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A distância, a depressão e a ansiedade no reconhecimento emocional
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este estudo visa aprofundar os conhecimentos que existem atualmente sobre o reconhecimento de expressões faciais emocionais em perturbações depressivas e de ansiedade, adicionando a distância como um fator inovador. 47 participantes realizaram uma tarefa de reconhecimento emocional de cinco emoções básicas (felicidade, tristeza, medo, nojo, raiva) e da expressão neutra apresentadas em distâncias diferentes variando entre 62 cm e cerca de 30 metros. Os participantes responderam ainda ao Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI-II) e à escala de ansiedade, State–Trait Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety (STICSA). Os resultados mostraram que a distância impacta significativamente o reconhecimento emocional, com a felicidade e a expressão neutra sendo as emoções mais facilmente reconhecidas e mais preservadas ao longo das distâncias, enquanto a tristeza foi a emoção mais mal reconhecida. Os sintomas depressivos não influenciaram o reconhecimento em distâncias próximas, mas em distâncias maiores facilitaram o reconhecimento de emoções. Por outro lado, a ansiedade mostrou um efeito significativo na precisão do reconhecimento de expressões faciais, como o medo a distâncias intermédias e a expressão neutra a distâncias longas. Conclui-se que, tanto a depressão quanto a ansiedade, afetam o reconhecimento emocional, especialmente quando considerada a distância de apresentação visual. Este estudo realça a importância de considerar fatores contextuais como a distância, quando analisando o impacto de perturbações depressivas e de ansiedade no reconhecimento de emoções.
This study aims to deepen the knowledge that currently exists regarding the ability to recognize emotional facial expressions in depressive and anxiety disorders, adding distance as an innovative factor. 47 participants took part in an emotional recognition task considering five of the six basic emotions (happiness, sadness, fear, disgust, anger) and the neutral expression presented at different distances ranging from 62 cm to approximately 30 meters. Participants also responded to the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and the State–Trait Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety (STICSA). The results showed that distance significantly impacts emotional recognition, with happiness and neutral expression being the emotions most easily recognized and best preserved over distances, while sadness was the worst recognized emotion. Depressive symptoms did not have an effect on recognition at close distances, but at greater distances it facilitated emotion recognition. On the other hand, anxiety symptoms showed a significant effect on the accuracy of recognizing facial expressions, such as fear at intermediate distances and neutral expression at long distances. The present results show that both depression and anxiety have an effect on emotional recognition, especially when considering the distance of visual presentation. This study highlights the importance of considering contextual factors such as distance when analyzing the impact of depressive and anxiety disorders on emotion recognition.
This study aims to deepen the knowledge that currently exists regarding the ability to recognize emotional facial expressions in depressive and anxiety disorders, adding distance as an innovative factor. 47 participants took part in an emotional recognition task considering five of the six basic emotions (happiness, sadness, fear, disgust, anger) and the neutral expression presented at different distances ranging from 62 cm to approximately 30 meters. Participants also responded to the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and the State–Trait Inventory for Cognitive and Somatic Anxiety (STICSA). The results showed that distance significantly impacts emotional recognition, with happiness and neutral expression being the emotions most easily recognized and best preserved over distances, while sadness was the worst recognized emotion. Depressive symptoms did not have an effect on recognition at close distances, but at greater distances it facilitated emotion recognition. On the other hand, anxiety symptoms showed a significant effect on the accuracy of recognizing facial expressions, such as fear at intermediate distances and neutral expression at long distances. The present results show that both depression and anxiety have an effect on emotional recognition, especially when considering the distance of visual presentation. This study highlights the importance of considering contextual factors such as distance when analyzing the impact of depressive and anxiety disorders on emotion recognition.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no Ispa – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Reconhecimento emocional Distância Perturbação depressiva Perturbação de ansiedade Emotional recognition Distance Depressive disorder Anxiety disorder
Citation
Natacha, M. (2024). A distância, a depressão e a ansiedade no reconhecimento emocional [Dissertação de Mestrado]. Ispa – Instituto Universitário.