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Era um vez uma mulher: Microagressões de género, saúde mental e estratégias de coping
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
As microagressões de género são formas subtis e persistentes de sexismo com impacto documentado na saúde mental, mas ainda pouco investigadas em Portugal. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre microagressões de género e indicadores de saúde mental em mulheres adultas portuguesas, bem como testar
secundariamente o efeito moderador de estratégias de coping, em especial o coping maladaptativo, nessa relação. Participaram 238 mulheres com idades entre 18 e 74 anos, recrutadas por amostragem de conveniência e bola de neve. Foi aplicado um questionário online que incluiu medidas sociodemográficas, a Escala de Microagressões Femininas (Female Microaggressions Scale, FeMS), a Escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Stress (EADS-21) e a Escala Toulousiana de Coping – Reduzida (ETC-R). Os resultados indicaram que níveis mais
elevados de microagressões de género associaram-se a piores indicadores de saúde mental, especialmente entre mulheres LGBTQIA+. Não se confirmou o efeito moderador do coping
mal-adaptativo. Estratégias de coping adaptativas associaram-se a melhores indicadores de saúde mental. Esses achados ressaltam a relevância das microagressões de género como fator de risco para a saúde mental de mulheres, especialmente de minorias sexuais, indicando a necessidade de intervenções que visem mitigar seus efeitos e promover estratégias de coping adaptativas.
Gender microaggressions are subtle, persistent forms of sexism with documented impacts on mental health, yet they remain under-examined in Portugal. This study aimed to analyse the association between gender microaggressions and mental health indicators among adult women in Portugal and, secondarily, to test whether coping strategies—particularly maladaptive coping—moderate this association. A total of 238 women aged 18–74 years were recruited via convenience and snowball sampling. Participants completed an online survey including sociodemographic measures, the Female Microaggressions Scale (FeMS), the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the shortened Toulouse Coping Scale (ETC-R). Results showed that higher levels of gender microaggressions were associated with poorer mental health indicators, especially among LGBTQIA+ women. The hypothesised moderating effect of aladaptive coping was not supported. Adaptive coping strategies were associated with better mental health indicators. These findings underscore gender microaggressions as a risk factor for women’s mental health—particularly for sexual minority women—and highlight the need for interventions to mitigate their effects and promote adaptive coping.
Gender microaggressions are subtle, persistent forms of sexism with documented impacts on mental health, yet they remain under-examined in Portugal. This study aimed to analyse the association between gender microaggressions and mental health indicators among adult women in Portugal and, secondarily, to test whether coping strategies—particularly maladaptive coping—moderate this association. A total of 238 women aged 18–74 years were recruited via convenience and snowball sampling. Participants completed an online survey including sociodemographic measures, the Female Microaggressions Scale (FeMS), the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the shortened Toulouse Coping Scale (ETC-R). Results showed that higher levels of gender microaggressions were associated with poorer mental health indicators, especially among LGBTQIA+ women. The hypothesised moderating effect of aladaptive coping was not supported. Adaptive coping strategies were associated with better mental health indicators. These findings underscore gender microaggressions as a risk factor for women’s mental health—particularly for sexual minority women—and highlight the need for interventions to mitigate their effects and promote adaptive coping.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no Ispa – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Palavras-chave
Microagressões Género Saúde mental Coping Mulheres Gender microaggressions Mental health Coping Women