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Marine protected areas stage of establishment and level of protection are good predictors of their conservation outcomes

2025-04Journal article Open access
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datacite.subject.fosCiências Naturais::Ciências Biológicas
datacite.subject.sdg14:Proteger a Vida Marinha
dc.contributor.authorHorta e Costa, Barbara
dc.contributor.authorBenito-Abelló, Carmela de
dc.contributor.authorPike, Elizabeth
dc.contributor.authorTurnbull, John
dc.contributor.authorMacCarthy, Jessica
dc.contributor.authorHarasta, Nikki
dc.contributor.authorFragkopoulou, Eliza
dc.contributor.authorRoessger, Julia
dc.contributor.authorSullivan-Stack, Jenna
dc.contributor.authorGrorud-Colvert, Kirsten
dc.contributor.authorGill, David
dc.contributor.authorMorgan, Lance
dc.contributor.authorGonçalves, Emanuel J.
dc.contributor.authorZupan, Mirta
dc.contributor.authorGonçalves, Jorge M.S.
dc.contributor.authorClaudet, Joachim
dc.date.accessioned2025-08-29T13:45:33Z
dc.date.available2025-08-29T13:45:33Z
dc.date.issued2025-04
dc.description.abstractDespite the importance of active management and strong protection in driving marine protected areas (MPA) performance, coverage area remains the sole indicator for global targets. To assess whether conservation quality lags behind quantity, we conducted a global meta-analysis of 123 MPAs. We show that MPAs’ Levels of Protection and Stages of Establishment are reliable proxies for MPAs’ ecological outcomes; hence, they are good candidates for tracking MPA quality. Actively managed MPAs have significantly higher fish density and biomass than non-protected surrounding areas, while MPAs that are only implemented do not. The effectiveness of actively managed MPAs can be maximized if they are fully or highly protected. Lightly and minimally protected areas that are only implemented can deliver negative outcomes. Our findings highlight the important interplay between stages and levels as developed in the MPA Guide and support the need to include both in conservation targets to track not only MPA quantity but also quality.eng
dc.description.sponsorshipFundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia - FCT
dc.identifier.citationHorta e Costa, B., de Benito-Abelló, C., Pike, E., Turnbull, J., MacCarthy, J., Harasta, N., Fragkopoulou, E., Roessger, J., Sullivan-Stack, J., Grorud-Colvert, K., Gill, D., Morgan, L., Gonçalves, E. J., Zupan, M., Gonçalves, J. M. S., & Claudet, J. (2025). Marine protected areas stage of establishment and level of protection are good predictors of their conservation outcomes. Cell Reports Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crsus.2025.100345
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.crsus.2025.100345
dc.identifier.issn2949-7906
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/13584
dc.language.isoeng
dc.peerreviewedyes
dc.publisherElsevier BV
dc.relationUIDB/04326/2020
dc.relationUIDP/04326/2020
dc.relationSFRH/BD/144878/2019
dc.relationUIDB_P/MAR/04292/2020
dc.relation.ispartofCell Reports Sustainability
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectMarine conservation
dc.subjectMarine protected areas
dc.subjectGlobal targets
dc.subjectMBA quality
dc.subjectHarvested fish
dc.subjectEffect sizes
dc.subjectMeta-analysis
dc.subjectStages of establishment
dc.subjectLevels of protection
dc.subjectMPA guide
dc.subjectEcological outcomes
dc.titleMarine protected areas stage of establishment and level of protection are good predictors of their conservation outcomes
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.issue4
oaire.citation.titleCell Reports Sustainability
oaire.citation.volume2
oaire.versionhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85

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