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O papel do sexo biológico, dos traços antissociais e do autocontrolo nos comportamentos de risco para a saúde: Um estudo numa amostra de adultos
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Abstract(s)
Os comportamentos de risco para a saúde acarretam importantes consequências para o desenvolvimento social e psicológico dos sujeitos. Apesar de existirem diversos estudos que exploram estes comportamentos nos jovens, são escassas as investigações que analisam a prevalência e o impacto dos comportamentos de risco para a saúde na população adulta. O presente estudo é composto por uma amostra de 500 adultos da comunidade, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 79 anos, que preencheram o questionário sociodemográfico, o questionário Health Risk Behavior Checklist, a escala ASSpectrum e a Escala Breve de Autocontrolo. Os resultados obtidos indicam que os adultos em média praticam um alargado número de comportamentos de risco para a saúde, sendo que os consumo de doces (83.35%), o consumo de álcool (79.35%) e o sexo desprotegido (71.1%) demonstram maior prevalência.Verificou-se ainda que os participantes que relataram mais traços antissociais e níveis mais baixos de autocontrolo adotaram mais frequentemente comportamentos de risco para a saúde ligados com a prática de atos violentos (e.g., consumo de drogas e álcool). A presente investigação sugere que indicadores como o sexo biológico, traços antissociais e baixo autocontrolo estão associados a padrões comportamentais de risco na população adulta. Um conjunto de recomendações clínicas, políticas e sociais são discutidas, bem como investigações futuras sugeridas..
Health risk behaviors have important consequences for the social and psychological development of subjects. Although there are several studies that explore these bahaviors in young people, there are few investigations that analyse the relationship between health risk behaviors in portuguese adult population and indicators of deviable behavior, including antisocial traits and low self-control. The present study consists of a sample of 500 adults from the community, aged between 18 and 79 years old, who completed the sociodemographic questionnaire, the health risk behavior checklist questionnaire, the ASSpectrum scale and the brief self-control scale. The results obtained indicate that adults an averange practice a wide range of health risk behaviors, whith the consuption of sweets (83.35%), alcohol consuption (79.35%) and unprotected sex (71.1%) demonstrate greater prevalence. It was also found that the participants who reported more antisocial traits and lower levels of self-control more frequently adopted health risk behaviors linked to the practice of violenta cts (e.g., drug and alcohol use). The present research suggests that indicators such as biological sex, antisocial traits and low self-control are associated with behavioral patterns of risk in the adult population. A set of clinical, political and social recommendations are discussed, as well as future research suggested
Health risk behaviors have important consequences for the social and psychological development of subjects. Although there are several studies that explore these bahaviors in young people, there are few investigations that analyse the relationship between health risk behaviors in portuguese adult population and indicators of deviable behavior, including antisocial traits and low self-control. The present study consists of a sample of 500 adults from the community, aged between 18 and 79 years old, who completed the sociodemographic questionnaire, the health risk behavior checklist questionnaire, the ASSpectrum scale and the brief self-control scale. The results obtained indicate that adults an averange practice a wide range of health risk behaviors, whith the consuption of sweets (83.35%), alcohol consuption (79.35%) and unprotected sex (71.1%) demonstrate greater prevalence. It was also found that the participants who reported more antisocial traits and lower levels of self-control more frequently adopted health risk behaviors linked to the practice of violenta cts (e.g., drug and alcohol use). The present research suggests that indicators such as biological sex, antisocial traits and low self-control are associated with behavioral patterns of risk in the adult population. A set of clinical, political and social recommendations are discussed, as well as future research suggested
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de Grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
População adulta portuguesa Comportamentos de risco para a saúde Traços antissociais de personalidade Autocontrolo Portuguese adult population Health risk behaviors Antisocial personality traits Self-control