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Publication
Bem-estar subjectivo e auto-conceito na terceira idade
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O envelhecimento é uma das problemáticas mais relevantes das sociedades
contemporâneas. Estima-se que, em 2050, a população idosa constitua 32% do total
da população portuguesa. Torna-se, assim, importante melhorar a qualidade de vida e
o bem-estar físico e psicológico desta população. Deste modo, o bem-estar
subjectivo e o auto-conceito são variáveis que se consideram estar relacionadas com
uma melhor qualidade de vida.
Assim, a presente investigação pretende perceber os níveis de bem-estar
subjectivo e de auto-conceito nos idosos, comparando os idosos que estão
institucionalizados, os que residem nas suas casas e não têm alguma actividade em
particular e os que frequentam um centro de dia. Outro objectivo é, observar se o
auto-conceito influencia o bem-estar subjectivo. Paralelamente, também, se analisa o
tipo de contacto com a família.
Foi administrado um questionário demográfico, a escala de satisfação com a
vida, a escala de afectos positivos e de afectos negativos, e o inventário clínico de
auto-conceito a 120 idosos, dos quais 40 frequentam um centro de dia, 40 residem
nas suas casas e não têm nenhuma actividade, e os restantes 40 estão
institucionalizados.
Os resultados obtidos indicam que existem diferenças significativas entre os
diferentes subgrupos (centro de dia, casa e lar), ao nível do bem-estar subjectivo e do
auto-conceito, sendo o lar o subgrupo que tem menor bem-estar subjectivo e autoconceito.
Verificou-se, ainda, que o auto-conceito influencia o bem-estar subjectivo.
ABSTRACT: Aging is one of the most important problems of contemporary societies. It is estimated that in 2050, the elderly constitute 32% of the total population. It is therefore important to improve the quality of life and physical and psychological well-being of this population. Thus, the subjective well-being and self-concept are variables that are considered to be related to a better quality of life. Therefore, this research aims to understand the levels of subjective well-being and self-concept in the elderly, comparing the elderly who are institutionalized; those who live in their homes and don´t have any particular activity and those who attend a day care. Another objective is to see if the self-concept influences the subjective well-being. In parallel the type of contact with the family is also analyzed. It was given a demographic questionnaire, the scale of life satisfaction, the scale of positive affect and negative affect (PANAS Scale), and the inventory of clinical selfconcept in 120 patients, 40 attend in a day care, 40 living in their homes and without any activity, and the remaining 40 are institutionalized. The results indicate that there are significant differences between different groups (day care, home and old people’s home) according to the level of subjective well-being and self-concept, the elderly who are institutionalized have less subjective well-being and self-concept. It´s, also, concluded that the self-concept influences the subjective well-being.
ABSTRACT: Aging is one of the most important problems of contemporary societies. It is estimated that in 2050, the elderly constitute 32% of the total population. It is therefore important to improve the quality of life and physical and psychological well-being of this population. Thus, the subjective well-being and self-concept are variables that are considered to be related to a better quality of life. Therefore, this research aims to understand the levels of subjective well-being and self-concept in the elderly, comparing the elderly who are institutionalized; those who live in their homes and don´t have any particular activity and those who attend a day care. Another objective is to see if the self-concept influences the subjective well-being. In parallel the type of contact with the family is also analyzed. It was given a demographic questionnaire, the scale of life satisfaction, the scale of positive affect and negative affect (PANAS Scale), and the inventory of clinical selfconcept in 120 patients, 40 attend in a day care, 40 living in their homes and without any activity, and the remaining 40 are institutionalized. The results indicate that there are significant differences between different groups (day care, home and old people’s home) according to the level of subjective well-being and self-concept, the elderly who are institutionalized have less subjective well-being and self-concept. It´s, also, concluded that the self-concept influences the subjective well-being.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Superior
Keywords
Bem-estar subjectivo Auto-conceito Envelhecimento Subjective well-being Self-concept Elderly