen science projects count on the participation of any citizen in the collection of scientific data, thus favoring the advancement of science. The present study provides information, based on non-conventional sources of information (citizen science and targeted surveys), regarding the abundance and horizontal distribution of cetaceans and assesses the contribution of citizen science to the study of the occurrence and spatial distribution of cetaceans in the Professor Luiz Saldanha Marine Park (PMPLS) and in the Berlengas Nature Reserve (RNB), in Portugal. The common dolphin and bottlenose dolphin were the most reported species via citizen science on the BioDiversity4All platform (CETASEE Project) and mentioned in a greater number of surveys, in the AMPs under study and adjacent areas. Some species, such as the clamp and the orca, were also reported on the platform in the studied areas. Citizen science can become a source of systematic data collection on the occurrence and spatiotemporal distribution of cetaceans and, in this sense, it must integrate scientific studies and be taken into account in conservation and management measures applied to AMPs. Other methodologies, such as the use of environmental DNA and visual censuses and the creation of passive acoustic monitoring and population monitoring programs are also aimed at filling the scientific knowledge gap regarding the occurrence and distribution of cetaceans in Portugal.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Biologia Marinha e Conservação
Keywords
Cetáceos Ciência cidadã Conservação Parque Marinho Professor Luiz Saldanha Reserva Natural das Berlengas Cetaceans Citizen science Conservation Professor Luiz Saldanha Marine Park Berlengas Nature Reserve